引言:ssm框架作爲現在比較流行的一種框架被廣泛使用,但搭建過程中難免出現很多錯誤,讓一些初學者很頭疼。
環境:eclipse、 jdk1.8、tomcat9.0、mysql5.7
一、eclipse下創建maven工程的web項目
1、項目架構
2、創建maven工程,點擊File創建maven project,都勾上,直接next
3、groupId是包名,artifactId是項目明,packging我們選war,然後next,這個命名隨意。
4、創建成功後,我們看到以下的目錄,項目名稱報錯,我們把src/test/java和src/test/resources刪除掉。
5、右擊項目點擊properties或點擊Windows裏的preference,找到Project Facets選項,
5
6、我們把Dynamic Web Module的對號去掉,點擊apply
6、
7、點擊apply之後,再勾選上Dynamic Web Module,出現下面的Futher configuration avaible。。。點擊它
8、會彈出一個對話框、我們把WebContent改爲webapp,然後點擊ok,再點擊原來那個界面的apply。
9、點擊apply之後,會發現左側的ssm-o2o的錯誤信息沒了,記得把兩個沒用的src/test/java和src/test/resource刪除掉。
10、 把那個兩個src/test/java和src/test/resource刪除掉,之後再ssm-o2o下創建一個src/main/test,方便我們以後做測試,當然你不想建也可以,到時候再src/main/java下創建一個test的包即可。
11、創建好之後、我們把webapp的WEB-INF下的lib這個文件夾改魏views,方便以後做視圖層,到此maven的web工程創建完畢。
二、maven工程整合mybatis和spring
1、創建數據庫o2o,創建數據庫表user,並任意添加一條數據。比如liqz,123456
2、依次創建以下包名、並且再src/man/resouce下建以下名稱的空txt和xml文件、以及一個showUser.jsp
3、配置pom文件,注意前提一定要裝maven的apache-maven環境,推薦3.5.0以上版本,如果你的pom文件加載過慢,在你的setting.xml里加上阿里雲的鏡像,這樣你的下載的速度就很快,如果下載速度很慢,說明你沒有配置好,在你的本地maven的conf包setting.xml的mirrors里加上這段鏡像,這樣下載速度就很快,另外打開windwos裏的preferences選項裏Maven,記得配置本地的maven環境,這個也是比較複雜的,具體我就不再詳解了。
<mirrors>
<mirror>
<id>aliyun</id>
<name>aliyun Maven</name>
<mirrorOf>*</mirrorOf>
<url>http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public</url>
</mirror>
</mirrors>
4、配置pom文件,下載jar包,反正我的是很快的,幾秒鐘就全下好了,如果你的還在慢悠悠下載,那我建議你還是先配置好鏡像吧,負責進行下一步很難。
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
<groupId>cn.shcool</groupId>
<artifactId>ssm-o2o</artifactId>
<version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
<packaging>war</packaging>
<properties>
<!-- spring版本號 -->
<spring.version>4.0.2.RELEASE</spring.version>
<!-- mybatis版本號 -->
<mybatis.version>3.2.6</mybatis.version>
<!-- log4j日誌文件管理包版本 -->
<slf4j.version>1.7.7</slf4j.version>
<log4j.version>1.2.17</log4j.version>
</properties>
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>junit</groupId>
<artifactId>junit</artifactId>
<version>4.11</version>
<!-- 表示開發的時候引入,發佈的時候不會加載此包 -->
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- spring核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-core</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-oxm</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis核心包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
<version>${mybatis.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mybatis/spring包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
<artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入java ee jar 包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax</groupId>
<artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId>
<version>7.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入Mysql數據庫鏈接jar包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>5.1.30</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 導入dbcp的jar包,用來在applicationContext.xml中配置數據庫 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-dbcp</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-dbcp</artifactId>
<version>1.2.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- JSTL標籤類 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>jstl</groupId>
<artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 日誌文件管理包 -->
<!-- log start -->
<dependency>
<groupId>log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j</artifactId>
<version>${log4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 格式化對象,方便輸出日誌 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>fastjson</artifactId>
<version>1.1.41</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-log4j12</artifactId>
<version>${slf4j.version}</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log end -->
<!-- 映入JSON -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId>
<artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId>
<version>1.9.13</version>
</dependency>
<!-- 上傳組件包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId>
<version>1.3.1</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-io</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
<version>2.4</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
<version>1.9</version>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
</project>
5、配置web.xml,把代碼拷貝過去即可,記得保存。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"
