在移植到arm開發板的時候已經說過,opencv已經爲各平臺準備了一套cmake交叉編譯腳本。爲android移植的腳本在opencv目錄/platforms/android/android.toolchain.cmake。
這個腳本里面有很詳細的過程介紹,按照它裏面的說明,配置好ndk的路徑,就可以了。
但我們還需要實現其他目的:
1、使用fpu,neon,且Tag_FP_arch: VFPv4
2、動態庫的形式編譯
這些通過閱讀android.toolchain.cmake文件,以及opencv目錄下的CMakeLists.txt文件可以知道。例如關於abi的說明(在交叉編譯腳本):
# ABI-specific flags
if( ARMEABI_V7A )
set( ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS "${ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS} -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp" )
if( NEON )
set( ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS "${ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS} -mfpu=neon" )
elseif( VFPV3 )
set( ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS "${ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS} -mfpu=vfpv3" )
else()
set( ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS "${ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS} -mfpu=vfpv3-d16" )
endif()
elseif( ARMEABI_V6 )
set( ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS "${ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS} -march=armv6 -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=vfp" ) # vfp == vfpv2
elseif( ARMEABI )
set( ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS "${ANDROID_CXX_FLAGS} -march=armv5te -mtune=xscale -msoft-float" )
endif()
看上面沒有vfpv4的,先不更改了。
而關於編譯動態庫的,則在opencv/CMakeLists.txt內:
169 # OpenCV build components
170 # ===================================================
171 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_SHARED_LIBS "Build shared libraries (.dll/.so) instead of static ones (.lib/.a)" NOT (ANDROID OR IOS) )
172 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_opencv_apps "Build utility applications (used for example to train classifiers)" (NOT ANDROID) IF (NOT IOS) )
173 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_ANDROID_EXAMPLES "Build examples for Android platform" ON IF ANDROID )
174 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_DOCS "Create build rules for OpenCV Documentation" ON )
175 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_EXAMPLES "Build all examples" OFF )
176 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_PACKAGE "Enables 'make package_source' command" ON )
177 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_PERF_TESTS "Build performance tests" ON IF (NOT IOS) )
178 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_TESTS "Build accuracy & regression tests" ON IF (NOT IOS) )
179 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_WITH_DEBUG_INFO "Include debug info into debug libs (not MSCV only)" ON )
180 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_WITH_STATIC_CRT "Enables use of staticaly linked CRT for staticaly linked OpenCV" ON IF MSVC )
181 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_FAT_JAVA_LIB "Create fat java wrapper containing the whole OpenCV library" ON IF NOT BUILD_SHARED_LIBS AND CMAKE_COMPILER_IS_GNUCXX )
182 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_ANDROID_SERVICE "Build OpenCV Manager for Google Play" OFF IF ANDROID AND ANDROID_SOURCE_TREE )
183 OCV_OPTION(BUILD_ANDROID_PACKAGE "Build platform-specific package for Google Play" OFF IF ANDROID )
執行cmake指令:
cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=../install_neon_dir -DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=RELEASE -DBUILD_SHARED_LIBS=1 -DCMAKE_TOOLCHAIN_FILE=../android.toolchain.cmake -DANDROID_ABI="armeabi-v7a with NEON" ../../../
可以看到結果爲:
-- C/C++:
-- Built as dynamic libs?: YES
-- C++ Compiler: /home/gumh/software/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-g++ (ver 4.8)
-- C++ flags (Release): -fexceptions -frtti -Wno-psabi --sysroot=/home/gumh/software/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-8/arch-arm -fpic -funwind-tables -finline-limit=64 -fsigned-char -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wa,--noexecstack -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -fomit-frame-pointer -mfpu=neon -mthumb -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C++ flags (Debug): -fexceptions -frtti -Wno-psabi --sysroot=/home/gumh/software/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-8/arch-arm -fpic -funwind-tables -finline-limit=64 -fsigned-char -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wa,--noexecstack -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wsign-promo -Wno-narrowing -Wno-delete-non-virtual-dtor -fdiagnostics-show-option -fomit-frame-pointer -mfpu=neon -marm -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -O0 -g -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- C Compiler: /home/gumh/software/android-ndk-r9d/toolchains/arm-linux-androideabi-4.8/prebuilt/linux-x86_64/bin/arm-linux-androideabi-gcc
-- C flags (Release): -fexceptions -Wno-psabi --sysroot=/home/gumh/software/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-8/arch-arm -fpic -funwind-tables -finline-limit=64 -fsigned-char -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wa,--noexecstack -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wno-narrowing -fdiagnostics-show-option -fomit-frame-pointer -mfpu=neon -mthumb -fomit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -O3 -DNDEBUG -DNDEBUG
-- C flags (Debug): -fexceptions -Wno-psabi --sysroot=/home/gumh/software/android-ndk-r9d/platforms/android-8/arch-arm -fpic -funwind-tables -finline-limit=64 -fsigned-char -no-canonical-prefixes -march=armv7-a -mfloat-abi=softfp -mfpu=neon -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -Wa,--noexecstack -fsigned-char -W -Wall -Werror=return-type -Werror=address -Werror=sequence-point -Wformat -Werror=format-security -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-prototypes -Wstrict-prototypes -Wundef -Winit-self -Wpointer-arith -Wshadow -Wno-narrowing -fdiagnostics-show-option -fomit-frame-pointer -mfpu=neon -marm -fno-omit-frame-pointer -fno-strict-aliasing -O0 -g -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG -O0 -DDEBUG -D_DEBUG
-- Linker flags (Release): -Wl,--fix-cortex-a8 -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now
-- Linker flags (Debug): -Wl,--fix-cortex-a8 -Wl,--no-undefined -Wl,--gc-sections -Wl,-z,noexecstack -Wl,-z,relro -Wl,-z,now
-- Precompiled headers: YES
在arm的編譯時,設置-mfpu是:-mfpu=neon-vfpv4,這裏只是neon.
最後編譯的結果爲:
[zzz@localhost build_neon]$ readelf -a lib/armeabi-v7a/libopencv_core.so
...
Attribute Section: aeabi
File Attributes
Tag_CPU_name: "ARM v7"
Tag_CPU_arch: v7
Tag_CPU_arch_profile: Application
Tag_ARM_ISA_use: Yes
Tag_THUMB_ISA_use: Thumb-2
Tag_FP_arch: VFPv3
Tag_Advanced_SIMD_arch: NEONv1
Tag_ABI_PCS_wchar_t: 4
Tag_ABI_FP_denormal: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_exceptions: Needed
Tag_ABI_FP_number_model: IEEE 754
Tag_ABI_align_needed: 8-byte
Tag_ABI_enum_size: int
Tag_ABI_HardFP_use: SP and DP
Tag_ABI_optimization_goals: Aggressive Speed
Tag_CPU_unaligned_access: v6
Tag_DIV_use: Not allowed