設計模式的-GOF
preface to book (序言)
This book isn't an introduction to object-oriented technology or design.
這不是一本面向對象技術和設計的書。
Many books already do a good job of that.
許多書已經在這方面做了非常好的工作。（意思是如果想學習面向對象方面的技術可以看有關方面的書籍）
This book assumes you are reasonably proficient in at least one object-oriented programming language, and you should have some experience in object-oriented design as well.
我們假設你已經掌握了一門或者多門面向對象的程序語言，而且有一些面向對象的設計經驗。
You definitely shouldn't have to rush to the nearest dictionary the moment we mention "types" and "polymorphism," or "interface" as opposed to "implementation" inheritance.
這句應該怎麼翻譯？
On the other hand, this isn't an advanced technical treatise either.
另一方面，這不是一本先進技術的論文
It's a book of design patterns that describes simple and elegant solutions to specific problems in object-oriented software design.
這是一本設計模式的書，它講述面向對象的設計中遇到特定問題的通用和經典的解決方案。
Design patterns capture solutions that have developed and evolved over time.
設計模式是時間和經驗的積累。
Hence they aren't the designs people tend to generate initially.
因此，他們不是某一個設計人員的即時靈感。
They reflect untold redesign and recoding as developers have struggled for greater reuse and flexibility in their software.
他們是開發者在不斷的重構與設計中，爲了代碼重用和可擴展發展起來的。
Design patterns capture these solutions in a succinct and easily applied form.
設計模式用簡潔和易於應用的方式來記錄這些解決方案
The design patterns require neither unusual language features nor amazing programming tricks with which to astound your friends and managers.All can be implemented in standard object-oriented languages, though they might take a little more work than ad hoc solutions. But the extra effort invariably pays dividends in increased flexibility and reusability.
設計模式不用特殊的語言功能也不需要特殊的編程技巧，所有的面向對象的設計語言都可以實現，只不過有的語言可能要花費點工作量，但是這些付出的工作能夠換回設計的靈活性和複用性。
Once you understand the design patterns and have had an "Aha!" (and not just a "Huh?") experience with them, you won't ever think about object-oriented design in the same way. You'll have insights that can make your own designs more flexible, modular, reusable, and understandable—which is why you're interested in object-oriented technology in the first place, right?
一旦你瞭解了設計模式並且嘗試用他們解決問題，這時你對面向對象的設計的思考不再是同一模式，你就會使自己的設計更有靈活性，規範化，複用性和易理解性，這難道不是你對面向對象感興趣的原因嗎。
A word of warning and encouragement: Don't worry if you don't understand this book completely on the first reading. We didn't understand it all on the first writing! Remember that this isn't a book to read once and put on a shelf. We hope you'll find yourself referring to it again and again for design insights and for inspiration.
一個小小的警告：當你第一次閱讀這本書時，如果你不能很好理解這本書，這個不用害怕，我們第一寫這本書時，也不是十分理解。這不是一本閱讀一遍就被束之高閣的書，我們希望你通過在反反覆覆的閱讀中理解這些模式並能夠有所提高。
This book has had a long gestation. It has seen four countries, three of its authors' marriages, and the birth of two (unrelated) offspring. Many people have had a part in its development. Special thanks are due Bruce Anderson, Kent Beck, and André Weinand for their inspiration and advice. We also thank those who reviewed drafts of the manuscript: Roger Bielefeld, Grady Booch, Tom Cargill, Marshall Cline, Ralph Hyre, Brian Kernighan, Thomas Laliberty, Mark Lorenz, Arthur Riel, Doug Schmidt, Clovis Tondo, Steve Vinoski, and Rebecca Wirfs-Brock. We are also grateful to the team at Addison-Wesley for their help and patience: Kate Habib, Tiffany Moore, Lisa Raffaele, Pradeepa Siva, and John Wait. Special thanks to Carl Kessler, Danny Sabbah, and Mark Wegman at IBM Research for their unflagging support of this work.