version="3.0">
<display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>
<!-- Spring和mybatis的配置文件 -->
<context-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mybatis.xml</param-value>
</context-param>
<!-- 編碼過濾器 -->
<filter>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
<init-param>
<param-name>encoding</param-name>
<param-value>UTF-8</param-value>
</init-param>
</filter>
<filter-mapping>
<filter-name>encodingFilter</filter-name>
<url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
</filter-mapping>
<!-- Spring監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- 防止Spring內存溢出監聽器 -->
<listener>
<listener-class>org.springframework.web.util.IntrospectorCleanupListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<!-- Spring MVC servlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring-mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
<async-supported>true</async-supported>
</servlet>
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>
<!-- 此處可以可以配置成*.do,對應struts的後綴習慣 -->
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
<welcome-file-list>
<welcome-file>/index.jsp</welcome-file>
</welcome-file-list>
</web-app>
6、配置jdbc.properties文件、把數據庫和你的用戶密碼改成你的。
driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/o2o?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8
username=root
password=123456
initialSize=0
maxActive=20
maxIdle=20
minIdle=1
maxWait=60000
7、配置logj4.properties文件,這個是打印日誌用的。
log4j.rootLogger=INFO,Console,File
log4j.appender.Console=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender
log4j.appender.Console.Target=System.out
log4j.appender.Console.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.Console.layout.ConversionPattern=[%c] - %m%n
log4j.appender.File = org.apache.log4j.RollingFileAppender
log4j.appender.File.File = logs/ssm.log
log4j.appender.File.MaxFileSize = 10MB
log4j.appender.File.Threshold = ALL
log4j.appender.File.layout = org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout
log4j.appender.File.layout.ConversionPattern =[%p] [%d{yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss}][%c]%m%n
8、配置spring-mvc.xml文件,注意換成你的包名。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 自動掃描該包,使SpringMVC認爲包下用了@controller註解的類是控制器 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.school.controller" />
<!--避免IE執行AJAX時,返回JSON出現下載文件 -->
<bean id="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter"
class="org.springframework.http.converter.json.MappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter">
<property name="supportedMediaTypes">
<list>
<value>text/html;charset=UTF-8</value>
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 啓動SpringMVC的註解功能,完成請求和註解POJO的映射 -->
<bean
class="org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter">
<property name="messageConverters">
<list>
<ref bean="mappingJacksonHttpMessageConverter" /> <!-- JSON轉換器 -->
</list>
</property>
</bean>
<!-- 定義跳轉的文件的前後綴 ,視圖模式配置-->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<!-- 這裏的配置我的理解是自動給後面action的方法return的字符串加上前綴和後綴,變成一個 可用的url地址 -->
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" />
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp" />
</bean>
<!-- 配置文件上傳,如果沒有使用文件上傳可以不用配置,當然如果不配,那麼配置文件中也不必引入上傳組件包 -->
<bean id="multipartResolver"
class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver">
<!-- 默認編碼 -->
<property name="defaultEncoding" value="utf-8" />
<!-- 文件大小最大值 -->
<property name="maxUploadSize" value="10485760000" />
<!-- 內存中的最大值 -->
<property name="maxInMemorySize" value="40960" />
</bean>
</beans>
9、配置spring-mybatis.xml文件,記着改包名。
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc
http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsd">
<!-- 自動掃描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="cn.school" />
<!-- 引入配置文件 -->
<bean id="propertyConfigurer"
class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertyPlaceholderConfigurer">
<property name="location" value="classpath:jdbc.properties" />
</bean>
<bean id="dataSource" class="org.apache.commons.dbcp.BasicDataSource"
destroy-method="close">
<property name="driverClassName" value="${driver}" />
<property name="url" value="${url}" />
<property name="username" value="${username}" />
<property name="password" value="${password}" />
