SpringBoot連接多RabbitMQ源

在實際開發中，很多場景需要異步處理，這時就需要用到RabbitMQ，而且隨着場景的增多程序可能需要連接多個RabbitMQ。SpringBoot本身提供了默認的配置可以快速配置連接RabbitMQ，但是隻能連接一個RabbitMQ，當需要連接多個RabbitMQ時，默認的配置就不太適用了，需要單獨編寫每個連接。

在SpringBoot框架中，我們常用的兩個類一般是：

RabbitTemplate：作爲生產、消費消息使用；
RabbitAdmin：作爲申明、刪除交換機和隊列，綁定和解綁隊列和交換機的綁定關係使用。

所以我們連接多個RabbitMQ就需要重新建立連接、重新實現這兩個類。
代碼如下：

配置

application.properties配置文件需要配置兩個連接：

server.port=8080

# rabbitmq
v2.spring.rabbitmq.host=host
v2.spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
v2.spring.rabbitmq.username=username
v2.spring.rabbitmq.password=password
v2.spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=virtual-host
#consume 手動 ack
v2.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
#1.當mandatory標誌位設置爲true時，
#   如果exchange根據自身類型和消息routingKey無法找到一個合適的queue存儲消息，
#   那麼broker會調用basic.return方法將消息返還給生產者;
#2.當mandatory設置爲false時，出現上述情況broker會直接將消息丟棄;通俗的講，
#   mandatory標誌告訴broker代理服務器至少將消息route到一個隊列中，
#   否則就將消息return給發送者;
v2.spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true
#publisher confirms 發送確認
v2.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
#returns callback ：
#   1.未送達exchange
#   2.送達exchange卻未送道queue的消息 回調returnCallback.（注意）出現2情況時，publisher-confirms 回調的是true
v2.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
v2.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch=5

# rabbitmq
v1.spring.rabbitmq.host=host
v1.spring.rabbitmq.port=5672
v1.spring.rabbitmq.username=username
v1.spring.rabbitmq.password=password
v1.spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host=virtual-host
#consume 手動 ack
v1.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode=manual
#1.當mandatory標誌位設置爲true時，
#   如果exchange根據自身類型和消息routingKey無法找到一個合適的queue存儲消息，
#   那麼broker會調用basic.return方法將消息返還給生產者;
#2.當mandatory設置爲false時，出現上述情況broker會直接將消息丟棄;通俗的講，
#   mandatory標誌告訴broker代理服務器至少將消息route到一個隊列中，
#   否則就將消息return給發送者;
v1.spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory=true
#publisher confirms 發送確認
v1.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms=true
#returns callback ：
#   1.未送達exchange
#   2.送達exchange卻未送道queue的消息 回調returnCallback.（注意）出現2情況時，publisher-confirms 回調的是true
v1.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns=true
v1.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch=5

重寫連接工廠

需要注意的是，在多源的情況下，需要在某個連接加上@Primary註解，表示主連接，默認使用這個連接

package com.example.config.rabbitmq;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.AcknowledgeMode;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Message;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.config.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CachingConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.ConnectionFactory;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.connection.CorrelationData;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Qualifier;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.amqp.SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactoryConfigurer;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Primary;

/**
 * Created by shuai on 2019/4/23.
 */
@Configuration
public class MultipleRabbitMQConfig {

