一、安裝OEL 5.6
二、安裝VMware Tools
1) 選擇菜單裏的VM選項,裏面有一個子選項是installVMware Tools,選擇它。
2) 回到操作系統,將光驅掛載到/mnt 下
[root@tyger~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount:block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected, mounting read-only
[root@tyger~]#
3) 解壓安裝tools壓縮包
[root@tyger~]# pwd
/root
[root@tyger~]# tar -xzvf /mnt/VMwareTools-9.2.0-799703.tar.gz
……
[root@tyger~]# ls
anaconda-ks.cfg Desktop install.log install.log.syslog vmware-tools-distrib
[root@tyger~]# cd vmware-tools-distrib/
[root@tygervmware-tools-distrib]# ls
bin doc etc FILES INSTALL installer lib vmware-install.pl
[root@tygervmware-tools-distrib]# ./vmware-install.pl
回車
回車
回車
……
三、關閉一些沒必要的服務(自己練習階段)
service NetworkManager stop
service acpid stop
service anacron stop
service apmd stop
service atd stop
service auditd stop
service autofs stop
service avahi-daemon stop
service avahi-dnsconfd stop
service bluetooth stop
service conman stop
service cpuspeed stop
service cups stop
service dnsmasq stop
service dund stop
service firstboot stop
service gpm stop
service haldaemon stop
service hidd stop
service ip6tables stop
service ipmi stop
service ipmievd stop
service iptables stop
service irda stop
service irqbalance stop
service kdump stop
service kudzu stop
service mcstrans stop
service mdmpd stop
service microcode_ctl stop
service netconsole stop
service netfs stop
service netplugd stop
service nfs stop
service nfslock stop
service nscd stop
service ntpd stop
service pand stop
service pcscd stop
service portmap stop
service psacct stop
service rawdevices stop
service rdisc stop
service readahead_early stop
service readahead_later stop
service restorecond stop
service rhnsd stop
service rpcgssd stop
service rpcidmapd stop
service rpcsvcgssd stop
service saslauthd stop
service sendmail stop
service setroubleshoot stop
service smartd stop
service vncserver stop
service wdaemon stop
service winbind stop
service wpa_supplicant stop
service xfs stop
service xinetd stop
service ypbind stop
service yum-updatesd stop
四、設置沒必要的服務開機不啓動
chkconfig NetworkManager off
chkconfig acpid off
chkconfig anacron off
chkconfig apmd off
chkconfig atd off
chkconfig auditd off
chkconfig autofs off
chkconfig avahi-daemon off
chkconfig avahi-dnsconfd off
chkconfig bluetooth off
chkconfig conman off
chkconfig cpuspeed off
chkconfig cups off
chkconfig dnsmasq off
chkconfig dund off
chkconfig firstboot off
chkconfig gpm off
chkconfig haldaemon off
chkconfig hidd off
chkconfig ip6tables off
chkconfig ipmi off
chkconfig ipmievd off
chkconfig iptables off
chkconfig irda off
chkconfig isdn off
chkconfig irqbalance off
chkconfig kdump off
chkconfig kudzu off
chkconfig mcstrans off
chkconfig mdmpd off
chkconfig microcode_ctl off
chkconfig netconsole off
chkconfig netfs off
chkconfig netplugd off
chkconfig nfs off
chkconfig nfslock off
chkconfig nscd off
chkconfig ntpd off
chkconfig pand off
chkconfig pcscd off
chkconfig portmap off
chkconfig psacct off
chkconfig rawdevices off
chkconfig rdisc off
chkconfig readahead_early off
chkconfig readahead_later off
chkconfig restorecond off
chkconfig rhnsd off
chkconfig rpcgssd off
chkconfig rpcidmapd off
chkconfig rpcsvcgssd off
chkconfig saslauthd off
chkconfig sendmail off
chkconfig setroubleshoot off
chkconfig smartd off
chkconfig vncserver off
chkconfig wdaemon off
chkconfig winbind off
chkconfig wpa_supplicant off
chkconfig xfs off
chkconfig xinetd off
chkconfig ypbind off
