【iOS】iBeacon使用

1、簡介

iBeacon設備是基於藍牙進行廣播的，通過發送廣播信號，附近的用戶當進入到設備附近的範圍區域，即可通過手機與之交互。在iOS開發中，要讓iBeacon設備與手機交互開發不是使用CoreBlueTooth庫提供的API，而是CoreLocation庫，具體來說用的類有CLLocationManager、CLBeaconRegion和CLBeacon類。

2、開發要點

• 用戶權限

       開發iBeacon，需要用戶開啓定位權限，在筆者實際試驗中發現，用戶必須開啓“始終”權限。用戶選擇：“永不”和“在使用期間”都不行。具體代碼是調用：requestAlwaysAuthorization方法

常用流程

• 初始化CLLocationManager對象

- (CLLocationManager *)locationManager
{
    if (!_locationManager) {
        _locationManager = [[CLLocationManager alloc] init];
        _locationManager.delegate = self;
    }
    
    return _locationManager;
}

• 初始化CLBeaconRegion對象，並且開啓區域掃描

CLBeaconRegion *beaconRegion = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithProximityUUID:[[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:self.regionDictionary[key]] identifier:key];
        // 調用startMonitoringForRegion後，
        // 將執行代理方法；locationManager：didStartMonitoringForRegion
        [self.locationManager startMonitoringForRegion:beaconRegion];

• 掃描後依次執行下面的代碼方法。

用戶調用requestStateForRegion後，就可以獲取掃描區域的狀態

#pragma mark - CLLocationMangerDelegate - ibeacom
- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didStartMonitoringForRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    // 調用requestStateForRegion後將執行代理方法：
    // locationManager:didDetermineState:forRegion
    [manager requestStateForRegion:region];
}


- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didDetermineState:(CLRegionState)state forRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    if ([region isKindOfClass:[CLBeaconRegion class]] && state == CLRegionStateInside) {
        [self locationManager:manager didEnterRegion:region];
    }
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didEnterRegion:(CLRegion *)region{
    // when devie enter region
    NSLog(@"didEnterRegion--->%@",region);
    if (region.identifier.length != 0) {
        if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
//            CLBeaconRegion *beaconRegion = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithUUID:[[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:self.regionDictionary[region.identifier]] identifier:region.identifier];
//            [self.locationManager startRangingBeaconsInRegion:beaconRegion];
        } else {
            // Fallback on earlier versions
        }
    }
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didExitRegion:(CLRegion *)region
{
    // when devie leave region
    NSLog(@"didExitRegion--->%@",region);
    if (region.identifier.length != 0) {
        if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
//            CLBeaconRegion *beaconRegion = [[CLBeaconRegion alloc] initWithUUID:[[NSUUID alloc] initWithUUIDString:self.regionDictionary[region.identifier]] identifier:region.identifier];
//            [self.locationManager stopRangingBeaconsInRegion:beaconRegion];
        } else {
            // Fallback on earlier versions
        }
        
    }
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didRangeBeacons:(NSArray<CLBeacon *> *)beacons inRegion:(CLBeaconRegion *)region{
    
    if (beacons.count>0) {
        NSString *scanRst = @"";
        self.myBeacon = beacons.firstObject;
        if (@available(iOS 13.0, *)) {
//            scanRst = self.myBeacon.UUID.UUIDString;
//            NSLog(@"UUID:%@,major:%@,minor:%@",
//                  self.myBeacon.UUID.UUIDString,self.myBeacon.major,self.myBeacon.minor);
        } else {
            // Fallback on earlier versions
            scanRst = self.myBeacon.proximityUUID.UUIDString;
            NSLog(@"UUID:%@,major:%@,minor:%@",
                  self.myBeacon.proximityUUID.UUIDString,self.myBeacon.major,self.myBeacon.minor);
        }
    }
}

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager monitoringDidFailForRegion:(CLRegion *)region withError:(NSError *)error
{
    
}

上面的註釋描述了獲取iBeacon設備的UUID.APP獲取到UUID後進行一些業務的處理。

另外，APP可以通過下面的代理方法獲取用戶權限的變化。

- (void)locationManager:(CLLocationManager *)manager didChangeAuthorizationStatus:(CLAuthorizationStatus)status
{
    switch (status) {
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined:
            NSLog(@"kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined");
            break;
            
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusRestricted:
            NSLog(@"kCLAuthorizationStatusNotDetermined");
            break;
            
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied:
            NSLog(@"kCLAuthorizationStatusDenied");
            break;
            
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways:
            NSLog(@"kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedAlways");
            break;
            
        case kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse:
            NSLog(@"kCLAuthorizationStatusAuthorizedWhenInUse");
            break;
            
        default:
            break;
    }
}