探索Oracle之11g DataGuard 配置

源文地址：http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88692p2.htm

配置步驟：

一、開啓強制日誌

二、配置pri端傳輸參數

三、備份pri端數據庫

四、拷貝文件到sty端

五、配置sty端傳輸參數

六、將sty端啓動到mount狀態並恢復數據

七、在pri端應用發送歸檔日誌文件

八、在sty端開啓強制redo應用

九、配置standby日誌

十、在pri端啓動強制日誌應用

探索Oracle之11g DataGuard 概念見上一頁： http://www.linuxidc.com/Linux/2013-08/88692.htm

11gR2DG傳輸架構

圖：

DBName	Role	DB_UNIQUE_NAME	Oracle Net Service Name
Woo	Primary	Pri	PRI
Woo	Physical standby	Sty	STY

一、兩節點分別輸入如下命令開啓強制日誌模式：

SQL> startup mount;
SQL> alter database archivelog;
SQL> alter database open;
SQL> alter database force logging;

二、修改Pri端參數文件：

SQL> alter system set db_unique_name =pri scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_config= 'DG_CONFIG=(pri,sty)' scope=spfile;
SQL>alter system set log_archive_dest_1= 'LOCATION=/DBBackup/Archive VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pri' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set log_archive_dest_2= 'SERVICE=sty LGWR SYNC VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE)DB_UNIQUE_NAME=sty' scope=spfile;
SQL> alter system setlog_archive_dest_state_2 = DEFER;
alter system set fal_server=styscope=spfile;
SQL> alter system set fal_client=priscope=spfile;
SQL> alter system setstandby_file_management=AUTO scope=spfile;

三、在Pri端輸入如下命令，創建standby控制文件

SQL> alter database create standbycontrolfile as '/DBBackup/Phycal/stycontrol.ctl';

四、通過rman備份pri端數據庫

Rman>backup database format'/DBBackup/Phycal/full_db_%U';

#copy file to standby
監聽文件：listener.oratnsnames.ora
參數文件：initWoo.ora
密碼文件：orapwWoo
sty控制文件：stycontrol.ctl
全庫備份文件：full_db_*
日誌輸出目錄：$ORACLE_BASE/admin$ORACLE_BASE/diag

五、拷貝監聽文件，參數文件，密碼文件，sty端控制文件，rman備份文件，admin/目錄，diag診斷目錄，flash_recovery_area目錄，歸檔目錄到sty端用於恢復及起庫

[oracle@pri ~]$ cd$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin --拷貝監聽文件
[oracle@pri admin]$ ls
listener.ora samples shrept.lst tnsnames.ora
[oracle@pri admin]$ scp *.orasty:$ORACLE_HOME/network/admin
oracle@sty's password:
listener.ora 100% 294 0.3KB/s 00:00
tnsnames.ora 100% 669 0.7KB/s 00:00

[oracle@pri admin]$ cd $ORACLE_HOME/dbs --拷貝密碼文件及pfile參數文件
[oracle@pri dbs]$ ls
hc_DBUA0.dat hc_Woo.dat init.ora initWoo.ora lkPRI lkWOO orapwWoo snapcf_Woo.f spfileWoo.ora
[oracle@pri dbs]$ scp initWoo.ora orapwWoosty:$ORACLE_HOME/dbs
oracle@sty's password:
initWoo.ora 100% 999 1.0KB/s 00:00
orapwWoo 100% 1536 1.5KB/s 00:00

[oracle@pri dbs]$ cd /DBBackup/Phycal/ --拷貝備份文件
[oracle@pri Phycal]$ ls
full_db_01o9j16h_1_1 full_db_02o9j17b_1_1 stycontrol.ctl
[oracle@pri Phycal]$ scp full_db_0*stycontrol.ctl sty:/DBBackup/Phycal/
oracle@sty's password:
full_db_01o9j16h_1_1 100% 943MB 20.1MB/s 00:47
full_db_02o9j17b_1_1 100% 9600KB 9.4MB/s 00:01
stycontrol.ctl 100% 9520KB 9.3MB/s 00:00

