1. 使用idea創建一個基本的maven項目(Web版本)
- 用idea創建一個maven項目
- 使用模板maven-archetype-webapp
- 填寫groupid和artifactId
- 確認項目在磁盤上的位置
- Finish,idea開始創建一個項目
- 將項目部署在tomcat上,在Deployment中選擇war結尾的那個
- 啓動tomcat
此時的項目只有一個web項目最基本結構,能夠部署到tomcat上(有web.xml
文件)。但是還需要我們繼續完善項目結構。
2. 完善目錄結構
在src目錄下創建java,resources兩個目錄,並將java設置爲Sources Root,resources設置爲Resources Root。
- java,Sources Root,存放項目源碼的目錄
- resources(Resources Root),存放資源的目錄
在java(Sources Root)創建包com.ssm。並且在該包下創建五個包
- controller,存放controller層的代碼
- service,存放service層的代碼
- dao,存放持久層代碼
- model,存放數據模型
- utils,一些第三方工具
在resources創建目錄
- mapper,存放mybatis的mapper文件
- configure,存放配置文件
最後的目錄結構如下:
3. 相關依賴
需要明確一點的是,針對上述構建的項目,雖然是一個web項目,但是歸根結底是一個maven項目,而且是一個使用了模板maven-archetype-webapp
的maven項目。對於一個maven項目而言,其核心是pom.xml
文件。
POM的的含義是項目對象模型(Project Object Model)。也就是說,maven通過pom.xml
定義了項目的基本信息,用於描述如何構建,聲明項目依賴等等。
pom文件主要分爲以下幾塊
- 項目的基本信息,
- 配置信息,比如在這裏定義配置信息
<spring-version>5.3.7.RELEASE</spring-version>
,在下面的配置依賴配置中,直接使用${spring-version}代表5.3.7.RELEASE,有點我們java代碼中的spring-version=5.3.7.RELEASE
,然後在接下來的代碼中使用spring-version
一樣。 - 依賴配置,常用,導入jar包
- 編譯配置,顧名思義,就是設置編譯的配置信息,具體的等以後完善。
默認依賴
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>com.ssm</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm_04_full_edition_analysis</artifactId>
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<name>ssm_04_full_edition_analysis Maven Webapp</name>
<!-- FIXME change it to the project's website -->
<url>http://www.example.com</url>
<properties>
<project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>
<maven.compiler.source>1.7</maven.compiler.source>
<maven.compiler.target>1.7</maven.compiler.target>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
<build>
<finalName>ssm_04_full_edition_analysis</finalName>
<pluginManagement><!-- lock down plugins versions to avoid using Maven defaults (may be moved to parent pom) -->
<plugins>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-clean-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.1.0</version>
</plugin>
<!-- see http://maven.apache.org/ref/current/maven-core/default-bindings.html#Plugin_bindings_for_war_packaging -->
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.0</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.1</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.2.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-install-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.5.2</version>
</plugin>
<plugin>
<artifactId>maven-deploy-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.8.2</version>
</plugin>
</plugins>
</pluginManagement>
</build>
</project>
主要是在dependencies標籤中配置依賴
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>4.1.1.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>4.3.18.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>2.5</version>
</dependency>
<!--2. 持久層(mybatis)配置-->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.40</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>c3p0</groupId>
<artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
<version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>3.4.3</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<!--2. 配置完-->
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
4. 配置spring與springmvc
也就是配置項目接口能夠從網絡訪問。
配置web.xml
<!--1.配置Spring的IOC容器-->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:configure/spring-context.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!--1.完-->
<!--2.配置dispatcherServlet,並匹配所有的URL-->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:configure/spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<!--2.完-->
spring-context.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd">
<!--告訴Spring在創建容器需要掃描的包爲com.ssm-->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
spring-mvc.xml的配置
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">
<mvc:annotation-driven />
<context:component-scan base-package="com.ssm"></context:component-scan>
</beans>
編寫controller層
@RequestMapping("/user")
@Controller
public class UserController {
@Autowired
IUserService userServiceImpl = null;
@RequestMapping(value = "/login",method = RequestMethod.POST)
public void login(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws IOException {
String str = userServiceImpl.login();
response.getWriter().print(str);
}
}
編寫service層
@Service
public class UserServiceImpl implements IUserService {
@Override
public String login() {
System.out.println("This is UserServiceImpl");
return "hello World!";
}
}