Oraclea11gR2安裝（CentOS7）
ORACLE11GR2
2019年11月13日
Oracle數據庫支持多個主目錄。因此，您可以在同一系統的不同Oracle主目錄中多次安裝此版本或該軟件的早期版本
- Linux服務器：CentOS7.3
- Oracle數據庫版本：
linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip - Oracle數據庫迅雷下載地址：https://www.cnblogs.com/mmzs/p/9030823.html
本次使用靜默模式安裝
- 靜默模式：如果您使用指定所有必需信息的響應文件並
-silent再啓動Oracle
Universal Installer時指定選項，則Oracle Universal Installer將以靜默模式運行。沒有顯示Oracle Universal Installer屏幕。 - 響應文件模式：如果未在響應文件中指定所有必需信息，則Oracle Universal Installer將以響應文件模式運行
1. 服務器環境要求
1.1 內存要求
最小：1 GB RAM
推薦：2 GB RAM或更多
[root@lmw ~]＃ grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo #查看RAM大小
1.2 交換空間要求
- 1-2G物理內存時 swap 是1.5倍
- 2-16G物理內存時 swap 相等
- 大於16G物理內存時 swap 16G
[root@lmw ~]＃ grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo #查看swap大小
1.3 磁盤空間要求
- /tmp目錄中有1 GB的空間
[root@lmw ~]＃ df -h /tmp #查看/tmp下剩餘磁盤大小
1.4 操作系統要求
詳情可翻閱：Oracle Database 11 g第2版（11.2）需要的操作系統版本（或更高版本）
[root@lmw ~]＃ cat /proc/version #發行版本查看
[root@lmw ~]＃ lsb_release -id #某些發行版本查看
1.5 內核要求
詳情可翻閱：Oracle數據庫11 g第2版（11.2）的內核要求
[root@lmw ~]＃ uname -r #內核查看
1.6 軟件依賴包要求
詳情可翻閱：Linux x86-64的Oracle數據庫軟件包要求
沒安裝則進入鏈接找到 Linux 服務器版本對應的軟件依賴包目錄使用 yum 安裝
2. 服務器環境配置
2.1 開放端口或者關閉防火牆
這裏選擇開放端口（“permanent”是永久生效）
[root@lmw ~]＃ firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=1521/tcp --permanent
#放開1521端口
[root@lmw ~]＃ firewall-cmd --reload
#在不改變狀態的條件下重新加載防火牆配置文件
2.2 關閉selinux
執行命令getenforce(或者sestatus -v)查看selinux的狀態，初始安裝的CentOS7是打開狀態。我的服務器是已關閉的所以我就跳過了。
[root@lmw ~]＃ sestatus -v #查看selinux狀態，disabled爲已關閉
[root@lmw ~]＃ vim /etc/selinux/config #修改文件裏SELINUX的值爲disabled
如果你有明確的企業安全政策要求，那麼一般建議開着SELINUX ，否則一般的企業部署oracle的環境會關閉SELINUX
2.3 創建用戶組和用戶
首次在系統上安裝Oracle軟件時，Oracle Universal Installer會創建該oraInst.loc文件。該文件標識Oracle庫存組的名稱（通常爲oinstall）和Oracle庫存目錄的路徑。您可以將一個組配置爲Oracle庫存管理系統，數據庫管理員（OSDBA）以及Oracle軟件用於操作系統身份驗證的所有其他訪問控制組的訪問控制組。但是，該組必須是所有授予管理特權的用戶的主要組。
[root@lmw ~]＃ groupadd oinstall #創建用戶組oinstall
[root@lmw ~]＃ groupadd dba #創建用戶組dba
[root@lmw ~]＃ useradd -g oinstall -G dba -m oracle
#創建oracle用戶，並加入到oinstall和dba用戶組
[root@lmw ~]＃ passwd oracle #設置用戶oracle的登陸密碼
更改用戶 oracle 的密碼 。
新的 密碼：Oracle#123456
重新輸入新的 密碼：Oracle#123456
passwd：所有的身份驗證令牌已經成功更新。
[root@lmw ~]＃ id oracle # 查看新建的oracle用戶
uid=1001(oracle) gid=1001(oinstall) 組=1001(oinstall),1002(dba)
2.4 修改oracle用戶限制，提高軟件運行性能
2.4.1 ：備份 limits.conf 原文件並修改。
[root@lmw ~]＃ cp /etc/security/limits.conf /etc/security/limits.conf-bak #備份
[root@lmw ~]＃ vim /etc/security/limits.conf
#加入以下4句
oracle soft nproc 2047
oracle hard nproc 16384
oracle soft nofile 1024
oracle hard nofile 65536
# End of file
/etc/security/limits.conf 爲安裝所有者更新配置文件中的資源限制
2.4.2 ：備份 login 原文件並修改。
[root@lmw ~]＃ cp /etc/pam.d/login /etc/pam.d/login-bak #備份
[root@lmw ~]＃ vim /etc/pam.d/login
#加入以下語句
session required /lib/security/pam_limits.so
session required pam_limits.so
注意：根據文件內最後一條session規則的註釋，應該加在文件內最後一行代碼之前
2.4.3 ：備份 profile 原文件並修改
[root@lmw ~]＃ cp /etc/profile /etc/profile-bak #備份
[root@lmw ~]＃ vim /etc/profile
#加入以下語句
if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL = "/bin/ksh" ]; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -u 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi
[root@lmw ~]＃ source /etc/profile #使文件立即生效
2.5 調整系統內核參數
[root@lmw ~]＃ cp /etc/sysctl.conf /etc/sysctl.conf-bak #備份
[root@lmw ~]＃ Vim /etc/sysctl.conf
#加入以下語句
fs.file-max = 6815744
fs.aio-max-nr = 1048576
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576
[root@lmw ~]＃ sysctl -p #使參數立即生效