[oracle@pri ~]$ cd $ORACLE_BASE --拷貝admin/，diag/，flash_recovery_area三目錄
[oracle@pri DBSoft]$ ls
admin cfgtoollogs checkpoints diag flash_recovery_area oraInventory Product
[oracle@pri DBSoft]$ scp -r admin/ diag/admin/ flash_recovery_area/ sty:$ORACLE_BASE

六、修改sty端pfile參數文件，添加和修改如下內容

vi /DBSoft/Product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initWoo.ora
*.db_unique_name=sty
*.log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pri,dg)'
*.log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/DBBackup/ArchiveVALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=sty'
*.log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pri LGWR SYNCVALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLE) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pri'
*.fal_server=pri
*.fal_client=sty
*.standby_file_management=AUTO
#*.db_file_name_convert='pri','pri'
#*.log_file_name_convert='pri','pri'
*.control_files='/DBBackup/Phycal/control01.ctl'

七、啓動sty端數據庫到mount狀態，並恢復pri端數據庫到sty端

SQL> startup mountpfile='/DBSoft/Product/11.2.0/db_1/dbs/initWoo.ora';
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes
Fixed Size 2217992 bytes
Variable Size 507512824 bytes
Database Buffers 327155712 bytes
Redo Buffers 2396160 bytes
Database mounted.
SQL> exit

[oracle@sty Phycal]$ export ORACLE_SID=Woo
[oracle@sty Phycal]$ rman target / --進入rman開始恢復數據庫

Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 -Production on Tue May 14 03:22:47 2013

Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or itsaffiliates. All rights reserved.

connected to target database: WOO(DBID=4154863782, not open)

RMAN> catalog start with'/DBBackup/Phycal/';

Starting implicit crosscheck backup at14-MAY-13
using target database control file insteadof recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=25 device type=DISK
Finished implicit crosscheck backup at14-MAY-13

Starting implicit crosscheck copy at14-MAY-13
using channel ORA_DISK_1
Finished implicit crosscheck copy at14-MAY-13

searching for all files in the recoveryarea
cataloging files...
no files cataloged

searching for all files that match thepattern /DBBackup/Phycal/

List of Files Unknown to the Database
=====================================
File Name:/DBBackup/Phycal/full_db_01o9j16h_1_1
File Name:/DBBackup/Phycal/full_db_02o9j17b_1_1

Do you really want to catalog the abovefiles (enter YES or NO)? yes
cataloging files...
cataloging done

List of Cataloged Files
=======================
File Name:/DBBackup/Phycal/full_db_01o9j16h_1_1
File Name:/DBBackup/Phycal/full_db_02o9j17b_1_1

RMAN> restore database;

Starting restore at 14-MAY-13
using target database control file insteadof recovery catalog
allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=25 device type=DISK

channel ORA_DISK_1: starting datafilebackup set restore
channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s)to restore from backup set
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile00001 to /DBData/Woo/Woo/system01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile00002 to /DBData/Woo/Woo/sysaux01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile00003 to /DBData/Woo/Woo/undotbs01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: restoring datafile00004 to /DBData/Woo/Woo/users01.dbf
channel ORA_DISK_1: reading from backuppiece /DBBackup/Phycal/full_db_01o9j16h_1_1
channel ORA_DISK_1: piecehandle=/DBBackup/Phycal/full_db_01o9j16h_1_1 tag=TAG20130514T025617
channel ORA_DISK_1: restored backup piece 1
channel ORA_DISK_1: restore complete,elapsed time: 00:00:13
Finished restore at 14-MAY-13

RMAN> ---至此恢復工作已經完成

八、在pri端應用接受歸檔日誌文件

SQL> ALTER SYSTEM SETLOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_2=ENABLE;

System altered.

九、再sty上啓動日誌應用

SQL> alter database recover managedstandby database disconnect from session;

Database altered.