這本書已經醞釀了好長時間。它已經經過四個國家三個作者的編寫兩易其稿。很多人爲這本書做出了貢獻。特別感謝 Bruce Anderson, Kent Beck, 和 André Weinand 的啓發和建議。我們也非常感謝審稿人：Roger Bielefeld, Grady Booch, Tom Cargill, Marshall Cline, Ralph Hyre, Brian Kernighan, Thomas Laliberty, Mark Lorenz, Arthur Riel, Doug Schmidt, Clovis Tondo, Steve Vinoski, 和 Rebecca Wirfs-Brock.我們也非常感謝 Addison-Wesley 團隊的幫助和支持，他們是：Kate Habib, Tiffany Moore, Lisa Raffaele, Pradeepa Siva, and John Wait. 特別感謝 Carl Kessler, Danny Sabbah, 和 IBM 研究中心的 Mark Wegman 的大力支持。
Last but certainly not least, we thank everyone on the Internet and points beyond who commented on versions of the patterns, offered encouraging words, and told us that what we were doing was worthwhile. These people include but are not limited to Jon Avotins, Steve Berczuk, Julian Berdych, Matthias Bohlen, John Brant, Allan Clarke, Paul Chisholm, Jens Coldewey, Dave Collins, Jim Coplien, Don Dwiggins, Gabriele Elia, Doug Felt, Brian Foote, Denis Fortin, Ward Harold, Hermann Hueni, Nayeem Islam, Bikramjit Kalra, Paul Keefer, Thomas Kofler, Doug Lea, Dan LaLiberte, James Long, Ann Louise Luu, Pundi Madhavan, Brian Marick, Robert Martin, Dave McComb, Carl McConnell, Christine Mingins, Hanspeter Mössenböck, Eric Newton, Marianne Ozkan, Roxsan Payette, Larry Podmolik, George Radin, Sita Ramakrishnan, Russ Ramirez, Alexander Ran, Dirk Riehle, Bryan Rosenburg, Aamod Sane, Duri Schmidt, Robert Seidl, Xin Shu, and Bill Walker.
最後，我們感謝那些通過互聯網和那些對我們的工作表示支持的人，他們使我們感覺到我們在做一些有意思的工作。這些人包括但並不僅僅這些：Jon Avotins, Steve Berczuk, Julian Berdych, Matthias Bohlen, John Brant, Allan Clarke, Paul Chisholm, Jens Coldewey, Dave Collins, Jim Coplien, Don Dwiggins, Gabriele Elia, Doug Felt, Brian Foote, Denis Fortin, Ward Harold, Hermann Hueni, Nayeem Islam, Bikramjit Kalra, Paul Keefer, Thomas Kofler, Doug Lea, Dan LaLiberte, James Long, Ann Louise Luu, Pundi Madhavan, Brian Marick, Robert Martin, Dave McComb, Carl McConnell, Christine Mingins, Hanspeter Mössenböck, Eric Newton, Marianne Ozkan, Roxsan Payette, Larry Podmolik, George Radin, Sita Ramakrishnan, Russ Ramirez, Alexander Ran, Dirk Riehle, Bryan Rosenburg, Aamod Sane, Duri Schmidt, Robert Seidl, Xin Shu, and Bill Walker.
We don't consider this collection of design patterns complete and static; it's more a recording of our current thoughts on design. We welcome comments on it, whether criticisms of our examples, references and known uses we've missed, or design patterns we should have included. You can write us care of Addison-Wesley, or send electronic mail to [email protected]. You can also obtain softcopy for the code in the Sample Code sections by sending the message "send design pattern source" to [email protected]. And now there's a Web page at http://st-www.cs.uiuc.edu/users/patterns/DPBook/DPBook.html for late-breaking information and updates.
我們並不認爲我們整理的設計模式是一成不變的，它只是我們當前思想的記錄。我們歡迎評論它，指責我們的例子，參考和我們沒有考慮到得用法或者我們應該包含的設計模式。你們可寫信或者發Email [email protected] 給我們。你也可以獲取實例中的源碼用過發消息"send design pattern source" 到 [email protected].在網站 http://st-www.cs.uiuc.edu/users/patterns/DPBook/DPBook.html 有後期的更新。
Mountain View, California E.G.
Montreal, Quebec R.H.
Urbana, Illinois R.J.
Hawthorne, New York J.V.
August 1994