2020/06/08 mysql主主+nginx反代mysql

原創 PX小葵 2020-06-10 05:08

1、環境描述及注意事項

角色 ip
主nginx,mysql-master1 10.211.7.11
備nginx,mysql-master2 10.211.7.12

注意事項：

確保selinux和firewalld，處於disable和關閉狀態。
此部署搭建需要在沒有安裝mysql,nginx的機器上搭建，不然可能導致安裝不成功。

安裝mysql

由於節省時間，部分操作指定兩臺機器可以同步執行

2.檢測系統是否自帶mysql,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep mysql
[root@localhost /]# rpm -qa | grep mariadb

3.如果安裝過mysql，則使用下面命令進行刪除,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost /]# rpm -e --nodeps ‘上一步查找的名稱’  　// 強力刪除模式，如果使用上面命令刪除時，提示有依賴的其它文件，則用該命令可以對其進行強力刪除

4.刪除成功後，查詢所有Mysql對應的文件夾,刪除查找的所有文件夾,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost ~]# whereis mysql
mysql: /usr/bin/mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@localhost ~]# find / -name mysql |xargs -n1 rm -rf
/run/lock/subsys/mysql
/etc/rc.d/init.d/mysql
/usr/bin/mysql
/usr/local/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/include/mysql
/usr/local/mysql/data/mysql

5.下載安裝包，一般放在/usr/local/src下,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost ~]# wget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
[root@localhost ~]# tar xvf mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64\ \(1\).tar.gz

6.創建mysql用戶,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost ~]# groupadd mysql
[root@localhost ~]# useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql

7.修改解壓目錄名稱,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost ~]# mv mysql-5.7.30-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /usr/local/mysql

8.安裝依賴工具,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost ~]# yum search libaio  # search for info
[root@localhost ~]# yum install libaio # install library

9.加入path變量，並設置開機自啓,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/profile
#添加下面一行
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
[root@localhost ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --add mysql 
[root@localhost ~]# chkconfig --list

Note: This output shows SysV services only and does not include native
      systemd services. SysV configuration data might be overridden by native
      systemd configuration.

      If you want to list systemd services use 'systemctl list-unit-files'.
      To see services enabled on particular target use
      'systemctl list-dependencies [target]'.

mysql           0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off
netconsole      0:off   1:off   2:off   3:off   4:off   5:off   6:off
network         0:off   1:off   2:on    3:on    4:on    5:on    6:off

10.目錄下創建data目錄和basedir，和其他需要的目錄,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/data
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/logs
[root@localhost mysql]# mkdir -p /data/mysql/mysql/tmp
[root@localhost mysql]# chown -R  mysql.mysql /data/mysql

11.編譯安裝並初始化mysql,確保/etc/my.cnf文件不存在，否則會出現問題,兩臺機器可以同步操作

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --datadir=/data/mysql/data --basedir=/usr/local/mysql
2020-06-03T02:35:19.965501Z 0 [Warning] TIMESTAMP with implicit DEFAULT value is deprecated. Please use --explicit_defaults_for_timestamp server option (see documentation for more details).
2020-06-03T02:35:21.957991Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: New log files created, LSN=45790
2020-06-03T02:35:22.081331Z 0 [Warning] InnoDB: Creating foreign key constraint system tables.
2020-06-03T02:35:22.338628Z 0 [Warning] No existing UUID has been found, so we assume that this is the first time that this server has been started. Generating a new UUID: df713c56-a542-11ea-93bd-000c29d94b11.
2020-06-03T02:35:22.339895Z 0 [Warning] Gtid table is not ready to be used. Table 'mysql.gtid_executed' cannot be opened.
2020-06-03T02:35:22.654337Z 0 [Warning] CA certificate ca.pem is self signed.
2020-06-03T02:35:22.778157Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: (MeW%o3==Fsl  #這段是密碼

12.開啓ssl連接：

[root@localhost mysql]# bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir=/data/mysql/data

