spring+struts(第一種方案)

集成原理：在Action中取得BeanFactory,通過BeanFactory取得業務邏輯對象，調用業務邏輯方法。

一,新建一個項目Spring_Struts_01

二,步驟

1、spring和Struts的依賴包配置

*Struts

（1）拷貝Struts和jstl的依賴包

（2）在web.xml文件中配置ActionServlet

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appversion="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <servlet>
   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
     <param-name>config</param-name>
     <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
     <param-name>debug</param-name>
      <param-value>2</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
     <param-name>detail</param-name>
      <param-value>2</param-value>
    </init-param>
   <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
 
  <!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping-->
  <servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 
</web-app></span>

（3）提供struts-config.xml文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPEstruts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache SoftwareFoundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
 
<struts-config>
 
</struts-config></span>

（4）提供國際化支持，提供缺省的國際化資源文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"># -- standard errors--
errors.header=<UL>
errors.prefix=<LI>
errors.suffix=</LI>
errors.footer=</UL>
# -- validator --
errors.invalid={0}is invalid.
errors.maxlength={0}can not be greater than {1} characters.
errors.minlength={0}can not be less than {1} characters.
errors.range={0} isnot in the range {1} through {2}.
errors.required={0}is required.
errors.byte={0} mustbe an byte.
errors.date={0} isnot a date.
errors.double={0}must be an double.
errors.float={0}must be an float.
errors.integer={0}must be an integer.
errors.long={0} mustbe an long.
errors.short={0}must be an short.
errors.creditcard={0}is not a valid credit card number.
errors.email={0} isan invalid e-mail address.
# -- other --
errors.cancel=Operationcancelled.
errors.detail={0}
errors.general=Theprocess did not complete. Details should follow.
errors.token=Requestcould not be completed. Operation is not in sequence.
# -- welcome --
welcome.title=StrutsBlank Application
welcome.heading=Welcome!
welcome.message=Toget started on your own application, copy the struts-blank.war to a new WARfile using the name for your application. Place it in your container's"webapp" folder (or equivalent), and let your container auto-deploythe application. Edit the skeleton configuration files as needed, restart yourcontainer, and you are on your way! (You can find the application.propertiesfile with this message in the /WEB-INF/src/java/resources folder.)</span>

*Spring

（1）拷貝spring相關依賴包

（2）提供spring配置文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">
 
</beans></span>

2，在web.xml文件中配置ContextLoaderListener（作用：讓web Server在啓動時將BeanFactory放到ServletContext中）

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-appversion="2.5"
xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee
http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">
  <servlet>
   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
   <servlet-class>org.apache.struts.action.ActionServlet</servlet-class>
    <init-param>
     <param-name>config</param-name>
     <param-value>/WEB-INF/struts-config.xml</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
     <param-name>debug</param-name>
      <param-value>2</param-value>
    </init-param>
    <init-param>
     <param-name>detail</param-name>
      <param-value>2</param-value>
    </init-param>
   <load-on-startup>2</load-on-startup>
  </servlet>
 
 
  <!-- Standard Action Servlet Mapping-->
  <servlet-mapping>
   <servlet-name>action</servlet-name>
    <url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern>
  </servlet-mapping>
 
  <context-param>
      <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
      <param-value>classpath:applicationContext-*.xml</param-value>
  </context-param>
 <!--添加啓動Spring監聽器-->
  <listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
  </listener>
</web-app></span>

注：使用listener配置beanfactory，將其初始化交給servlet，使其維持在ServletContext中，節省資源。Listener初始化早於Servlet

3，在Action中採用WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext()從ServletContext中取得BeanFactory

4，通過BeanFactory從IOC容器中取得業務邏輯對象

存在缺點：

因爲Action中存在依賴查找，所以Action依賴於Spring的API

進一步瞭解依賴查找和依賴注入，在同一個jvm中可以依賴注入，不同jvm中不可以依賴注入

三，代碼示例

一個簡單的用戶登錄示例，沒有持久層

客戶端：

1,jsp

(1)index.jsp主頁面

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><%@ pagelanguage="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=GB18030">
<title>Inserttitle here</title>
</head>
<body>
   <h1>Spring+Struts(第一種集成方案)</h1>
   <hr>
   <ahref="login.jsp">登錄</a>
</body>
</html></span>

(2)login.jsp登錄頁面

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><%@ pagelanguage="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=GB18030">
<title>Inserttitle here</title>
</head>
<body>
   <form action="login.do"method="post" >
     用戶：<input type="text"name="username"><br>
    密碼：<input type="text"name="password"><br>
    <input type="submit" value="登錄">
</form>
</body>
</html></span>

(3)login_success.jsp登錄成功後的跳轉頁面

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><%@ pagelanguage="java" contentType="text/html; charset=GB18030"
    pageEncoding="GB18030"%>
<!DOCTYPE htmlPUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
<html>
<head>
<metahttp-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;charset=GB18030">
<title>Inserttitle here</title>
</head>
<body>
  韓學敏，登錄成功！！
</body>
</html></span>