    @Bean(name = "v2ConnectionFactory")
    public CachingConnectionFactory hospSyncConnectionFactory(
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.host}") String host,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.port}") int port,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.username}") String username,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.password}") String password,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host}") String virtualHost,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms}") Boolean publisherConfirms,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns}") Boolean publisherReturns) {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost(host);
        connectionFactory.setPort(port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(virtualHost);
        connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(publisherConfirms);
        connectionFactory.setPublisherReturns(publisherReturns);
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean(name = "v2RabbitTemplate")
    public RabbitTemplate firstRabbitTemplate(
            @Qualifier("v2ConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory}") Boolean mandatory) {
        RabbitTemplate v2RabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        v2RabbitTemplate.setMandatory(mandatory);
        v2RabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, s) -> {
            if (!ack) {
//                    LOGGER.info("{} 發送RabbitMQ消息 ack確認 失敗: [{}]", this.name, JSON.toJSONString(object));
            } else {
//                    LOGGER.info("{} 發送RabbitMQ消息 ack確認 成功: [{}]", this.name, JSON.toJSONString(object));
            }
        });
        v2RabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((message, code, s, exchange, routingKey) -> {
//                LOGGER.error("{} 發送RabbitMQ消息returnedMessage，出現異常，Exchange不存在或發送至Exchange卻沒有發送到Queue中，message：[{}], code[{}], s[{}], exchange[{}], routingKey[{}]", new Object[]{this.name, JSON.toJSONString(message), JSON.toJSONString(code), JSON.toJSONString(s), JSON.toJSONString(exchange), JSON.toJSONString(routingKey)});
        });
        return v2RabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean(name = "v2ContainerFactory")
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory hospSyncFactory(
            @Qualifier("v2ConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode}") String acknowledge,
            @Value("${v2.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch}") Integer prefetch
    ) {
        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.valueOf(acknowledge.toUpperCase()));
        factory.setPrefetchCount(prefetch);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean(name = "v2RabbitAdmin")
    public RabbitAdmin iqianzhanRabbitAdmin(
            @Qualifier("v2ConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        rabbitAdmin.setAutoStartup(true);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }


    // mq主連接
    @Bean(name = "v1ConnectionFactory")
    @Primary
    public CachingConnectionFactory publicConnectionFactory(
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.host}") String host,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.port}") int port,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.username}") String username,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.password}") String password,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.virtual-host}") String virtualHost,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-confirms}") Boolean publisherConfirms,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.publisher-returns}") Boolean publisherReturns) {
        CachingConnectionFactory connectionFactory = new CachingConnectionFactory();
        connectionFactory.setHost(host);
        connectionFactory.setPort(port);
        connectionFactory.setUsername(username);
        connectionFactory.setPassword(password);
        connectionFactory.setVirtualHost(virtualHost);
        connectionFactory.setPublisherConfirms(publisherConfirms);
        connectionFactory.setPublisherReturns(publisherReturns);
        return connectionFactory;
    }

    @Bean(name = "v1RabbitTemplate")
    @Primary
    public RabbitTemplate publicRabbitTemplate(
            @Qualifier("v1ConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.template.mandatory}") Boolean mandatory) {
        RabbitTemplate v1RabbitTemplate = new RabbitTemplate(connectionFactory);
        v1RabbitTemplate.setMandatory(mandatory);
        v1RabbitTemplate.setConfirmCallback((correlationData, ack, s) -> {
            if (!ack) {
//                    LOGGER.info("{} 發送RabbitMQ消息 ack確認 失敗: [{}]", this.name, JSON.toJSONString(object));
            } else {
//                    LOGGER.info("{} 發送RabbitMQ消息 ack確認 成功: [{}]", this.name, JSON.toJSONString(object));
            }
        });
        v1RabbitTemplate.setReturnCallback((message, code, s, exchange, routingKey) -> {
//                LOGGER.error("{} 發送RabbitMQ消息returnedMessage，出現異常，Exchange不存在或發送至Exchange卻沒有發送到Queue中，message：[{}], code[{}], s[{}], exchange[{}], routingKey[{}]", new Object[]{this.name, JSON.toJSONString(message), JSON.toJSONString(code), JSON.toJSONString(s), JSON.toJSONString(exchange), JSON.toJSONString(routingKey)});
        });
        return v1RabbitTemplate;
    }

    @Bean(name = "v1ContainerFactory")
    @Primary
    public SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory insMessageListenerContainer(
            @Qualifier("v1ConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.acknowledge-mode}") String acknowledge,
            @Value("${v1.spring.rabbitmq.listener.simple.prefetch}") Integer prefetch) {
        SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory factory = new SimpleRabbitListenerContainerFactory();
        factory.setConnectionFactory(connectionFactory);
        factory.setAcknowledgeMode(AcknowledgeMode.valueOf(acknowledge.toUpperCase()));
        factory.setPrefetchCount(prefetch);
        return factory;
    }

