常用SQl 查詢語句

 常用SQl 查詢語句收藏

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1 找出佣金高於薪金60%的僱員。
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE comm>sal*0.6;

2 找出部門10中所有經理和部門20中所有辦事員的詳細資料。
SELECT * FROM emp
WHERE deptno=10 AND JOB='MANAGER' OR deptno=20 AND job='CLERK';

3 找出部門10中所有經理，部門20中所有辦事員以及既不是經理又不是辦事員但其薪金大於或等2000的所有僱員的詳細資料。
SELECT * FROM emp
WHERE deptno=10 AND JOB='MANAGER' OR deptno=20 AND job='CLERK' OR JOB NOT IN('MANAGER','CLERK') AND SAL>=2000;
SELECT * FROM emp
WHERE deptno=10 AND JOB='MANAGER' OR deptno=20 AND job='CLERK' OR (JOB<>'MANAGER' AND JOB<>'MANAGER' AND SAL>=2000);

4 找出收取佣金的僱員的不同工作。
SELECT DISTINCT JOB FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NOT NULL;

5 找出不收取佣金或收取的佣金低於300的僱員。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE COMM IS NULL OR COMM<300;

6 找出各月最後一天受僱的所有僱員。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE HIREDATE=LAST_DAY(HIREDATE);
--找出各月最後受僱的所有僱員
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE hiredate IN
(SELECT maxh FROM
(SELECT MAX(HIREDATE) AS maxh,EXTRACT(MONTH FROM hiredate)
FROM EMP
GROUP BY EXTRACT(MONTH FROM hiredate)));

7 找出晚於26年之前受僱的僱員。
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE months_between(SYSDATE,hiredate)<=26*12;

8 顯示只有首字母大寫的的所有僱員的姓名。
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ename=initcap(ename);

9 顯示正好爲5個字符的僱員的姓名。
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE length(ename)=5;

10顯示不帶有“R”的僱員姓名。
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE instr(ename,'R')=0;
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ename NOT LIKE '%R%';

11顯示所有僱員的姓名的前三個字符。
SELECT substr(ename,1,3) AS en3 FROM emp;

12顯所有僱員的姓名，用a替換所有“A”。
SELECT REPLACE(ename,'A','a') FROM emp;

13顯示所有僱員的姓名以及滿10年服務年限的日期。
SELECT ENAME,HIREDATE,ADD_MONTHS(HIREDATE,120) AS H_10Y FROM EMP;

14顯示僱員的詳細資料，按姓名排序。
SELECT * FROM EMP ORDER BY ENAME;

15顯示僱員姓名，根據其服務年限，將最老的僱員排在最前面。
SELECT ENAME,HIREDATE FROM EMP ORDER BY HIREDATE;

16顯示所有僱員的姓名、工作和薪金，按工作內的工作的降序順序順序排序，而工作按薪金排序。
SELECT ENAME,JOB,SAL
FROM EMP
ORDER BY JOB DESC,SAL;

17顯示所有僱員的姓名和加入公司的年份和月份，按僱員受僱日所在月排序，並將最早年份的項目排在最前面。
SELECT ENAME,TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'YYYY-MM') AS Y_M
FROM EMP
ORDER BY TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'MM'),TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'YYYY');

18顯示在一個月爲30天的情況下所有僱員的日薪金，取整。
SELECT ROUND(SAL/30) AS SAL FROM EMP;

19找出在（任何年份的）2月受聘的所有僱員。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE TO_CHAR(HIREDATE,'MM')='02';

20對於每個僱員，顯示其加入公司的天數。
SELECT CEIL(SYSDATE-HIREDATE) AS DY FROM EMP;

21顯示姓名字段的任何位置，包含“A”的所有僱員的姓名。
SELECT ENAME FROM EMP WHERE ENAME LIKE '%A%';
SELECT ENAME FROM EMP WHERE INSTR(ENAME,'A')>0;

22以年、月和日顯示所有僱員的服務年限。
SELECT HIREDATE,
  FLOOR(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATE)/12) AS Y,
  MOD(FLOOR(MONTHS_BETWEEN(SYSDATE,HIREDATE)),12) AS M,
  MOD(FLOOR(SYSDATE-HIREDATE),30) AS D
FROM EMP;

23列出至少有一個僱員的所有部門。
SELECT * FROM DEPT WHERE DEPTNO IN (SELECT DISTINCT DEPTNO FROM EMP);

24列出薪金比“SMITH”多的所有僱員。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL>(SELECT SAL FROM EMP WHERE ENAME='SMITH');

25列出所有僱員的姓名及其上級的姓名。
SELECT ygb.ename AS empnm,sjb.ename AS mgrnm
FROM emp ygb,emp sjb
WHERE ygb.mgr=sjb.empno;

