Ubuntu18.04安裝OpenCV3.4.6到conda虛擬環境下

1.去http://opencv.org/releases.html下載，選擇3.4.6 sources版本
2.創建名爲caffe-ssd虛擬環境(使用python3.6,順便安裝numpy):

conda create -n caffe-ssd python=3.6 numpy

3.激活虛擬環境:

source activate caffe-ssd

4.安裝opencv所需的依賴

sudo apt-get update
 
sudo apt-get upgrade
 
sudo apt-get install build-essential cmake pkg-config libatlas-base-dev gfortran unzip
 
sudo apt install python-pip
 
pip install numpy



#可選擇安裝
sudo apt-get install build-essential
sudo apt-get install cmake git libgtk2.0-dev pkg-config libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev
sudo apt-get install python-dev python-numpy libtbb2 libtbb-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev libtiff5-dev libdc1394-22-dev         # 處>理圖像所需的包
sudo apt-get install libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libswscale-dev libv4l-dev liblapacke-dev
sudo apt-get install libxvidcore-dev libx264-dev         # 處理視頻所需的包
sudo apt-get install libatlas-base-dev gfortran          # 優化opencv功能
sudo apt-get install ffmpeg
sudo apt-get install cmake #如果已經安裝過cmake，則該步驟省略
sudo apt-get install build-essential libgtk2.0-dev libgtk-3-dev libavcodec-dev libavformat-dev libjpeg-dev libswscale-dev libtiff5-dev
# python3支持
sudo apt install python3-dev python3-numpy
# streamer支持
sudo apt install libgstreamer-plugins-base1.0-dev libgstreamer1.0-dev
# 可選的依賴
sudo apt install libpng-dev libopenexr-dev libtiff-dev libwebp-dev

5.編譯安裝opencv,解壓剛纔下載的包

unzip opencv-3.4.6.zip

cd opencv-3.4.6

mkdir build && cd build

#這步中的CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX是安裝路徑，默認的可以是/usr/local，也可以像我一樣裝在conda的虛擬環境下，PYTHON_EXECUTABLE是用到的python，可以在命令行中輸入which python查看用到的是哪個python(替換成你自己虛擬環境中的python)
cmake -D CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -D CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/home/abc/anaconda3/envs/caffe-ssd -D PYTHON_EXECUTABLE=/home/abc/anaconda3/envs/caffe-ssd/bin/python -D BUILD_EXAMPLES=ON -D BUILD_SHARED_LIBS=ON ..

make -j20
 
#如果前面CMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX選擇的是/usr/local，這裏需改爲sudo make install
make install 

6、驗證安裝是否成功

 python
>>> import cv2
>>> cv2.__version__
'3.4.6'