#設置相關參數的系統默認值。每次操作系統啓動時，便會自動設置這些內核參數
2.6 修改系統內核標識
[root@lmw ~]＃ cp /etc/redhat-release /etc/redhat-release-bak #備份
[root@lmw ~]＃ vi /etc/redhat-release
#修改成以下
redhat-7
oracle默認不支持CentOS系統安裝，但是centos其實就是redhat，有興趣的可以查閱一下相關資料。
3. 預安裝配置
3.1 操作目錄：/home/oracle(按順序解壓)
[root@lmw oracle]＃ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_1of2.zip
[root@lmw oracle]＃ unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip
3.2 創建安裝目錄
下面開始需要以oracle用戶進行操作
[oracle@lmw ~]$ su oracle
[oracle@lmw ~]$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/tools/oracle11g
3.3 修改環境變量
[oracle@lmw ~]$ vi /home/oracle/.bash_profile
#加入以下語句
export ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/tools/oracle11g #oracle數據庫安裝目錄
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1 #oracle數據庫路徑
export ORACLE_SID=orcl #oracle啓動數據庫實例名
export ORACLE_UNQNAME=orcl
export NLS_LANG=.AL32UTF8 #設置Oracle客戶端字符集
export PATH=${PATH}:${ORACLE_HOME}/bin/:$ORACLE_HOME/lib64
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib
export CLASSPATH=$ORACLE_HOME/jlib:$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/jlib
export TNS_ADMIN=/home/oracle/tools/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/network/admin
[oracle@lmw ~]$ source ~/.bash_profile #使文件立即生效
文件追加內容注意：要寫到原有“PATH=PATH:HOME/bin”變量上面
3.3 定義安裝響應文件
[oracle@lmw ~]$ cp /home/oracle/database/response/db_install.rsp /home/oracle
[oracle@lmw ~]$ vi db_install.rsp #修改相應文件相關參數
####################################################################
## Copyright(c) Oracle Corporation 1998,2008. All rights reserved.##
## ##
## Specify values for the variables listed below to customize ##
## your installation. ##
## ##
## Each variable is associated with a comment. The comment ##
## can help to populate the variables with the appropriate ##
## values. ##
## ##
## IMPORTANT NOTE: This file contains plain text passwords and ##
## should be secured to have read permission only by oracle user ##
## or db administrator who owns this installation. ##
## ##
####################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Do not change the following system generated value.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.responseFileVersion=/oracle/install/rspfmt_dbinstall_response_schema_v11_2_0
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation option.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. INSTALL_DB_SWONLY
# 2. INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
# 3. UPGRADE_DB
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.option=INSTALL_DB_AND_CONFIG
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the hostname of the system as set during the install. It can be used
# to force the installation to use an alternative hostname rather than using the
# first hostname found on the system. (e.g., for systems with multiple hostnames
# and network interfaces)
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOSTNAME=localhost
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Unix group to be set for the inventory directory.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
UNIX_GROUP_NAME=oinstall
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the location which holds the inventory files.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
INVENTORY_LOCATION=/home/oracle/tools/oraInventory
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the languages in which the components will be installed.
