android Broadcast之靜態與動態註冊

其實所謂的靜態註冊，動態註冊，是指接收廣播的時候，是靜態註冊接收還是動態註冊接收，發送的時候不分靜態，動態

以發送intent爲例，

一共分4種情況，以每次註冊兩個Broadcast爲例：

情況一，註冊2個靜態Broadcast

如果是靜態註冊的，接收的一定是某一個類繼承BroadcastReceiver

2個java文件如下：

BroadcastActivity.java

代碼

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;

//2個靜態註冊
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG = "BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1 = "su1.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2 = "su1.bluetooth.false";

    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02 = (Button) findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }

    private OnClickListener mybtnListener = new OnClickListener() {

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if (v.getId() == (R.id.button01)) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                // 也可以用mContext.sendBroadcast(intent),mContext.sendBroadcast可以在構造函數裏面初始化，
                // 有內部類的時候必須用？？？
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            } else if (v.getId() == (R.id.button02)) {
                Intent intent = new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            } else {
                Log.v(TAG, "not true not false");
            }
        }

    };

}


BroadcastRecTest.java

代碼

package com.broad.test1;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class BroadcastRecTest extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su1.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su1.bluetooth.false";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
            Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su1.bluetooth.true");
            }else if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){
                Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su1.bluetooth.false");
            }else{
                Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>other type intent");
            }

        }
}

main.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="靜態接收廣播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="靜態接收廣播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    <receiver android:name="BroadcastRecTest">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="su1.bluetooth.true" />
            <action android:name="su1.bluetooth.false" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />    
</manifest>

運行結果：

注意，靜態註冊的broadcast運行有點慢：

情況2，一個靜態，一個動態註冊Broadcast

BroadcastActivity.java

代碼

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;
//1個動態，1個靜態註冊
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su2.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su2.bluetooth.false";
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }
    private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else if(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else{
                Log.v(TAG,"not true not false");
            }
        }
        
    };
    
    
        // 接收動態註冊廣播的BroadcastReceiver    
    private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          //如果有多個動態註冊的廣播，要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}來判斷是哪個
            //String action = intent.getAction();
            //這裏只有一個，不用判斷了。
            Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su2.bluetooth.false");
        }
    };
    //在onStart中動態註冊廣播,當然也可以在onCreate裏面註冊
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStart();
        //動態註冊
        IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
        //也可以用這種方法動態註冊多個，說明我可以”接收“這麼多的動態廣播。
       /* IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction("action1");
        intentFilter.addAction("action2");*/
        registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter);
    }

    //在onStop中取消註冊廣播,如果在onCreate裏面註冊，那麼在onDestroy裏面取消註冊。
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStop();
        unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2);
    }    
    
}

BroadcastRecTest.java

代碼

package com.broad.test1;

import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;

import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.util.Log;
public class BroadcastRecTest extends BroadcastReceiver {
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su2.bluetooth.true";
    @Override
    public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        String action = intent.getAction();
        if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
            Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>su.bluetooth.true");
            }else{
                Log.d(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>other type intent--jingtai");
            }

        }
}

main.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="靜態接收廣播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="動態接收廣播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    <receiver android:name="BroadcastRecTest">
        <intent-filter>
            <action android:name="su2.bluetooth.true" />
        </intent-filter>
    </receiver>

    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />    
</manifest>

true是靜態註冊的，在Android.xml中註冊的，false是動態註冊的，在java代碼中註冊的

運行結果：

情況三、兩個都是動態註冊的，在同一個Activity裏面既發送，又接收，（當然也可以在不同的java中，一個發送，另一個java接收，哪怕是不同的包）

動態註冊不需要一個類繼承BroadcastReceiver這個類了，直接new一個對象即可

代碼

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;

//兩個動態註冊
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su3.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su3.bluetooth.false";
   // private static final String BLUETOOTH_PERM = android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }
    private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else if(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent);
            }else{
                Log.v(TAG,"not true not false");
            }
        }
        
    };
    
        // 接收動態註冊廣播的BroadcastReceiver    
    private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          //如果有多個動態註冊的廣播，要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}來判斷是哪個
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su3.bluetooth.true");
            }else if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su3.bluetooth.false");
            }
         
        }
    };
    //在onStart中動態註冊廣播,當然也可以在onCreate裏面註冊
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStart();
        //動態註冊兩個，
        IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
        registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter);
    }

    //在onStop中取消註冊廣播,如果在onCreate裏面註冊，那麼在onDestroy裏面取消註冊。
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStop();
        unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2);
    }    
    
}

main.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="動態接收廣播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="動態接收廣播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />    
</manifest>

