windows 10 安裝 centos/7
- 下載
vagrant
版本vagrant_2.2.6_x86_64.msi
-
官網 下載: https://www.vagrantup.com/
如果下載慢,可以從百度雲盤下載[https://pan.baidu.com/s/12jCAuyJTguqDdyS0xTsYaQ](https://pan.baidu.com/s/12jCAuyJTguqDdyS0xTsYaQ)
-
下一步,下一步安裝
-
輸入
vagrant.exe
查看是否安裝成功Usage: vagrant [options] <command> [<args>] -v, --version Print the version and exit. -h, --help Print this help. Common commands: box manages boxes: installation, removal, etc. cloud manages everything related to Vagrant Cloud destroy stops and deletes all traces of the vagrant machine global-status outputs status Vagrant environments for this user halt stops the vagrant machine help shows the help for a subcommand init initializes a new Vagrant environment by creating a Vagrantfile login package packages a running vagrant environment into a box plugin manages plugins: install, uninstall, update, etc. port displays information about guest port mappings powershell connects to machine via powershell remoting provision provisions the vagrant machine push deploys code in this environment to a configured destination rdp connects to machine via RDP reload restarts vagrant machine, loads new Vagrantfile configuration resume resume a suspended vagrant machine snapshot manages snapshots: saving, restoring, etc. ssh connects to machine via SSH ssh-config outputs OpenSSH valid configuration to connect to the machine status outputs status of the vagrant machine suspend suspends the machine up starts and provisions the vagrant environment upload upload to machine via communicator validate validates the Vagrantfile version prints current and latest Vagrant version winrm executes commands on a machine via WinRM winrm-config outputs WinRM configuration to connect to the machine For help on any individual command run `vagrant COMMAND -h` Additional subcommands are available, but are either more advanced or not commonly used. To see all subcommands, run the command `vagrant list-commands`.
-
下載
Oracle VM VirtualBox
版本VirtualBox-6.0.14-133895-Win.exe
- 官網下載 https://www.virtualbox.org/wiki/Downloads
- 下一步,下一步安裝
- 安裝成功,桌面會出現圖標
Oracle VM VirtualBox
-
下載 虛擬機
- 鏈接: https://pan.baidu.com/s/1dHURJl3p4LDhekxuM_IlKA 提取碼: mds8
-
通過
vagrant
導入下載的虛擬機-
找一個文件夾下(這裏我是放在
D:\IDE\VM\centos7
)打開powerShell軟件 執行vagrant.exe init centos/7
,當前目錄下會生成一個Vagrantfile
文件 -
在當前目錄(
D:\IDE\VM\centos7
)下繼續執行vagrant.exe box add centos/7 D:\IDE\VM\virtualbox.box
命令 ,把百度雲盤下載的虛擬機加載到VirtualBox
中,此時當前目錄會出現.vagrant
文件夾 -
在當前目錄(
D:\IDE\VM\centos7
)下繼續執行vagrant.exe up
啓動虛擬機PS D:\IDE\VM\centos7> vagrant.exe up Bringing machine 'default' up with 'virtualbox' provider... ==> default: Clearing any previously set forwarded ports... ==> default: Clearing any previously set network interfaces... ==> default: Preparing network interfaces based on configuration... default: Adapter 1: nat ==> default: Forwarding ports... default: 22 (guest) => 2222 (host) (adapter 1) ==> default: Booting VM... ==> default: Waiting for machine to boot. This may take a few minutes... default: SSH address: 127.0.0.1:2222 default: SSH username: vagrant default: SSH auth method: private key default: default: Vagrant insecure key detected. Vagrant will automatically replace default: this with a newly generated keypair for better security. default: default: Inserting generated public key within guest... default: Removing insecure key from the guest if it's present... default: Key inserted! Disconnecting and reconnecting using new SSH key... ==> default: Machine booted and ready! ==> default: Checking for guest additions in VM... default: No guest additions were detected on the base box for this VM! Guest default: additions are required for forwarded ports, shared folders, host only default: networking, and more. If SSH fails on this machine, please install default: the guest additions and repackage the box to continue. default: default: This is not an error message; everything may continue to work properly, default: in which case you may ignore this message. ==> default: Rsyncing folder: /cygdrive/d/IDE/VM/centos7/ => /vagrant
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-
安裝結束後,打開
Oracle VM VirtualBox
程序即可看到安裝好並且已經啓動好的虛擬機了 -
後續使用
- 進入到虛擬機的路徑(
D:\IDE\VM\centos7
)下打開powerShell窗口 - 使用下面的命令
vagrant halt 優雅關閉
vagrant up 正常啓動
- 進入到虛擬機的路徑(
-
使用xshell 連接到虛擬機
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使用centos7 默認的賬號