十、在sty端配置standby 日誌，並使其進入active狀態生效，通常需要重啓一遍備庫：

SQL> alter database add standby logfile
group 4 ('/DBData/Woo/Woo/styredo04.log')size 50m,
group 5 ('/DBData/Woo/Woo/styredo05.log')size 50m,
group 6 ('/DBData/Woo/Woo/styredo06.log')size 50m,
group 7 ('/DBData/Woo/Woo/styredo07.log')size 50m;

SQL> SELECTGROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
4 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
5 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
6 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
7 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED

SQL> shutdown immediate
Database closed.
Database dismounted.
ORACLE instance shut down.
SQL> startup
ORACLE instance started.

Total System Global Area 839282688 bytes
Fixed Size 2217992 bytes
Variable Size 507512824 bytes
Database Buffers 327155712 bytes
Redo Buffers 2396160 bytes
Database mounted.
Database opened.
SQL> SELECTGROUP#,THREAD#,SEQUENCE#,ARCHIVED,STATUS FROM V$STANDBY_LOG;

GROUP# THREAD# SEQUENCE# ARC STATUS
---------- ---------- ---------- -------------
4 1 11 YES ACTIVE
5 1 0 NO UNASSIGNED
6 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED
7 0 0 YES UNASSIGNED

SQL>

十一、在pri端啓動redo應用

SQL> recover managed standby database usingcurrent logfile disconnect from session;

查看DG數據保護模式：

SQL> select protection_mode,protection_level from v$database;

PROTECTION_MODE PROTECTION_LEVEL
-------------------- --------------------
MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE MAXIMUM PERFORMANCE

附錄：

十二、需修改添加的參數介紹:

角色	參數名稱	介紹
Pri	DB_NAME	數據庫名稱，primary端和standby端相同
	DB_UNIQUE_NAMEDB_UNIQUE_NAME	指定唯一名稱，區別pri 端和 sty端
	LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG	指定DG的全局日誌配置，包含所有數據庫的名稱，及歸檔路徑
	CONTROL_FILES	控制文件路徑及名稱
	LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n	指定主備庫的歸檔路徑
	LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_STATE_n	配置是否允許通過redo進行日誌傳輸及路徑
	REMOTE_LOGIN_PASSWORDFILE	配置遠程登陸模式，是否獨享還是共享
	LOG_ARCHIVE_FORMAT	配置歸檔日誌文件存儲格式規範
	LOG_ARCHIVE_MAX_PROCESS=integer	配置歸檔進程數量，默認爲4
	FAL_SERVER	配置服務器角色
	DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT	配置數據庫數據文件轉換，用在主備庫數據文件路徑不一致
	LOG_FILE_NAME,_CONVERT	配置數據庫redo日誌文件轉換，用在主備庫redo日誌文件路徑不一致
	STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT	配置備庫是否同步主庫的表空間添加或數據文件添加。
sty	DB_UNIQUE_NAME	指定唯一名稱，區別pri 端和 sty端
	CONTROL_FILES	控制文件路徑及名稱
	DB_FILE_NAME,_CONVERT	配置數據庫數據文件轉換，用在主備庫數據文件路徑不一致
	LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT	配置數據庫數據文件轉換，用在主備庫數據文件路徑不一致
	LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n	指定主備庫的歸檔路徑
	FAL_SERVERS	配置服務器角色

十三、監聽信息:

listener.ora
[oracle@sty admin]$ cat listener.ora
# listener.ora Network Configuration File:/DBSoft/Product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

SID_LIST_LISTENER =
(SID_LIST =
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)
(ORACLE_HOME = /DBSoft/Product/11.2.0/db_1)
(PROGRAM = extproc)
)
(SID_DESC =
(SID_NAME = Woo )
(ORACLE_HOME = /DBSoft/Product/11.2.0/db_1)
)
)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
[oracle@sty admin]$cat tnsname.ora
# tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File:/DBSoft/Product/11.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora
# Generated by Oracle configuration tools.

STY =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.7.102)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = woo)
)
)

PRI =
(DESCRIPTION =
(ADDRESS_LIST =
(ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 192.168.7.101)(PORT = 1521))
)
(CONNECT_DATA =
(SERVICE_NAME = woo)
)
)

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