#
# en : English ja : Japanese
# fr : French ko : Korean
# ar : Arabic es : Latin American Spanish
# bn : Bengali lv : Latvian
# pt_BR: Brazilian Portuguese lt : Lithuanian
# bg : Bulgarian ms : Malay
# fr_CA: Canadian French es_MX: Mexican Spanish
# ca : Catalan no : Norwegian
# hr : Croatian pl : Polish
# cs : Czech pt : Portuguese
# da : Danish ro : Romanian
# nl : Dutch ru : Russian
# ar_EG: Egyptian zh_CN: Simplified Chinese
# en_GB: English (Great Britain) sk : Slovak
# et : Estonian sl : Slovenian
# fi : Finnish es_ES: Spanish
# de : German sv : Swedish
# el : Greek th : Thai
# iw : Hebrew zh_TW: Traditional Chinese
# hu : Hungarian tr : Turkish
# is : Icelandic uk : Ukrainian
# in : Indonesian vi : Vietnamese
# it : Italian
#
# Example : SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,fr,ja
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SELECTED_LANGUAGES=en,zh_CN
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Home.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_HOME=/home/oracle/tools/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the complete path of the Oracle Base.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ORACLE_BASE=/home/oracle/tools/oracle11g
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the installation edition of the component.
#
# The value should contain only one of these choices.
# EE : Enterprise Edition
# SE : Standard Edition
# SEONE : Standard Edition One
# PE : Personal Edition (WINDOWS ONLY)
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.InstallEdition=EE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is used to enable or disable custom install.
#
# true : Components mentioned as part of 'customComponents' property
# are considered for install.
# false : Value for 'customComponents' is not considered.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.isCustomInstall=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is considered only if 'IsCustomInstall' is set to true.
#
# Description: List of Enterprise Edition Options you would like to install.
#
# The following choices are available. You may specify any
# combination of these choices. The components you choose should
# be specified in the form "internal-component-name:version"
# Below is a list of components you may specify to install.
#
# oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Partitioning
# oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Data Mining
# oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Database Vault
# oracle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Label Security
# oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle Real Application Testing
# oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0 - Oracle OLAP
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.customComponents=oracle.server:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.sysman.ccr:10.2.7.0.0,oracle.xdk:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.oci:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.network.listener:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.options:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.partitioning:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.oraolap:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dm:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.dv:11.2.0.1.0,orcle.rdbms.lbac:11.2.0.1.0,oracle.rdbms.rat:11.2.0.1.0
###############################################################################
# #
# PRIVILEGED OPERATING SYSTEM GROUPS #
# ------------------------------------------ #
# Provide values for the OS groups to which OSDBA and OSOPER privileges #
# needs to be granted. If the install is being performed as a member of the #
# group "dba", then that will be used unless specified otherwise below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The DBA_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSDBA privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.DBA_GROUP=dba
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# The OPER_GROUP is the OS group which is to be granted OSOPER privileges.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.OPER_GROUP=oinstall
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the cluster node names selected during the installation.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.CLUSTER_NODES=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of database to create.