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在centos文件夾下執行vagrant ssh-config 可以查看到連接信息
Host default HostName 127.0.0.1 User vagrant Port 2222 UserKnownHostsFile /dev/null StrictHostKeyChecking no PasswordAuthentication no IdentityFile D:/IDE/VM/centos7/.vagrant/machines/default/virtualbox/private_key IdentitiesOnly yes LogLevel FATAL
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-
使用root賬號登錄
- vagrant ssh 進入到虛擬機中
- 執行命令
sudo -i
- 執行命令
vi /etc/ssh/sshd_config
- 修改
PasswordAuthentication yes
- 修改root密碼,
passwd root
- 重啓ssh
systemctl restart sshd
- 使用賬號root,密碼root進行登錄
-
-
box的打包
- 退出虛擬機
vagrant halt
- 打包
vagrant package --output first-docker-centos7.box
- 得到 first-docker-centos7.box
- 將first-docker-centos7.box添加到其他的vagrant環境中
vagrant box add first-docker-centos7 first-docker-centos7.box
- 得到Vagrantfile
vagrant init first-docker-centos7 - 根據Vagrantfile啓動虛擬機
vagrant up [此時可以得到和之前一模一樣的環境,但是網絡要重新配置]
- 退出虛擬機
1. 如果之前開啓過Hyper-V
,在vagrant.exe up
失敗的話
- 程序與功能->左側
啓用或關閉windows功能
中 把Hyper-V
禁用掉 - 以管理員權限打開cmd 執行命令
bcdedit /set hypervisorlaunchtype off
(這一步一定要做的) - 重啓電腦
2.提供 vagrant 幾個常用命令
- vagrant ssh
進入剛纔創建的centos7中 - vagrant status
查看centos7的狀態 - vagrant halt
停止/關閉centos7 - vagrant destroy
刪除centos7 - vagrant status
查看當前vagrant創建的虛擬機
3. 可以修改Vagrantfile
文件
Vagrantfile中也可以寫腳本命令,使得centos7更加豐富
但是要注意,修改了Vagrantfile,要想使正常運行的centos7生效,**必須使用vagrant reload **
4. 通過 Vagrantfile 修改虛擬機的配置
# -*- mode: ruby -*-
# vi: set ft=ruby :
# All Vagrant configuration is done below. The "2" in Vagrant.configure
# configures the configuration version (we support older styles for
# backwards compatibility). Please don't change it unless you know what
# you're doing.
Vagrant.configure("2") do |config|
# The most common configuration options are documented and commented below.
# For a complete reference, please see the online documentation at
# https://docs.vagrantup.com.
# Every Vagrant development environment requires a box. You can search for
# boxes at https://vagrantcloud.com/search.
config.vm.box = "centos/7"
# Disable automatic box update checking. If you disable this, then
# boxes will only be checked for updates when the user runs
# `vagrant box outdated`. This is not recommended.
# config.vm.box_check_update = false
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine. In the example below,
# accessing "localhost:8080" will access port 80 on the guest machine.
# NOTE: This will enable public access to the opened port
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080
# Create a forwarded port mapping which allows access to a specific port
# within the machine from a port on the host machine and only allow access
# via 127.0.0.1 to disable public access
# config.vm.network "forwarded_port", guest: 80, host: 8080, host_ip: "127.0.0.1"
# Create a private network, which allows host-only access to the machine
# using a specific IP.
# config.vm.network "private_network", ip: "192.168.33.10"
# Create a public network, which generally matched to bridged network.
# Bridged networks make the machine appear as another physical device on
# your network.
config.vm.network "public_network"
# Share an additional folder to the guest VM. The first argument is
# the path on the host to the actual folder. The second argument is
# the path on the guest to mount the folder. And the optional third
# argument is a set of non-required options.
# config.vm.synced_folder "../data", "/vagrant_data"
# Provider-specific configuration so you can fine-tune various
# backing providers for Vagrant. These expose provider-specific options.
# Example for VirtualBox:
#
# config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
# # Display the VirtualBox GUI when booting the machine
# vb.gui = true
#
# # Customize the amount of memory on the VM:
# vb.memory = "1024"
# end
config.vm.provider "virtualbox" do |vb|
vb.memory = "4000" ##內存大小
vb.name= "jack-centos7" ## 名稱
vb.cpus= 2 ##cpu核數
end
#
# View the documentation for the provider you are using for more
# information on available options.
# Enable provisioning with a shell script. Additional provisioners such as
# Puppet, Chef, Ansible, Salt, and Docker are also available. Please see the
# documentation for more information about their specific syntax and use.
# config.vm.provision "shell", inline: <<-SHELL
# apt-get update
# apt-get install -y apache2
# SHELL
end