13.編輯10.211.7.11也就是mysql-master1配置文件my.cnf，添加配置如下

[client]
port            = 3306
socket          = /tmp/mysql.sock

[mysql]
#prompt="\\u@\\h [\\d]>"
#pager="less -i -n -S"
#tee=/opt/mysql/query.log
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
#misc
user = mysql
basedir = /usr/local/mysql
datadir = /data/mysql/data
port = 3306

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
event_scheduler = 0

tmpdir = /data/mysql/tmp
#timeout
interactive_timeout = 300
wait_timeout = 300

#character set
character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 1000
max_connect_errors = 100000
lower_case_table_names =1
#file
#@secure-file-priv=/tmp
#symi replication

#rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled=1
#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000 # 1 second
#rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

#logs
log-output=file
slow_query_log = 1
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
log-error = error.log
log_warnings = 2
pid-file = mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
#log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1

#binlog
#binlog_format = STATEMENT
binlog_format = row
server-id = 1003306
auto_increment_offset=1
auto_increment_increment=2
log-bin = /data/mysql/logs/mysql-bin
max_binlog_size = 256M
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 10
#procedure
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1
gtid_mode=ON
enforce-gtid-consistency=true

#file
secure_file_priv="/tmp"
#
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency=1


#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 128M
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-index=relay-bin.index
log_slave_updates

#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062
#skip-grant-tables

#buffers & cache
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 128K
join_buffer_size = 128K
thread_cache_size = 200
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10737418240
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

14.編輯10.211.7.12也就是mysql-master2配置文件my.cnf，添加配置如下

[client]
port= 3306
socket  = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash

[mysqld]
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/data/mysql/data
user=mysql
port=3306
default-storage-engine=InnoDB

socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
event_scheduler = 0

tmpdir = /data/mysql/mysql/tmp
#timeout
#interactive_timeout = 300
#wait_timeout = 300

##character set
character-set-server = utf8

open_files_limit = 65535
max_connections = 3000
max_connect_errors = 6000
lower_case_table_names =1
#file
#@secure-file-priv=/tmp
#symi replication

#rp;-semi_sync_master_enabled=1
#rpl_semi_sync_master_timeout=1000 # 1 second
##rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled=1

#logs
log-output=file
#slow_query_log = 1
-auto-rehash
slow_query_log_file = slow.log
log-error = error.log
log_warnings = 2
pid-file = /data/mysql/data/mysql.pid
long_query_time = 1
#log-slow-admin-statements = 1
##log-queries-not-using-indexes = 1
log-slow-slave-statements = 1

#binlog
#binlog_format = STATEMENT
binlog_format = row
auto_increment_offset=2
auto_increment_increment=2
server-id = 1003307
log-bin = /data/mysql/logs/mysql-bin
max_binlog_size = 256M
sync_binlog = 0
expire_logs_days = 10
#procedure
log_bin_trust_function_creators=1

##file
secure_file_priv="/tmp"
#
gtid-mode = on
enforce-gtid-consistency=1


#relay log
skip_slave_start = 1
max_relay_log_size = 128M
relay_log_purge = 1
relay_log_recovery = 1
relay-log=relay-bin
relay-log-index=relay-bin.index
log_slave_updates

#slave-skip-errors=1032,1053,1062

#buffers & cache
table_open_cache = 2048
table_definition_cache = 2048
table_open_cache = 2048
max_heap_table_size = 96M
sort_buffer_size = 128K
join_buffer_size = 128K
thread_cache_size = 200
query_cache_size = 0
query_cache_type = 0
query_cache_limit = 256K
query_cache_min_res_unit = 512
thread_stack = 192K
tmp_table_size = 96M
key_buffer_size = 8M
read_buffer_size = 2M
read_rnd_buffer_size = 16M
bulk_insert_buffer_size = 32M

#myisam
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size = 10G
myisam_repair_threads = 1

#innodb
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 10737418240
innodb_buffer_pool_instances = 1
innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:1024M:autoextend
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 2
innodb_log_buffer_size = 16M
innodb_log_file_size = 128M
innodb_log_files_in_group = 3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct = 50
innodb_file_per_table = 1
innodb_rollback_on_timeout
innodb_io_capacity = 2000
transaction_isolation = READ-COMMITTED
innodb_flush_method = O_DIRECT

15.運行mysql安全腳本,兩臺機器可以同步操作，密碼是之前初始化產生的密碼，每臺機器都有各自的初始密碼

[root@localhost mysql]# /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_secure_installation 
mysql_secure_installation: [ERROR] unknown variable 'prompt=\u@\h [\d]>'

Securing the MySQL server deployment.