26列出入職日期早於其直接上級的所有僱員。
SELECT * FROM emp ygb WHERE hiredate<(SELECT hiredate FROM emp sjb WHERE sjb.empno=ygb.mgr);

27列出部門和這些部門的僱員，同時列出那些沒有僱員的部門。
/*
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp)
UNION
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp)
*/
SELECT dname,ename
FROM dept a LEFT JOIN emp b
ON a.deptno=b.deptno;

28列出所有“CLERK”（辦事員）的姓名及其部門名稱。
SELECT ename,dname
FROM dept a,emp b
WHERE a.deptno=b.deptno AND job='CLERK';

29列出各種類型的最低薪金，並使最低薪金大於1500。
SELECT job,MIN(sal)
FROM emp
GROUP BY job
HAVING MIN(sal)>1500;

30列出從事“SALES”（銷售）工作的僱員的姓名，假定不知道銷售部的部門編號。
SELECT ename FROM emp WHERE deptno=(SELECT deptno FROM dept WHERE dname='SALES');

31列出薪金高於公司平均水平的所有僱員。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL>(SELECT AVG(SAL) FROM EMP);

32列出與“SCOTT”從事相同工作的所有僱員。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE JOB=(SELECT JOB FROM EMP WHERE ENAME='SCOTT') AND ENAME<>'SCOTT';

33列出薪金等於在部門30工作的所有僱員的姓名和薪金。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL IN(SELECT SAL FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO=30);

34列出薪金高於在部門30工作的所有僱員的姓名和薪金。
SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE SAL >ALL(SELECT SAL FROM EMP WHERE DEPTNO=30);

35列出在每個部門工作的僱員的經理以及其他信息。
SELECT A.*,B.*
FROM DEPT A,EMP B
WHERE A.DEPTNO=B.DEPTNO AND JOB='MANAGER';
/*
SELECT A.*,B.*
FROM (SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE JOB<>'MANAGER') A,(SELECT * FROM EMP WHERE JOB='MANAGER') B
WHERE A.DEPTNO=B.DEPTNO AND B.JOB='MANAGER'
ORDER BY A.DEPTNO;
*/

36列出所有僱員的僱員名稱、部門名稱和薪金。
SELECT ENAME,DNAME,SAL
FROM DEPT A,EMP B
WHERE A.DEPTNO=B.DEPTNO;

37列出從事同一種工作但屬於不同部門的僱員的不同組合。
SELECT * FROM emp ORDER BY job,deptno;

38列出分配有僱員數量的所有部門的詳細信息，即使是分配有0個僱員。
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp)
UNION
SELECT * FROM dept WHERE deptno NOT IN (SELECT DISTINCT deptno FROM emp)

39列出各種類型工作的最低工資。
SELECT job,MIN(sal)
FROM emp
GROUP BY job;

40列出各個部門的MANAGER（經理）的最低薪金。
SELECT MIN(sal) FROM emp WHERE job='MANAGER';

41列出按年薪排序的所有僱員的年薪。
SELECT sal*12 AS y_sal FROM emp ORDER BY sal*12;

42列出薪金水平處於第四位的僱員。
SELECT * FROM
  (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)
WHERE rn=4;

43查找EMP表中前5條記錄
SELECT * FROM emp WHERE ROWNUM<=5;

44查找EMP表中10條以後的記錄
SELECT * FROM (SELECT a.*,ROWNUM AS rn FROM emp a) WHERE rn>10;

45查找EMP表中薪水第5高的員工
SELECT * FROM
  (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)
WHERE rn=5;

46查找EMP表部門30中薪水第3的員工
SELECT * FROM
  (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(PARTITION BY deptno ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)
WHERE rn=5 AND deptno=30;

47查找EMP表中每部門薪水第3的員工
SELECT * FROM
  (SELECT a.*,row_number() over(PARTITION BY deptno ORDER BY sal DESC) AS rn FROM emp a)
WHERE rn=3;

48統計各部門的薪水總和.
SELECT deptno,SUM(sal) AS sumsal
FROM emp
GROUP BY deptno;

--每個部門員工和經理的詳細信息:編號,姓名,薪水,入職日期,部門編號
SELECT a.empno AS eno,a.ename AS enm,a.job AS ejob,a.sal AS esal,a.hiredate AS edate,a.deptno AS edept,
       b.empno AS mno,b.ename AS mnm,b.job AS mjob,b.sal AS msal,b.hiredate AS mdate,b.deptno AS mdept
FROM (SELECT * FROM emp WHERE job<>'MANAGER' AND job<>'PRESIDENT') a,(SELECT * FROM emp WHERE job='MANAGER') b
WHERE a.deptno=b.deptno;