chkconfig yum-updatesd off
五、修改版本支持
經過oracle驗證的redhat操作系統版本最高爲4,4以後的版本都沒有經過oracle驗證。沒有驗證的版本如果不修改的話,是無法安裝的。
[root@tyger ~]# vi /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 5.6 (Tikanga) |
改爲
Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 4.6 (Tikanga) |
[root@tyger ~]# cat/etc/redhat-release
cat /etc/redhat-release
Red Hat Enterprise LinuxServer release 4.6 (Tikanga)
六、YUM安裝軟件包
用YUM的工具來安裝所需軟件包(先將OEL5.6安裝鏡像文件加載到虛擬機光驅中)
[root@tyger ~]# mount /dev/cdrom /mnt
mount: block device /dev/cdrom is write-protected,mounting read-only
[root@tyger ~]#
[root@tyger ~]# vi/etc/yum.repos.d/public-yum-el5.repo
[root@tyger ~]#
[oel5] name = Enterprise Linux 5.6 DVD baseurl=file:///mnt/Server/ gpgcheck=0 enabled=1 |
[root@tyger etc]#
[root@tyger etc]# yum install oracle-validated
……略……
Total download size: 36 M
Is this ok [y/N]:y
Downloading Packages:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 1.8GB/s | 36 MB 00:00
Running rpm_check_debug
Running Transaction Test
Finished Transaction Test
Transaction Test Succeeded
Running Transaction
Installing : unixODBC 1/18
Installing : libXp 2/18
Installing : sysstat 3/18
Installing : compat-db 4/18
Installing : gdb 5/18
Installing :kernel-headers 6/18
Installing :glibc-headers 7/18
Installing : glibc-devel 8/18
Installing :libstdc++-devel 9/18
Installing :unixODBC-devel 10/18
Installing : libaio-devel 11/18
Installing :compat-gcc-34 12/18
Installing : gcc 13/18
Installing : gcc-c++ 14/18
Installing :compat-gcc-34-c++ 15/18
Installing :elfutils-libelf-devel 16/18
Installing : elfutils-libelf-devel-static 17/18
Installing :oracle-validated 18/18
Installed:
oracle-validated.i386 0:1.0.0-24.el5
Dependency Installed:
compat-db.i386 0:4.2.52-5.1
compat-gcc-34.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1
compat-gcc-34-c++.i386 0:3.4.6-4.1
elfutils-libelf-devel.i3860:0.137-3.el5
elfutils-libelf-devel-static.i386 0:0.137-3.el5
gcc.i3860:4.1.2-50.el5
gcc-c++.i386 0:4.1.2-50.el5
gdb.i3860:7.0.1-32.el5
glibc-devel.i386 0:2.5-58
glibc-headers.i386 0:2.5-58
kernel-headers.i386 0:2.6.18-238.el5
libXp.i3860:1.0.0-8.1.el5
libaio-devel.i386 0:0.3.106-5
libstdc++-devel.i386 0:4.1.2-50.el5
sysstat.i386 0:7.0.2-3.el5_5.1
unixODBC.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
unixODBC-devel.i386 0:2.2.11-7.1
Complete!
[root@tyger ~]#
1.1. 修改/etc/sysctl.conf文件
在安裝oracle軟件的驗證步驟,會明確的告訴你下面的設置,所以,我們可以提前將其改之,如果有興趣的同學,可以先安裝,驗證的時候,再改也是一樣的。
[root@tyger soft]# vi/etc/sysctl.conf
將 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500 改爲 net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024 65000 |
--使上面修改生效
[root@tyger soft]#/sbin/sysctl -p
net.ipv4.ip_forward = 0
net.ipv4.conf.default.rp_filter= 2
net.ipv4.conf.default.accept_source_route= 0
kernel.core_uses_pid = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies =1
fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.msgmni = 2878
kernel.msgmax = 8192
kernel.msgmnb = 65536
kernel.sem = 250 32000100 142
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.shmall =1073741824
kernel.shmmax =4294967295
kernel.sysrq = 1
net.core.rmem_default =262144
net.core.rmem_max =4194304
net.core.wmem_default =262144
net.core.wmem_max =1048576
fs.aio-max-nr = 3145728
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range= 1024 65000
vm.min_free_kbytes =51200
[root@tyger soft]#
1) 修改oracle用戶的密碼(我們使用YUM安裝了相關的程序包的同時,也爲我們創建了Oracle賬戶和相關的組)
[root@tyger ~]# passwdoracle
Changing password foruser oracle.
