Android動畫總結 (valueAnimator、objectAnimator、AnimatorSet、PropertyValuesHolder、Interpolator)

參考官方文檔:https://developer.android.com/guide/topics/graphics/prop-animation#api-overview

概述

筆者近期接觸到android動畫,將諸多概念都稍微整理了一下。
一方面做一個知識的記錄,另一方面也給剛接觸android動畫的初學者一個參考。

主要內容

  1. ValueAnimator
  2. ObjectAnimator(包括AnimatorSet,PropertyValuesHolder)
  3. AnimatorSet 和 PropertyValuesHolder
  4. 插值器(Interpolator)

valueAnimator

valueAnimator可以控制某個值的變化,通過在值變化的同時刷新View來實現動畫。
下面的例子是實現TextView中值的刷新:

        ValueAnimator valueAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofInt(0, 1000);
        valueAnimator.setDuration(5000);
        valueAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                tv1.setText(animation.getAnimatedValue() + "");
            }
        });
        valueAnimator.start();

ObjectAnimator

ObjectAnimator可以對某個View執行屬性動畫,常見的屬性動畫有旋轉,平移,縮放等。
ObjectAnimator一般是配合着AnimatorSet或者PropertyValuesHolder使用,demo如下,以下兩塊代碼實現的是同一種效果:“btn先放大後縮小”。

屬性動畫有以下幾種:(來自官方文檔)

  • translationX,translationY:從當前位置開始平移
  • rotation, rotationX, rotationY:旋轉
  • scaleX , scaleY:縮放
  • pivotX , pivotY:旋轉和縮放的參照點,默認是View的中心
  • x , y:平移到當前容器的某個絕對位置
  • alpha:透明度
		/*
          ObjectAnimator + PropertyValuesHolder
         */
        PropertyValuesHolder xHolder = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleX", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        PropertyValuesHolder yHolder = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleY", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        ObjectAnimator objectAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(btn0, xHolder, yHolder);
        objectAnimator.setDuration(3000);
        objectAnimator.start();

        /*
         * ObjectAnimator + AnimatorSet
         */
        ObjectAnimator anim1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btn1, "scaleX", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        ObjectAnimator anim2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btn1, "scaleY", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        final AnimatorSet animatorSet = new AnimatorSet();
        animatorSet.play(anim1);
        animatorSet.play(anim2).with(anim1);
        animatorSet.setDuration(3000);
        animatorSet.start();

AnimatorSet 和 PropertyValuesHolder

PropertyValuesHolder:

適合在實現“單個View連續動畫”的情況下使用,使用AnimatorSet在一些情況下會比PropertyValuesHolder複雜一些。
比如要實現View的循環播放,使用PropertyValuesHolder實現的代碼如下:

		objectAnimator.setRepeatCount(-1);

使用AnimatorSet實現的代碼如下:

		animatorSet.addListener(new Animator.AnimatorListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
                if (animatorSet != null) {
                    animatorSet.start();
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animation) {

            }
        });

AnimatorSet

適合在動畫比較複雜的情況下使用,比如有多個View的動畫需要同時進行或者交替進行,這種情況使用PropertyValuesHolder是很難實現的。
再比如,對於同一個View的動畫不連續的情況,PropertyValuesHolder也比較難實現,或者說實現更加複雜。
demo中,View執行完平移之後再執行縮放邏輯。

		ObjectAnimator anim11 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(tv2, "translationX", 200);
        ObjectAnimator anim22 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(tv2, "scaleX", 1, 1.5f, 1f);
        ObjectAnimator anim33 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(tv2, "scaleY", 1, 1.5f, 1f);
        final AnimatorSet animatorSet2 = new AnimatorSet();
        animatorSet2.play(anim11);
        animatorSet2.play(anim22).after(anim11);
        animatorSet2.play(anim33).with(anim22);
        animatorSet2.setDuration(3000);
        animatorSet2.start();

插值器(Interpolator)

插值器可以控制動畫變化的速率,設置非常簡單,代碼如下:

        ValueAnimator valueAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofInt(0, 1000);
        valueAnimator.setDuration(5000);
        valueAnimator.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());//設置插值器
        valueAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                tv1.setText(animation.getAnimatedValue() + "");
            }
        });
        valueAnimator.start();