# It can be one of the following:
# - GENERAL_PURPOSE/TRANSACTION_PROCESSING
# - DATA_WAREHOUSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.type=GENERAL_PURPOSE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database Global Database Name.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.globalDBName=orcl
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database SID.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.SID=orcl
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Starter Database character set.
#
# It can be one of the following:
# AL32UTF8, WE8ISO8859P15, WE8MSWIN1252, EE8ISO8859P2,
# EE8MSWIN1250, NE8ISO8859P10, NEE8ISO8859P4, BLT8MSWIN1257,
# BLT8ISO8859P13, CL8ISO8859P5, CL8MSWIN1251, AR8ISO8859P6,
# AR8MSWIN1256, EL8ISO8859P7, EL8MSWIN1253, IW8ISO8859P8,
# IW8MSWIN1255, JA16EUC, JA16EUCTILDE, JA16SJIS, JA16SJISTILDE,
# KO16MSWIN949, ZHS16GBK, TH8TISASCII, ZHT32EUC, ZHT16MSWIN950,
# ZHT16HKSCS, WE8ISO8859P9, TR8MSWIN1254, VN8MSWIN1258
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.characterSet=AL32UTF8
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable should be set to true if Automatic Memory Management
# in Database is desired.
# If Automatic Memory Management is not desired, and memory allocation
# is to be done manually, then set it to false.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryOption=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the total memory allocation for the database. Value(in MB) should be
# at least 256 MB, and should not exceed the total physical memory available
# on the system.
# Example: oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.memoryLimit=512
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable controls whether to load Example Schemas onto the starter
# database or not.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.installExampleSchemas=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable includes enabling audit settings, configuring password profiles
# and revoking some grants to public. These settings are provided by default.
# These settings may also be disabled.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.enableSecuritySettings=true
###############################################################################
# #
# Passwords can be supplied for the following four schemas in the #
# starter database: #
# SYS #
# SYSTEM #
# SYSMAN (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# DBSNMP (used by Enterprise Manager) #
# #
# Same password can be used for all accounts (not recommended) #
# or different passwords for each account can be provided (recommended) #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable holds the password that is to be used for all schemas in the
# starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.ALL=Oracle#123456
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYS password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYS=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSTEM password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSTEM=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SYSMAN password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.SYSMAN=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the DBSNMP password for the starter database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.password.DBSNMP=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the management option to be selected for the starter database.
# It can be one of the following:
# 1. GRID_CONTROL
# 2. DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.control=DB_CONTROL
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Management Service to use if Grid Control is selected to manage
# the database.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.gridcontrol.gridControlServiceURL=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable indicates whether to receive email notification for critical
# alerts when using DB control.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.enableEmailNotification=false
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the email address to which the notifications are to be sent.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.emailAddress=lijie@zte.com
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the SMTP server used for email notifications.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.dbcontrol.SMTPServer=
###############################################################################
# #
# SPECIFY BACKUP AND RECOVERY OPTIONS #
# ------------------------------------ #
# Out-of-box backup and recovery options for the database can be mentioned #
# using the entries below. #
# #
###############################################################################
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# This variable is to be set to false if automated backup is not required. Else
# this can be set to true.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.enable=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system
# user that is specified in this variable.
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.osuid=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Regardless of the type of storage that is chosen for backup and recovery, if
# automated backups are enabled, a job will be scheduled to run daily at
# 2:00 AM to backup the database. This job will run as the operating system user
# specified by the above entry. The following entry stores the password for the
# above operating system user.
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.automatedBackup.ospwd=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the type of storage to use for the database.
# It can be one of the following:
# - FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
# - ASM_STORAGE
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storageType=FILE_SYSTEM_STORAGE
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the database file location which is a directory for datafiles, control
# files, redo logs.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.dataLocation=/home/oracle/tools/oracle11g/oradata
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the backup and recovery location.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=FILE_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.fileSystemStorage.recoveryLocation=/home/oracle/tools/oracle11g/fast_recovery_area
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the existing ASM disk groups to be used for storage.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.diskGroup=
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the password for ASMSNMP user of the ASM instance.