    @Bean(name = "v1RabbitAdmin")
    @Primary
    public RabbitAdmin publicRabbitAdmin(
            @Qualifier("v1ConnectionFactory") ConnectionFactory connectionFactory) {
        RabbitAdmin rabbitAdmin = new RabbitAdmin(connectionFactory);
        rabbitAdmin.setAutoStartup(true);
        return rabbitAdmin;
    }
}

創建Exchange、Queue並綁定

再實現RabbitAdmin後，我們就需要根據RabbitAdmin創建對應的交換機和隊列，並建立綁定關係

package com.example.config.rabbitmq;

import org.springframework.amqp.core.BindingBuilder;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.Queue;
import org.springframework.amqp.core.TopicExchange;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitAdmin;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;

import javax.annotation.PostConstruct;
import javax.annotation.Resource;

/**
 * 創建Queue、Exchange並建立綁定關係
 * Created by shuai on 2019/5/16.
 */
@Configuration
public class MyRabbitMQCreateConfig {

    @Resource(name = "v2RabbitAdmin")
    private RabbitAdmin v2RabbitAdmin;

    @Resource(name = "v1RabbitAdmin")
    private RabbitAdmin v1RabbitAdmin;

    @PostConstruct
    public void RabbitInit() {
        v2RabbitAdmin.declareExchange(new TopicExchange("exchange.topic.example.new", true, false));
        v2RabbitAdmin.declareQueue(new Queue("queue.example.topic.new", true));
        v2RabbitAdmin.declareBinding(
                BindingBuilder
                        .bind(new Queue("queue.example.topic.new", true))        //直接創建隊列
                        .to(new TopicExchange("exchange.topic.example.new", true, false))    //直接創建交換機 建立關聯關係
                        .with("routing.key.example.new"));    //指定路由Key
    }
}

生產者

爲了後續驗證每個連接都建立成功，並且都能生產消息，生產者這裏分別使用新生成的RabbitTemplate發送一條消息。

package com.example.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.core.RabbitTemplate;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

import javax.annotation.Resource;

@Component
public class TopicProducer {

    @Resource(name = "v1RabbitTemplate")
    private RabbitTemplate v1RabbitTemplate;

    @Resource(name = "v2RabbitTemplate")
    private RabbitTemplate v2RabbitTemplate;

    public void sendMessageByTopic() {
        String content1 = "This is a topic type of the RabbitMQ message example from v1RabbitTemplate";
        v1RabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
                "exchange.topic.example.new",
                "routing.key.example.new",
                content1);

        String content2 = "This is a topic type of the RabbitMQ message example from v2RabbitTemplate";
        v2RabbitTemplate.convertAndSend(
                "exchange.topic.example.new",
                "routing.key.example.new",
                content2);
    }
}

消費者

這裏需要注意在配置消費隊列時，需要標識ContainerFactory

package com.example.topic;

import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitHandler;
import org.springframework.amqp.rabbit.annotation.RabbitListener;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;

@Component
@RabbitListener(queues = "queue.example.topic.new", containerFactory = "v2ContainerFactory")
public class TopicConsumer {

    @RabbitHandler
    public void consumer(String message) {
        System.out.println(message);
    }
}

這樣就完成了SpringBoot連接多個RabbitMQ源的示例了，再寫一段測試代碼驗證下。

測試驗證

package com.example.test;

import com.example.topic.TopicProducer;
import org.junit.Test;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;

@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
public class RabbitMQMultipleTest {

    @Autowired
    private TopicProducer topicProducer;


    @Test
    public void topicProducerTest() {
        topicProducer.sendMessageByTopic();
    }
}

執行測試代碼，驗證結果爲：

驗證SpringBoot連接多RabbitMQ源成功！

github地址：Spring Boot 教程、技術棧、示例代碼

SpringBoot連接多RabbitMQ源

配置

重寫連接工廠

創建Exchange、Queue並綁定

生產者

消費者

測試驗證

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