1. 引言
Brian Thompson, Stuart Haber, William G. Horne,Tomas Sander, and Danfeng Yao 2009年論文《Privacy-Preserving Computation and Verification of Aggregate Queries on Outsourced Databases》中主要提出的是支持SUM求和、AVERAGE求平均值的aggregate query操作的outsourced database協議——aggregate queries can be computed without revealing microdata to service providers.
適於的場景如:
- Database-as-a-service(DAS):support sophisticated queries such as aggregation while simultaneously maintaining the secrecy of microdata(i.e., individual data entries).
- Cross-domain collaborative data analysis:如multiple regional hospitals collaborate to discover the most frequently occurring flu strain of the season in that area.
所用到的關鍵技術有:
-
Shamir’s Secret-Sharing Scheme: a scheme。基於的是polynomial interpolation多項式插值。 具體可參見博客 verifiable secret sharing可驗證的祕密共享。
any servers can cooperate to determine the answer to an aggregate query, but cooperating servers cannot. -
Pedersen Commitment:主要利用了其加法同態屬性,有:
儘管不知道每一個值,但是it’s easy to compute a commitment to the sum of the unknown values :,其中。