運行結果：

情況4，sendBroadcast的時候加權限，以2個都動態註冊爲例

代碼

package com.broad.test1;

import android.app.Activity;
import android.content.BroadcastReceiver;
import android.content.Context;
import android.content.Intent;
import android.content.IntentFilter;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
import android.util.Log;

//兩個動態註冊,sendBroadcast的時候加權限
public class BroadcastActivity extends Activity {
    /** Called when the activity is first created. */
    private Button button01;
    private Button button02;
    private static final String TAG="BroadcastActivity";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_1="su4.bluetooth.true";
    private static final String INTENAL_ACTION_2="su4.bluetooth.false";
     private static final String BLUETOOTH_PERM = android.Manifest.permission.BLUETOOTH;
    @Override
    public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
        setContentView(R.layout.main);
        button01=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button01);
        button02=(Button)findViewById(R.id.button02);
        button01.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
        button02.setOnClickListener(mybtnListener);
    }
    private OnClickListener mybtnListener=new OnClickListener(){

        @Override
        public void onClick(View v) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
            if(v.getId()==(R.id.button01)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
                sendBroadcast(intent,BLUETOOTH_PERM);
            }else if(v.getId()==(R.id.button02)){
                Intent intent= new Intent(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
                sendBroadcast(intent,BLUETOOTH_PERM);
            }else{
                Log.v(TAG,"not true not false");
            }
        }
        
    };
    
        // 接收動態註冊廣播的BroadcastReceiver    
    private BroadcastReceiver bcrIntenal2 = new BroadcastReceiver() {
        @Override
        public void onReceive(Context context, Intent intent) {
            // TODO Auto-generated method stub
          //如果有多個動態註冊的廣播，要用if(action.equals()){}else if(action.equals()){}來判斷是哪個
            String action = intent.getAction();
            if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_1)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su4.bluetooth.true");
            }else if(action.equals(INTENAL_ACTION_2)){
                Log.v(TAG,"surx>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>dong--su4.bluetooth.false");
            }
         
        }
    };
    //在onStart中動態註冊廣播,當然也可以在onCreate裏面註冊
    @Override
    protected void onStart() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStart();
        //動態註冊兩個，說明我可以”接收“2個這樣Action的動態廣播
        IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_1);
        intentFilter.addAction(INTENAL_ACTION_2);
        registerReceiver(bcrIntenal2,intentFilter);
    }

    //在onStop中取消註冊廣播,如果在onCreate裏面註冊，那麼在onDestroy裏面取消註冊。
    @Override
    protected void onStop() {
        // TODO Auto-generated method stub
        super.onStop();
        unregisterReceiver(bcrIntenal2);
    }    
    
}

發送的時候加了藍牙權限，

若在使用sendBroadcast()的方法是指定了接收權限，則只有接收方的包內--在AndroidManifest.xml中用<uses- permission>標籤聲明瞭擁有此權限的BroascastReceiver纔會有可能接收到發送來的Broadcast。

同樣，若在註冊BroadcastReceiver時指定了可接收的Broadcast的權限，則只有在接收方的包內的AndroidManifest.xml中用<uses-permission>標籤聲明瞭，擁有此權限的Context對象所發送的Broadcast才能被這個 BroadcastReceiver所接收。

main.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:orientation="vertical"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent"
    >
<TextView  
    android:layout_width="fill_parent" 
    android:layout_height="wrap_content" 
    android:text="@string/hello"
    />
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button01"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="動態接收廣播true"/>
<Button
    android:id="@+id/button02"
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content"
    android:text="動態接收廣播false"/>
</LinearLayout>

AndroidManifest.xml

代碼

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
      package="com.broad.test1"
      android:versionCode="1"
      android:versionName="1.0">
    <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name">
        <activity android:name=".BroadcastActivity"
                  android:label="@string/app_name">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />
                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" />
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
    <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="8" />
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.BLUETOOTH"/>    
</manifest>

注意上面加的藍牙permission權限

運行結果：

總結：

以發送intent爲例，發送廣播都用sendBroadcast(intent);

靜態註冊接收的時候，只需要

（1）得到action，如：

String action = intent.getAction();

（2）判斷action類型，做出相應的動作。

動態註冊接收的時候，需要：

（1） IntentFilter intentFilter= new IntentFilter();

（2）intentFilter.addAction（。。）;可以添加多個

（3）註冊接收，registerReceiver(BroadcastReceiver對象,intentFilter);別忘了在其他需要的地方取消註冊接收！！！

（4）得到action，如：

String action = intent.getAction();
(5)判斷action類型，做出相應的動作。

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