Windows下文件檢索的基本姿勢

##要點

使用FindFirstFile和FindNextFile兩個WindowsAPI，並配合鏈表或隊列存儲文件夾序列。

##C++源碼（鏈表存儲）

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <Windows.h>

using namespace std;


typedef struct DirTable
{
	CHAR dir[255];
	DirTable* next;
}DirTable;

DirTable *g_firstNode = NULL, *g_lastNode = NULL, *g_iterNode = NULL;
int g_reCount = 0;

void AddNode(const CHAR* dirRoad)
{
	DirTable* NewNode = new DirTable;
	ZeroMemory(NewNode->dir, 255);
	strcpy_s(NewNode->dir, 255, dirRoad);
	NewNode->next = NULL;
	if (g_firstNode == NULL)
	{
		g_firstNode = NewNode;
		g_iterNode = NewNode;
		g_lastNode = NewNode;
	}
	else {
		g_iterNode->next = NewNode;
		g_iterNode = g_iterNode->next;
		g_lastNode = NewNode;
	}
	return;
}

void FindFile(const CHAR* rootId, const CHAR* TargetFile)
{
	CHAR dirRoad[255] = { 0 };             //鏈表中添加的文件夾路徑
	CHAR targetFileRoad[255] = { 0 };      //目標文件路徑
	CHAR searchRoad[255] = { 0 };          //文件夾搜索路徑
	HANDLE h_File = NULL;
	WIN32_FIND_DATA winData;
	strcat_s(searchRoad, 255, rootId);
	strcat_s(searchRoad, 255, "\\*.*");
	h_File = FindFirstFile(searchRoad, &winData);
	do {
		if (winData.dwFileAttributes&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
		{
			if (strcmp(winData.cFileName, ".") == 0 || strcmp(winData.cFileName, "..") == 0)
			{
				continue;
			}
			strcpy_s(dirRoad, 255, rootId);
			strcat_s(dirRoad, 255, "\\");
			strcat_s(dirRoad, 255, winData.cFileName);
			AddNode(dirRoad);
			ZeroMemory(dirRoad, 255);
		}
	} while (FindNextFile(h_File, &winData));
	strcat_s(targetFileRoad, 255, rootId);
	strcat_s(targetFileRoad, 255, "\\");
	strcat_s(targetFileRoad, 255, TargetFile);
	h_File = FindFirstFile(targetFileRoad, &winData);
	if (h_File != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		do
		{
			g_reCount++;
			printf("\nResult %d ==> %s\n", g_reCount, targetFileRoad);
		} while (FindNextFile(h_File, &winData));
	}
	ZeroMemory(targetFileRoad, 255);
	return;
}

void SearchFile(const CHAR* rootId, const CHAR* TargetFile)
{
	FindFile(rootId, TargetFile);
	while (g_firstNode)
	{
		FindFile(g_firstNode->dir, TargetFile);
		g_firstNode = g_firstNode->next;
	}
	if (!g_firstNode) printf("\n\nSearching End >_<...\n\nTotal-Result: ==> Find %d Files...\n\n", g_reCount);
	return;
}

int main(void)
{
	CHAR* strTargetFile = (CHAR*)malloc(255 * sizeof(CHAR));
	CHAR* strrootId = (CHAR*)malloc(255 * sizeof(CHAR));
	printf("Please input TargetFile:");
	scanf_s("%s", strTargetFile, 255);
	printf("Please input rootId:");
	scanf_s("%s", strrootId, 255);
	SearchFile(strrootId, strTargetFile);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

##C++源碼（隊列存儲）

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstdlib>
#include <string>
#include <cstring>
#include <Windows.h>
#include <queue>

using namespace std;

queue<string> g_fileDirectoryQuery;
int g_reCount = 0;

void FindFile(const string rootId, const string &TargetFile)
{
	HANDLE h_File = NULL;
	WIN32_FIND_DATA winData;
	string dirRoad = "";             //添加進隊列的文件夾路徑
	string targetFileRoad = "";      //目標文件路徑
	dirRoad.append(rootId);
	dirRoad.append("\\*.*");
	h_File = FindFirstFile(dirRoad.c_str(), &winData);
	dirRoad = "";
	do {
		if (winData.dwFileAttributes&FILE_ATTRIBUTE_DIRECTORY)
		{
			if (strcmp(winData.cFileName, ".") == 0 || strcmp(winData.cFileName, "..") == 0) continue;
			dirRoad.append(rootId);
			dirRoad.append("\\");
			dirRoad.append(winData.cFileName);
			g_fileDirectoryQuery.push(dirRoad);
			dirRoad = "";
		}
	} while (FindNextFile(h_File, &winData));
	targetFileRoad.append(rootId);
	targetFileRoad.append("\\");
	targetFileRoad.append(TargetFile);
	h_File = FindFirstFile(targetFileRoad.c_str(), &winData);
	if (h_File != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
	{
		do
		{
			g_reCount++;
			cout << endl << "Result No." << g_reCount << " ==> " << targetFileRoad << endl;
		} while (FindNextFile(h_File, &winData));
	}
	return;
}

void SearchFile(const string rootId, const string &TargetFile)
{
	FindFile(rootId, TargetFile);
	while (!g_fileDirectoryQuery.empty())
	{
		FindFile(g_fileDirectoryQuery.front(), TargetFile);
		g_fileDirectoryQuery.pop();
	}
	if (g_fileDirectoryQuery.empty()) cout << "\n\nSearching End >_<...\n\nTotal-Result ==> Find " << g_reCount << " Files !\n" << endl;
	return;
}

int main(void)
{
	string strTargetFile = "";
	string strRootId = "";
	printf("Please input TargetFile:");
	cin >> strTargetFile;
	printf("Please input rootId:");
	cin >> strRootId;
	SearchFile(strRootId, strTargetFile);
	system("pause");
	return 0;
}

##運行截圖