<!-- 初始化連接大小 -->
<property name="initialSize" value="${initialSize}"></property>
<!-- 連接池最大數量 -->
<property name="maxActive" value="${maxActive}"></property>
<!-- 連接池最大空閒 -->
<property name="maxIdle" value="${maxIdle}"></property>
<!-- 連接池最小空閒 -->
<property name="minIdle" value="${minIdle}"></property>
<!-- 獲取連接最大等待時間 -->
<property name="maxWait" value="${maxWait}"></property>
</bean>
<!-- spring和MyBatis完美整合,不需要mybatis的配置映射文件 -->
<bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
<!-- 自動掃描mapping.xml文件 -->
<property name="mapperLocations" value="classpath:cn/school/mapping/*.xml"></property>
</bean>
<!-- DAO接口所在包名,Spring會自動查找其下的類 -->
<bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
<property name="basePackage" value="cn.school.dao" />
<property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"></property>
</bean>
<!-- (事務管理)transaction manager, use JtaTransactionManager for global tx -->
<bean id="transactionManager"
class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
<property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />
</bean>
</beans>
10、創建User實體類
package cn.school.model;
public class User {
private Integer userid;
public Integer getUserid() {
return userid;
}
public void setUserid(Integer userid) {
this.userid = userid;
}
public String getUsername() {
return username;
}
public void setUsername(String username) {
this.username = username;
}
public String getPassword() {
return password;
}
public void setPassword(String password) {
this.password = password;
}
private String username;
private String password;
}
11、寫UserDao接口
User selectById(int userid);
12、寫實現類UserService,有人喜歡用Autowired,這個也是可以的額。
package cn.school.service;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;
import cn.school.dao.UserDao;
import cn.school.model.User;
@Service
public class UserService implements UserDao{
@Resource
UserDao userDao;
@Override
public User selectById(int userid) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
return userDao.selectById(userid);
}
}
13、編寫UserMapper.xml文件,注意改成你的包名
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="cn.shcool.dao.UserDao">
<resultMap id="BaseResultMap" type="cn.school.model.User">
<id column="userid" jdbcType="INTEGER" property="userid" />
<result column="username" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="username" />
<result column="password" jdbcType="VARCHAR" property="password" />
</resultMap>
<select id="selectById" parameterType="cn.school.model.User" resultMap="BaseResultMap">
select * from User
where userid=#{userid,jdbcType=INTEGER}
</select>
</mapper>
14、編寫單元測試,我們再src/main/test裏建一個TestMybatis的測試類,或者你在cn.school.test建也可以。
package com.shcool.testMbatis;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import org.apache.log4j.Logger;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.shcool.model.User;
import com.shcool.service.UserService;
@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) //表示繼承了SpringJUnit4ClassRunner類
@ContextConfiguration(locations = {"classpath:spring-mybatis.xml"})
public class TestMbatis {
private static Logger logger = Logger.getLogger(TestMbatis.class);
@Resource
private UserService userService = null;
@Test
public void test() {
User user = userService.getUserById(1);
System.out.println(user.getUsername());
logger.info(JSON.toJSONString(user));
}
}
15、我們點擊方法test右擊run as 進行junit Test,我們可以看到,單元測試是成功的。下面打印出了liqz也就是我。
16、編寫UserController.
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import cn.school.model.User;
import cn.school.service.UserService;
@Controller
@RequestMapping("/user")
public class UserController {
@Resource
private UserService userService;
@RequestMapping("/showUser")
public String toIndex(HttpServletRequest request,Model model){
int userId = Integer.parseInt(request.getParameter("userid"));
User user = this.userService.selectById(userId);
model.addAttribute("user", user);
return "showUser";
}
}
17、編寫showUser.jsp,我們做一個測試。
<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"
pageEncoding="utf-8"%>
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>
${user.username}
${user.password}
</body>
</html>
18、然後部署項目、我們點擊server裏的add和remove,添加到右側,說明部署到服務器了,然後finsh再點擊start,
18、 最後我們在谷歌瀏覽器裏輸入localhost:8080/ssm-o2o/user/showUser?userid=1
稍後我把項目上傳到github上
https://github.com/1728608455/ssm-curd