服務端

2(1)，ActionForm獲取表單數據

loginActionForm.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms;
 
importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
 
public classloginActionForm extends ActionForm {
    private String username;
    private String password;
    public String getUsername() {
returnusername;
}
publicvoid setUsername(String username) {
this.username= username;
}
publicString getPassword() {
returnpassword;
}
publicvoid setPassword(String password) {
this.password= password;
}
 
}</span>

2(2)，Action

LoginAction.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions;
 
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
importjavax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
 
importorg.apache.struts.action.Action;
importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForm;
importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionForward;
importorg.apache.struts.action.ActionMapping;
importorg.springframework.beans.factory.BeanFactory;
importorg.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
importorg.springframework.web.context.support.WebApplicationContextUtils;
 
importcom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserManager;
importcom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserMangerImpl;
importcom.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.loginActionForm;
 
public classLoginAction extends Action {
 
@Override
publicActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form,
HttpServletRequestrequest, HttpServletResponse response)
throwsException {
//從LoginActionForm拿數據
loginActionFormlaf=(loginActionForm)form;
String username=laf.getUsername();//獲取用戶名
String password =laf.getPassword();//獲取密碼
 
/*UserManageruserManager=new  UserMangerImpl();
    userManager.Login(username, password);*/
//取BeanFactory拿到配置文件applicationContext.xml生成BeanFactory
 
BeanFactory        factory= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");
 
/*//使用BeanFactory從IOC容器中取得相關對象(根據id取得)
     UserManageruserManager=(UserManager)factory.getBean("userManager");
    userManager.Login(username, password);//調用接口UserManager的登錄方法Login()
*/        
//如下方式不用每次都創建BeanFactory，而且不用在這裏寫死配置文件，配置文件寫在了web.xml中；但是在此層中知道了Spring的存在
    BeanFactory beanFactory =WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext(request.getSession().getServletContext());
    UserManageruserManager=(UserManager)factory.getBean("userManager");
    userManager.Login(username, password);//調用接口UserManager的登錄方法Login()
    returnmapping.findForward("success");//跳轉到成功頁面
}
   
}</span>

2(3)業務層接口+實現

接口UserManager.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager;
 
public interfaceUserManager {
/**
 * 用戶登錄
 * @param username：用戶名
 * @param password：密碼
 */
publicvoid Login(String username,String password);
 
}</span>

實現UserManagerImp.java:

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;">packagecom.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager;
 
public classUserMangerImpl implements UserManager {
 
@Override
publicvoid Login(String username, String password) {
System.out.print(this.getClass()+",username="+username);
 
}
 
}</span>

3,Struts配置文件配置數據

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
 
<!DOCTYPEstruts-config PUBLIC
          "-//Apache SoftwareFoundation//DTD Struts Configuration 1.2//EN"
          "http://jakarta.apache.org/struts/dtds/struts-config_1_2.dtd">
 
<struts-config>
<!--生命ActionForm（即，告訴Struts哪個是ActionForm） -->
    <form-beans>
       <form-bean name="loginForm"type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.forms.loginActionForm"/>
    </form-beans>
 
<!--描述Action -->
   <!--描述Action -->
    <action-mappings>
        <action path="/login"
               type="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.web.actions.LoginAction"
                name="loginForm"
               scope="request">  
               
        <!--轉向信息 -->      
        <forward name="success"path="/login_success.jsp"/>
        </action>
    </action-mappings>
    <message-resourcesparameter="MessageResources" />
</struts-config></span>

4，Spring配置文件

<span style="font-family:KaiTi_GB2312;font-size:18px;"><?xmlversion="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
    xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-2.0.xsd
           http://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-2.0.xsd">
<!--這個IOC容器核心是個工廠，抽象工廠 -->
<beanid="userManager"class="com.bjpowernode.usermgr.manager.UserMangerImpl"/>
   
</beans></span>

5，運行

啓動Tomcat

瀏覽器中輸入地址http://localhost:8080/Spring_Struts_01/

進入主頁面index.jsp:

點擊“登錄”，進入用戶登錄頁面login.jsp：

輸入用戶名、密碼

點擊“登錄”按鈕，跳轉到登錄成功頁面login_success：

6，總結：

(1)此方案的集成原理：在Action中取得BeanFactory,通過BeanFactory取得業務邏輯對象，調用業務邏輯方法。

(2)缺點：產生了依賴，spring的類在action中產生了依賴查找。（依賴查找和依賴注入的區別（前者爲主動，後者是Spring主動提供））

Struts1.X與Spring集成——第一種方案

一,新建一個項目Spring_Struts_01

二,步驟

1、spring和Struts的依賴包配置

*Struts

（1）拷貝Struts和jstl的依賴包

（2）在web.xml文件中配置ActionServlet

5，運行

6，總結：

Struts2流程機制

Struts1.X與Spring集成——第一種方案

JBPM API初識

Struts2與ajax整合之缺點

JBPM表結構

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