一個 UED 團隊的自我修養

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近兩年主要在負責公司的 UED 團隊，雖然團隊比較小，卻也遇到不少問題。下面是這兩年的一些思考以及感想，一家之言，難免偏頗，拋磚引玉，歡迎討論。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"UED 的職責"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/0b/0b67d669c872629fd3c33f99689a6846.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如上圖所示，UED 的目標可以大致分爲三個層次。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"首先，UED 需要做好"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"業務支持"},{"type":"text","text":"，這是 UED 的基礎工作，是這個團隊安身立命的根本。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在做好業務支持的同時，UED 要努力提升"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"效率"},{"type":"text","text":"以及"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"質量"},{"type":"text","text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"多數情況下，UED 在公司是一個資源團隊或者支持性團隊，大部分工作是根據產品經理的規劃對業務進行支持，較少會自行主導業務，這樣的團隊經常會面臨人手不足的問題，因此努力提升效率是一個需要長期關注的事。具體而言，包括但不限於："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更合理的流程"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"更合適的工具/框架"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"建立內部知識庫/組件庫/素材庫"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"簡單來說，提升效率就是讓更少的人在更少的時間完成更多的工作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"質量的目標則不用多說了，就是字面意思，具體行動包括但不限於："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"代碼/設計規範"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"代碼/設計評審制度"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"內部及外部的學習交流"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"以上部分，是公司內任何一個團隊都要做的事（完成需求、提效、保證質量），但作爲 UED，在此之上尚有一個更大的責任，即提升產品的體驗乃至公司的形象。UED 應該經常從體驗的角度審視公司的產品，仔細打磨、提升產品的體驗以及細節，甚至驅動產品改進迭代。這也是目標金字塔最上面的部分。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通常來說，團隊內初級同學的關注點一般主要集中在金字塔下方，資深的同學則應多關注金字塔上方。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"當然，在這三個層次之上，還有很多可以做的事，比如是否能將團隊的能力對外輸出，影響更多人以及公司，甚至影響整個行業？不過，能做到那一步的團隊都是業界翹楚，百裏挑一，所謂“窮則獨善其身，達則兼濟天下”。對大多數中小團隊來說，能專注於這三個層次的目標並且做得足夠好，就可以算是一個合格的 UED 團隊了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"設計的職責"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/98/984a4e5641abced714509dd4896825ac.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如上圖所示，設計的意義也可以劃分爲三個層次。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最早的時候，大家做設計只有一個要求，就是要讓產品"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"好看"},{"type":"text","text":"，後來經過長時間的摸索，人們逐漸意識到，"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"好用"},{"type":"text","text":"比好看更重要。各種用戶體驗理論大體上都是在講一個事，即是如何做出好用的設計。在現代互聯網產品設計中，好看是基本要求，但好用比好看更重要，這已經成爲一個被廣泛認同的共識。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"怎麼樣才能讓產品更好用呢？具體行動包括但不限於："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"學習並應用用戶體驗的專業知識以及最佳實踐"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"多想，多討論，多用"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"傾聽真實用戶的聲音，加以分析，反饋到設計迭代中"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"好用很重要，不過近來也逐漸興起一些思潮，即認爲在設計中還有比好用更重要的東西，那就是做"},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"正確"},{"type":"text","text":"的設計。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"有一些產品設計得特別好用，讓人不知不覺就沉迷於其中，或者有一些誘導性的消費，讓人一衝動就買回來很多用不着的東西。這些設計從短期商業目標的角度或許是好的，在體驗的 KPI 角度或許也是成功的，但從更大的視角來看，卻或許是不正確的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何做出正確的設計呢？沒有統一的標準，個人認爲，我們在做設計工作時心中要問自己一下，我的設計會不會讓這個世界變得更美好？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你不一定要改變世界，但你至少應該避免讓這個世界因你的設計變得更差。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"做正確的設計，這與專業能力的高低無關，而是一種選擇。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前端的職責"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https://static001.geekbang.org/infoq/a9/a90404bfc398b97dacda76043ad56fb8.png","alt":null,"title":"","style":[{"key":"width","value":"100%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":"","fromPaste":false,"pastePass":false}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如上圖所示，前端的工作評價也有三個層級，分別爲基本、進階以及超越。當然，這只是一個簡約的參考框架，同時並不是每項前端工作都適合這麼評價。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"前端不應該只是實現產品和設計師的想法，而應該深度參與到這個過程中。前端的定位不僅僅是實現者，更是參與者。有很多問題從產品經理以及設計師的角度或許很難看到，前端應該主動承擔更大的責任。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"優秀的前端工程師是傳說中的十倍工程師，能獨當一面，讓人信任，同時還能影響到團隊以及上下游，通過創造或改進工具，讓以前不可能的事變得可能，讓以前麻煩的事變得方便，讓以前費時的事變得快捷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"小結"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一個 UED 團隊應該："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"numberedlist","attrs":{"start":1,"normalizeStart":1},"content":[{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":1,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"支持好業務需求；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":2,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"持續提升效率與質量；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":3,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"通過改進用戶體驗來驅動業務前進。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"---"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"注：本文首發於"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https://oldj.net/blog/2019/11/30/goals-of-a-ued-team/","title":""},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"我的博客"}],"marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"size","attrs":{"size":10}}],"text":"。"}]}]}