New UNIX password:
BAD PASSWORD: it is basedon a dictionary word
Retype new UNIX password:
passwd: allauthentication tokens updated successfully.
2) 創建相關目錄並賦權
[root@tyger ~]# mkdir/soft
[root@tyger ~]# chown -Roracle:oinstall /soft
[root@tyger ~]# chmod -R755 /soft
[root@comu ~]# mkdir -p/u01/app/oracle
[root@tyger ~]# chown -Roracle:oinstall /u01
[root@tyger ~]# chmod -R755 /u01
1.3. 主機名及IP的設定
[root@tyger ~]# vi/etc/hosts
# Do not remove thefollowing line, or various programs
# that require networkfunctionality will fail.
127.0.0.1 tygerlocalhost.localdomain localhost
(注意:本行的tyger要刪除,因爲下面增加的一行已經存在了)
::1 localhost6.localdomain6 localhost6
192.168.1.32 tyger
(注:增加此行,因爲在安裝的過程中,oracle會根據ip地址去做一些操作,如果此處沒有計算機的ip地址及計算機名,則在驗證的過程中會有警告)
1.4. 設置oracle用戶環境變量
[root@tyger ~]# su -oracle
[oracle@tyger ~]$
[oracle@tyger ~]$ vi.bash_profile
注:在文件的最下方增加如下內容 export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1 export ORACLE_SID=ORCL export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:/lib:/usr/lib |
修改完成,使其修改生效,如下:
[oracle@tyger ~]$ ..bash_profile
[oracle@tyger ~]$
或者
[oracle@tyger ~]$ source.bash_profile
[oracle@tyger ~]$
再或者註銷重新登錄
注:
ORACLE_BASE:oracle產品基目錄
ORACLE_HOME:數據庫產品目錄通常情況下HOME目錄是BASE的子目錄
ORACLE_SID:操作系統和oracle實例關聯的紐帶
PATH:將安裝後的oracle命令追加到執行搜索路徑
LD_LIBRARY_PATH:動態庫的位置
1.5. 上傳oracle安裝介質
(通過工具ssh進行上傳)
1、 連接ssh得先配置一下你的linux
① VM-----settings------NetworkAdapter
設置爲host-only模式 Devicestatus中的都勾選
OK
② Edit------VirtualNetwork Editor-----
設置VMnet1 爲host-only且將Subnet IP設置與你linuxIP地址在同一個網段(我的IP:192.168.12.70所以我設置爲:192.168.12.0)
====================================================
補充:如果你不知道你的liunxIP地址你可以打開一個終端查一下
[root@tyger ~]# ifconfig
eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:0C:29:2A:24:66
inet addr:192.168.12.70 Bcast:192.168.12.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr:fe80::20c:29ff:fe2a:2466/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:3030 errors:0 dropped:0overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1739 errors:0 dropped:0overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:302428 (295.3 KiB) TX bytes:274398 (267.9 KiB)
Interrupt:67 Base address:0x2024
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1
RX packets:1026 errors:0 dropped:0overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:1026 errors:0 dropped:0overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:0
RX bytes:1359652 (1.2 MiB) TX bytes:1359652 (1.2 MiB)
[root@tyger ~]#
============================================================================
OK
2、 連接SSH上傳文件10201_database_linux32到linux的 /soft 目錄下
上傳完成
1) 解壓剛剛上傳文件
[root@tyger ~]# xhost +
access control disabled,clients can connect from any host
[root@tyger ~]# su -oracle
[oracle@tyger ~]$ cd/soft
[oracle@tyger soft]$ ls
10201_database_linux32.zip linux-oracle-needed-software
[oracle@tyger soft]$unzip 10201_database_linux32.zip
…………
inflating:database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_dep_default.properties
inflating:database/stage/oracle.server.10_2_0_1_0_1120187896411.bak
inflating: database/stage/fastcopy.xml
inflating: database/welcome.html
[oracle@tyger soft]$
[oracle@tyger soft]$ ls
10201_database_linux32.zip database linux-oracle-needed-software
2) 開始安裝oracle軟件(啓動圖形化界面)
[oracle@tyger soft]$ cddatabase/
[oracle@tyger database]$ls
doc install response runInstaller stage welcome.html
[oracle@tyger database]$ ./runInstaller
3) 下面開始就跟着圖片做,剛開始不需要管因爲什麼,只知道怎麼做。
Next
Next
Next
出現下面時是自動添加的,和環境變量設置是一樣的
Next
可以看到全部通過,perfect!!!
