記一次centos7離線安裝mysql8

安裝之前需要刪除系統自帶的mariadb-libs

rpm -qa | grep mariadb-libs

rpm -e --nodeps mariadb-libs-5.5.60-1.el7_5.x86_64

開始安裝mysql
解壓安裝包

tar -zxvf mysql-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm-bundle.tar

進入解壓後的文件順序執行以下4個命令進行安裝：

rpm -ivh mysql-community-common-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-libs-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-client-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm
rpm -ivh mysql-community-server-8.0.17-1.el8.x86_64.rpm

查看是否安裝成功

rpm -qa|grep mysql

初始化

mysqld --initialize

查看初始化密碼

vim /var/log/mysqld.log

找到以下日誌：

A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: JU.JWae-a56g

其中JU.JWae-a56g就是root用戶的初始登錄密碼

啓動數據庫

systemctl start mysqld

這裏遇到了一個問題，沒有啓動成功，如下

Job for mysqld.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status mysqld.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.

去查看日誌vim /var/log/mysqld.log發現報錯了

2019-08-24T11:30:09.675185Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012271] [InnoDB] InnoDB: The innodb_system data file 'ibdata1' must be writable
2019-08-24T11:30:09.695461Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-012278] [InnoDB] InnoDB: The innodb_system data file 'ibdata1' must be writable
2019-08-24T11:30:09.722938Z 1 [ERROR] [MY-010334] [Server] Failed to initialize DD Storage Engine
2019-08-24T11:30:09.723136Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010020] [Server] Data Dictionary initialization failed.
2019-08-24T11:30:09.723170Z 0 [ERROR] [MY-010119] [Server] Aborting

上網搜了一下，說是權限問題導致數據文件不可寫，解決辦法：

chown -R mysql /var/lib/mysql

之後重新啓動就可以了

登錄：mysql -u root -p,密碼就是前面的JU.JWae-a56g

修改登錄密碼：

alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by '123456';

其中，‘123456’就是修改後的root用戶的密碼
刷新：flush privileges;使修改生效

開放3306端口

firewall-cmd --zone=public --add-port=3306/tcp --permanent
firewall-cmd --reload
firewall-cmd --zone=public --list-ports

顯示3306/tcp則說明成功

開放遠程連接權限
使用root登錄MySQL

CREATE USER 'root'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY '123456';
flush privileges;

123456是登錄密碼；

爲用戶授權
用root賬戶登錄

grant all privileges on *.* to 'root'@'%';
flush privileges;