插值器類型:(來自官方文檔)

  • AccelerateDecelerateInterpolator:開始和結束的時候慢,中間快
  • AccelerateInterpolator:開始的時候慢,然後加速
  • AnticipateInterpolator:開始先後退,然後向前
  • AnticipateOvershootInterpolator: 開始先後退,然向前到超標,最後回到最終值
  • BounceInterpolator :最後會反彈
  • CycleInterpolator:動畫會重複一定的週期數
  • DecelerateInterpolator:開始快,然後減速
  • LinearInterpolator:變化勻速
  • OvershootInterpolator:到達最終值後超標,再回到最終值
  • TimeInterpolator:用來自定義插值器

demo代碼:

public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {

    @Override
    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        LinearLayout linearLayout = new LinearLayout(this);
        linearLayout.setOrientation(LinearLayout.VERTICAL);
        setContentView(linearLayout);

        // test View
        final TextView tv1 = new TextView(this);
        tv1.setText(0 + "");
        tv1.setTextSize(30);
        linearLayout.addView(tv1);
        final Button btn0 = new Button(this);
        btn0.setText("btn0");
        linearLayout.addView(btn0);
        final Button btn1 = new Button(this);
        btn1.setText("btn1");
        linearLayout.addView(btn1);
        final TextView tv2 = new TextView(this);
        tv2.setText("tv2");
        tv2.setTextSize(30);
        linearLayout.addView(tv2);
        final Button btn2 = new Button(this);
        btn2.setText("btn2");
        linearLayout.addView(btn2);
        final Button btn3 = new Button(this);
        btn3.setText("btn3");
        linearLayout.addView(btn3);


        /*
         * ValueAnimator  +時間插值器演示
         */
        ValueAnimator valueAnimator = ValueAnimator.ofInt(0, 1000);
        valueAnimator.setDuration(5000);
        valueAnimator.setInterpolator(new DecelerateInterpolator());//設置插值器
        valueAnimator.addUpdateListener(new ValueAnimator.AnimatorUpdateListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationUpdate(ValueAnimator animation) {
                tv1.setText(animation.getAnimatedValue() + "");
            }
        });
        valueAnimator.start();

        /*
          ObjectAnimator + PropertyValuesHolder
         */
        PropertyValuesHolder xHolder = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleX", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        PropertyValuesHolder yHolder = PropertyValuesHolder.ofFloat("scaleY", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        ObjectAnimator objectAnimator = ObjectAnimator.ofPropertyValuesHolder(btn0, xHolder, yHolder);
        objectAnimator.setDuration(3000);
//        objectAnimator.setRepeatCount(-1);
        objectAnimator.start();

        /*
         * ObjectAnimator + AnimatorSet
         */
        ObjectAnimator anim1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btn1, "scaleX", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        ObjectAnimator anim2 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(btn1, "scaleY", 1, 1.5f, 0.8f, 1);
        final AnimatorSet animatorSet = new AnimatorSet();
        animatorSet.play(anim1);
        animatorSet.play(anim2).with(anim1);
        animatorSet.setDuration(3000);
        animatorSet.addListener(new Animator.AnimatorListener() {
            @Override
            public void onAnimationStart(Animator animation) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onAnimationEnd(Animator animation) {
                if (animatorSet != null) {
                    animatorSet.start();
                }
            }

            @Override
            public void onAnimationCancel(Animator animation) {

            }

            @Override
            public void onAnimationRepeat(Animator animation) {

            }
        });
        animatorSet.start();

        /*
         * ObjectAnimator + AnimatorSet
         */
        ObjectAnimator anim11 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(tv2, "translationX", 200);
        ObjectAnimator anim22 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(tv2, "scaleX", 1, 1.5f, 1f);
        ObjectAnimator anim33 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(tv2, "scaleY", 1, 1.5f, 1f);
        final AnimatorSet animatorSet2 = new AnimatorSet();
        animatorSet2.play(anim11);
        animatorSet2.play(anim22).after(anim11);
        animatorSet2.play(anim33).with(anim22);
        animatorSet2.setDuration(3000);
        animatorSet2.start();

    }

}
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