已經是凌晨深夜，終於找到了問題。昨天晚上打算把自己源碼編譯的mysql8docker鏡像搭建一下主從複製。我使用本地目錄掛載到了mysql容器的data目錄。然後使用/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data user=mysql 命令初始化了目錄。my.cnf配置如下：
[client]
default-character-set=utf8
#password = your_password
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
[mysqld]
#sql_mode=STRICT_TRANS_TABLES,NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION
character-set-server=utf8mb4
port = 3306
socket = /tmp/mysql.sock
basedir = /usr/local/mysql/
datadir = /usr/local/mysql/data/
skip-external-locking
key_buffer_size = 16M
max_allowed_packet = 1M
table_open_cache = 64
sort_buffer_size = 512K
net_buffer_length = 8K
read_buffer_size = 256K
read_rnd_buffer_size = 512K
myisam_sort_buffer_size = 8M
init_connect='SET NAMES utf8'
# 錯誤日誌配置
log-error = /usr/local/mysql/log/error.log
pid-file = /usr/local/mysql/run/mysql.pid
#慢日誌設置
slow_query_log=1
long_query_time=2
slow_query_log_file=/usr/local/mysql/log/slow_query.log
# bin-log二進制日誌設置
log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysqlbin/mysql-bin
# logging format: mixed|statement|row
binlog_format=statement
# 主從配置
# required unique id between 1 and 2^32 - 1 defaults to 1 if master-host is not set
server-id = 1
#Innodb配置
innodb_data_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
#innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_log_group_home_dir = /usr/local/mysql/data
# You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 %
# of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high
innodb_buffer_pool_size = 128M
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 10M
# Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size
innodb_log_file_size = 32M
innodb_log_buffer_size = 10M
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1
innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 10
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size = 128M
sort_buffer_size = 128M
read_buffer = 2M
write_buffer = 2M
令我意外的是mysql初始化失敗了報錯內容如下:
2020-06-26T15:58:05.081668Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-013455] [Server] The newly created data directory /usr/local/mysql/data/ by --initialize is unusable. You can remove it.
2020-06-26T15:58:05.082758Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting
意思是初始化mysql的data數據目錄不可用。
在經過了一番折騰之後還是不行，google、百度很久都沒有找到解決辦法，無奈只能自己找問題。
既然是報錯的是data目錄不可用，那好，我就從這裏入手，由於docker掛載目錄是不允許刪除的，我就run了一個測試容器（無掛載目錄，無配置），然後在容器中執行初始化命令。結果初始化成功了。此時已經距離成功不遠。
我基本斷行是關於data目錄配置的關係了。想想自己設置開啓主從配置，也就修改了幾個配置項而已。有關data數據目錄也就只有bin-log的存儲位置了，如下圖所示：
然後我嘗試將這個配置項註釋（mysql8默認是開啓bin-log的），然後重新初始化mysql，媽耶，果然是這個配置的問題。他初始化成功了。
問題是解決了，可是爲什麼修改了bin-log目錄會失敗呢？打開官方文檔，找到關於–bin-log的配置。原文如下
只能在初始化的時候使用–bin-log 指定目錄
總結：如果有自定義my.cnf配置bin-log 目錄及文件的一定要在初始化的時候指定目錄/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --log-bin=[自定義的二進制目錄]
另外需要注意的是，自定義的目錄必須先創建好，mysql初始化不會自動創建自定義的binlog目錄
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --basedir=/usr/local/mysql --datadir=/usr/local/mysql/data --log-bin=/usr/local/mysql/log/mysqlbin/mysql-bin --user=mysql