#
# Applicable only when oracle.install.db.config.starterdb.storage=ASM_SYSTEM
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
oracle.install.db.config.asm.ASMSNMPPassword=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=metalink
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_USERNAME=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the My Oracle Support Account Username password.
#
# Example : MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
MYORACLESUPPORT_PASSWORD=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether to enable the user to set the password for
# My Oracle Support credentials. The value can be either true or false.
# If left blank it will be assumed to be false.
#
# Example : SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
SECURITY_UPDATES_VIA_MYORACLESUPPORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify whether user wants to give any proxy details for connection.
# The value can be either true or false. If left blank it will be assumed
# to be false.
#
# Example : DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=false
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=true
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the Proxy server name. Length should be greater than zero.
#
# Example : PROXY_HOST=proxy.domain.com
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_HOST=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy port number. Should be Numeric and atleast 2 chars.
#
# Example : PROXY_PORT=25
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PORT=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy user name. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_USER=username
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_USER=
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Specify the proxy password. Leave PROXY_USER and PROXY_PWD
# blank if your proxy server requires no authentication.
#
# Example : PROXY_PWD=password
#------------------------------------------------------------------------------
PROXY_PWD=
4.開始靜默安裝
4.1 靜默安裝
靜默安裝會在後臺執行，搞笑的是由於我的服務器設置幾分鐘無操作會掉線，在此步驟徘徊許久，但是後來我查看安裝日誌顯示安裝完成。
@操作目錄：/home/oracle/database
【方式1】【屏蔽異常信息】
[oracle@lmw database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignorePrereq -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
【方式2】【屏蔽部分異常信息，會有警告，可忽略】
[oracle@lmw database]$ ./runInstaller -silent -ignoreSysPrereqs -responseFile /home/oracle/db_install.rsp
>>>>>>
正在啓動 Oracle Universal Installer...
檢查臨時空間: 必須大於 120 MB。 實際爲 38740 MB 通過
檢查交換空間: 必須大於 150 MB。 實際爲 4095 MB 通過
準備從以下地址啓動 Oracle Universal Installer /tmp/OraInstall2019-04-16_03-41-22PM. 請稍候...[oracle@jetflow136 database]$ 可以在以下位置找到本次安裝會話的日誌:
/home/oracle/tools/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-16_03-41-22PM.log
安裝結束後會打印如下信息：
The following configuration scripts need to be executed as the "root" user.
#!/bin/sh
#Root scripts to run
/home/oracle/tools/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
/home/oracle/tools/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
To execute the configuration scripts:
1. Open a terminal window
2. Log in as "root"
3. Run the scripts
4. Return to this window and hit "Enter" key to continue
Successfully Setup Software.
<<<<<<
@ 注意：如果需要查詢安裝過程日誌，請重新開個終端，使用命令：tailf /home/oracle/tools/oraInventory/logs/installActions2019-04-16_03-41-22PM.log 打印日誌。
@ 告警：只要不會導致程序退出，即可忽略一些警告異常。
@ 重複安裝清理操作：
$ rm -rf /etc/oratab
$ rm -rf /home/oracle/tools
$ mkdir -p /home/oracle/tools/oracle11g
4.2 執行腳本
最後一步需要root用戶操作
[root@lmw ~]# /home/oracle/tools/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root@lmw ~]# /home/oracle/tools/oracle11g/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1/root.sh
5.驗證數據庫安裝
5.1 啓動數據庫
[root@lmw ~]# su oracle
[oracle@lmw ~]$ sqlplus /nolog #超級管理員啓動
SQL> conn / as sysdba
5.2 創建數據庫用戶
需要用有管理員權限的賬戶（例如sys）
SQL> create user jysj identified by jysj #創建用戶
SQL> grant connect,resource,dba to jysj ##dba(管理員)
SQL> conn jysj/jysj #切換jysj
Connected.
SQL> quit #退出
參考：https://blog.csdn.net/waplys/article/details/89358964
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