Enter password for user root: 

The existing password for the user account root has expired. Please set a new password.

New password: 

Re-enter new password:

配置雙主模型

1.配置主服務器10.211.7.11

[root@localhost mysql]# grant replication slave on *.* to repl@'10.211.7.%' identified by '!tp!gNp667aPT';

#互相設置對方爲主
CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.211.7.11', MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='!tp!gNp667aPT',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000008',MASTER_LOG_POS=2100;

#開始同步
start slave;

 show master logs;顯示日誌位置

2.配置主服務器10.211.7.12


CHANGE MASTER TO MASTER_HOST='10.211.7.12', MASTER_USER='repl',MASTER_PASSWORD='!tp!gNp667aPT',MASTER_LOG_FILE='mysql-bin.000004',MASTER_LOG_POS=491;

#開始同步
start slave;

搭建完主主後，要在兩個數據庫中插入有自增表的數據，觀察ID。
如果不指定自增ID，他會按照配置文件中的自增規則來遞增，也可以強制指定ID。如果兩邊同時插入同ID的數據，就會出現數據不同步的情況。

Nginx反代主主

1.選擇你要安裝的版本，http://tengine.taobao.org/download.html下載地址

[root@baiduyun-test ~]# wget http://tengine.taobao.org/download/tengine-2.3.0.tar.gz

2.刪除以前殘留的版本

[root@baiduyun-test ~]#rpm -qa |grep nginx |xargs -n1 rpm -e --nodeps 
[root@baiduyun-test ~]# find / -name nginx |xargs -n1 rm -rf
[root@baiduyun-test ~]# find / -name nginx

3.解壓文件

[root@baiduyun-test ~]#tar xf  tengine-2.3.0.tar.gz

4.安裝依賴包

[root@baiduyun-test ~]# yum  groupinstall  "Development Tools" -y
[root@baiduyun-test ~]#  yum install -y gcc pcre pcre-devel openssl openssl-devel gd gd-devel

5.編譯安裝

[root@node2 tengine-2.3.0]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module --with-http_realip_module --with-http_flv_module --with-http_mp4_module --with-http_gzip_static_module --with-stream --with-stream_ssl_module
[root@node2 tengine-2.3.0]# make
[root@node2 tengine-2.3.0]# make install

6.默認安裝下來的目錄

[root@baiduyun-test tengine-2.3.0]#  find / -name nginx 
/usr/local/nginx
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
/root/tengine-2.3.0/objs/nginx

7.創建nginx用戶

[root@baiduyun-test tengine-2.3.0]# groupadd nginx
[root@baiduyun-test tengine-2.3.0]# useradd nginx -g nginx -s /sbin/nologin -M
#-M不創建家目錄

8.軟連接

[root@baiduyun-test tengine-2.3.0]#ln -s /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/sbin/nginx

9.配置文件路徑

[root@baiduyun-test tengine-2.3.0] /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

可以直接用nginx啓動

[root@baiduyun-test tengine-2.3.0] nginx

10.編輯/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf,在最後一行添加如下

stream {
    server {
       listen 3336;
       proxy_pass db;    
    }
    upstream db {
       server 10.211.7.11:3306;
       server 10.211.7.12:3306;
    }
}

11. 配置完成後啓動nginx

/usr/local/nginx/bin/nginx  -s reload

12.測試登錄

mysql -uroot -p'QianFeng@123' -h 10.211.7.11 -P 3336
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 13
Server version: 5.7.22-log MySQL Community Server (GPL)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MySQL [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database           |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql              |
| performance_schema |
| sys                |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.16 sec)

MySQL [(none)]> create database abc;
Query OK, 1 row affected (0.00 sec)
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