Next
選擇Install database Software only 就好,之後我們會創建數據庫
Next
此時可以總體看一下你的配置信息,接下去就要開始安裝oracle數據庫軟件了
Install…….
手下留情!!!!!
此時會彈出兩個需要執行的腳本文件,還是打開一個新的終端執行了吧,要不還得自己去找腳本執行,
[root@tyger ~]#/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
Changing permissions of/u01/app/oracle/oraInventory to 770.
Changing groupname of /u01/app/oracle/oraInventoryto oinstall.
The execution of the script is complete
[root@tyger ~]#/u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0/root.sh
Running Oracle10 root.sh script...
The following environment variables are set as:
ORACLE_OWNER= oracle
ORACLE_HOME= /u01/app/oracle/product/10.2.0
Enter the full pathname of the local bin directory:[/usr/local/bin]:
Copyingdbhome to /usr/local/bin ...
Copyingoraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Copyingcoraenv to /usr/local/bin ...
Creating /etc/oratab file...
Entries will be added to the /etc/oratab file asneeded by
Database Configuration Assistant when a database iscreated
Finished running generic part of root.sh script.
Now product-specific root actions will beperformed.
[root@tyger ~]#
OK……
EXIT
Yes
1.7. 創建oracle數據庫
接着開始用圖形化界面創建oracle數據庫(DBCA)
[oracle@tyger ~]$ dbca
-bash: dbca: command not found
如果出現上面的問題,是因爲環境變量設置的有問題
[oracle@tyger ~]$ vi .bash_profile
將路徑:
exportORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0/db_1
改爲
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/10.2.0
修改完成,使其修改生效,如下:
[oracle@tyger ~]$ ..bash_profile
[oracle@tyger ~]$
或者
[oracle@tyger ~]$ source.bash_profile
[oracle@tyger ~]$
再或者註銷重新登錄
準備工作做好了,好了……開始圖形化界面
[oracle@tyger ~]$ dbca
Next
…
Next
…
Next
…
輸入你的Global Database Name (全局數據庫名稱),下面的SID會自動補全,這個SID一定要和你環境變量設置的SID相同。
環境變量的SID設置如下:
export ORACLE_SID=ORCL
next
接下來這個界面問你是否要安裝oracle的EM ,這裏可以不安裝,到後來我們學習自己手動安裝EM(oracle的一個圖形化界面管理工具)
你可以創建完數據庫,接着配置EM,要問怎麼辦,給你網址你懂得~~
我自己總結的 tyger tyger tyger ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
http://blog.csdn.net/wanghui5767260/article/details/15506419
NEXT
這裏統一設置密碼爲:oracle
Next
..
Next
..
Next
….
只有選中後,數據庫安裝時纔會將SCOTT、HR等用戶創建上,否則是沒有此用戶的。另注意,默認情況下,這些用戶都是鎖定的,需要人工解鎖。
1.71_內存、塊大小、字符集、連接模式設置
1) 內存,可以分配百分比,也可以手工指定SGA和PGA的大小
2) 數據庫默認塊大小
3) 字符集設置,可以採用默認的(默認字符集是什麼跟操作系統有關係),也可以使用UTF8或者選擇你指定的字符集
4) 連接模式,選擇,專用模式
1.72_確認數據庫存儲信息,下一步
1.73_默認只有創建數據庫是選中狀態
可以將我們目前所有創建的步驟保存爲模板,同時也可以將這些步驟保存爲腳本
1.74_所有安裝的組件
1.75_點擊OK後,首先彈出模板保存成功對話框
1.76_然後彈出,腳本保存成功對話框
1.77_點擊OK,開始創建數據庫
根據機器的情況不同,時間也有所差異,請慢慢等待
1.78_點擊EXIT,安裝完成