左耳朵耗子：從“打工人”到技術創業者，我是如何作死的

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“你要問我現在是不是最好的時代，我覺得從1998年我職業生涯開啓到現在，我經歷過的這20多年，就是最好的時代。未來是不是比這更好我不知道。但我沒有生不逢時，我有幸生在這樣一個黃金年代，經歷過了許多最刺激的事情”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"今年45歲的陳皓（網名：左耳朵耗子），是一位骨灰級的老程序員。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"早先，他“叛逆”地從老家給他分了房子的國企離職，毅然決定去大城市闖蕩，結果遇到了互聯網泡沫，基本找不到工作，只能做個外包。而過了幾年事業要有發展的時候，又遇到了08年金融危機，沒有去成畢業時最想去的微軟。在2010年降薪降職去亞馬遜（降薪20萬\/年，從總監降到一級leader, 那時沒人知道亞馬遜是個技術公司）。他先後在湯森路透、亞馬遜、阿里等公司從事軟件開發工作，而後又自立門戶開啓技術創業之路，走上了創業“不歸路”，創辦了 MegaEase，致力於通過雲原生基礎設施給所有公司輸出頂級互聯網公司的技術架構和基礎設施。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在陳皓的整個成長過程中，可以看到他並不是一個安分的人，他總是在做一些一般人做不出來的事情，因爲他從銀行出來的原因，就是覺得自己學了正確的專業，也遇到了正確的時間，但是卻呆在了錯誤的地方，所以，他的人生目的就是爲了要去經歷最有意思的事……"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近日，InfoQ跟MegaEase創始人，也是中國基礎軟件創新大會微服務&服務治理專場出品人陳皓聊了聊他進入軟件開發行業摸爬滾打的這20年，他見證了互聯網、移動互聯網的興起與繁榮，也正在見證着雲原生、基礎軟件等新技術風口的誕生....應該如何把握機會，跟得上時代的步伐，作爲多次技術浪潮的親歷者，陳皓的經歷或許能給技術人帶來一些啓發。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"放棄國企分的房子，我要去互聯網世界看看"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"1998年，剛畢業的陳皓找到了一份令人羨慕的工作，他進入了雲南省工商銀行擔任技術員，主要負責銀行網絡、郵件系統和辦公自動化系統。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"沒多久，陳皓還分到了一套房子，年紀輕輕便成爲“有房一族”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在銀行待了2年，陳皓卻越來越感到工作沒意思。銀行把很多工作都外包出去給了系統集成商，而自己內部的技術人員不做實施，只做維護，沒什麼可以發揮的空間。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而此時，體制之外正風起雲湧。在1998年那個時代，新聞上每天都能看到當時的IT巨頭微軟、IBM、Oracle、Sun、Borland……等等IT公司的新聞，當時的微軟就是業界標杆，是程序員夢寐以求的公司。陳皓對此也不例外。所以，他想出去闖闖。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他的辭職信只寫了一句話： 本人對現有的工作毫無興趣，申請辭職。“處長說，那分給你的房子就要收回了。我說‘好啊’”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“銀行不代表我的未來，一套房也不能保住我的未來”，儘管遭到了幾乎所有親朋好友的反對，陳皓還是決然要離開。“我在正確的時間，學了正確的專業（計算機專業），卻到了一個錯誤的地方，銀行束縛住了我”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從銀行離開後，陳皓決定去大城市上海闖一闖。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但當自己拎着行李箱站在上海火車站的一瞬間，陳皓突然覺得，自己在老家的那些驕傲在偌大的城市面前或許已經蕩然無存了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"闖蕩上海的第一步並不順利，還遇到互聯網泡沫，所有的互聯網公司都在倒閉。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第一次求職面試，陳皓就感受到了極大的挫敗感，面試官問了他半個小時問題，他卻一個也答不上來。剛畢業沒見過多大的世面，技術能力跟不上，加上性格內向，陳皓嚇得連頭都不敢擡，更不敢回答面試官的問題。接下來的幾次面試仍是這樣的尷尬局面。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最終在同學的幫助下，他終於找到了在上海的第一份工作，進入給銀行做系統集成軟件的南天公司。期間，因爲技術差，常犯低級錯誤，連一些簡單的技術問題也不知道怎麼解決。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓感到很迷茫，他常常自我懷疑是否做了錯誤的決定。但他又不甘心回老家，當時是頂着所有人的反對出來的，還放棄了一套房子，現在陷入瞭如此尷尬的情形。另說回去了，整個人都想直接“消失”掉，因爲必然有很多人在看自己的笑話。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他決定改變現狀。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不會溝通，交際能力差，他就經常出去參加面試，鍛鍊自己。技術差，陳皓就開始加強學習，瘋狂地看書，惡補計算機知識，每逢週末或放假，別人大都出去玩了，他還在看書學習。沒有自己的電腦，就到網吧裏讓網吧老闆裝編程軟件，別人都在打遊戲聊天看電影，而陳皓則在寫代碼，跟周圍的人格格不入。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"就這樣堅持了一年多，還好是計算機專業科班出生，所以基礎還在，陳皓明顯的感受到，自己在飛速成長，並且逐漸找到了適合自己的學習方法，一些技術難題也能短時間內輕鬆解決了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"他也逐漸意識到，自己在偏離“做出有價值的軟件”的初衷。在南天公司，他還是在做銀行系統那套東西，只不過從甲方變成了乙方。而外包並不是一條長久之路。外包本質上是勞動密集型工作，技術門檻低，技術含量低，缺乏開創性和創造力，只是代碼的操作工。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓再次決定離開。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"與剛來上海時的情形不同，這時的陳皓已經不愁找工作了，北京的幾家公司向他伸來了橄欖枝。2002年，陳皓去了北京，加入了一家做分佈式計算平臺軟件的公司 - Platform。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我的人生目標就是要去最前沿的公司經歷最刺激的事情”，在2010年互聯網復甦的時候，陳皓得到了來自亞馬遜的機會，但是，亞馬遜開的職位和工資並不是很好，而陳皓在湯森路透做則是風生水起，成爲了公司重點培養的人。但他最終又選擇降薪降職去了亞馬遜。“亞馬遜是一家很奇葩的公司，賣書都能賣出全世界第一個推薦系統，第一個雲平臺，我必須要去看一下”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"你會發現，陳皓做的選擇只計較是否有有價值的經歷，而不是薪資待遇或是職位權力。“在我24歲的從銀行出來的的時候我知道我想要什麼了”，陳皓的人生目的性非常強，只要那些有價值的經歷，哪怕失敗也不後悔。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"後來，陳皓因爲團隊被整體遷到美國，陳皓又去了阿里，在阿里做了聚石塔和阿里雲。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓的整個技術生涯，專注於分佈式，高併發，高可用，雲原生等技術領域，在企業級的架構上積累了豐富的經驗。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在再回想起當年那些選擇，陳皓坦言，“後來的某些時刻，我曾懷疑和後悔過是否選錯了路，但最終，那些不順的經歷最終都提升了我選擇進入世界頂級IT公司做軟件開發的決心。不要輕易覺得哪一種選擇是錯的，其實這個世界沒有對錯，關鍵是你想要什麼。困難、坎坷只是暫時的，只要方向選對了，就一定要堅持住，並‘拼命’提升自己，讓自己變得越來越強，然後等待機會來時，一把抓住它”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"打工比創業輕鬆，但創業比打工好玩兒"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2015年，是陳皓職業生涯的一個轉折點。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這一年，39歲的陳皓最切實地感受到了中年危機，很多事情都在這一時間一股腦地湧了過來。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"先是父親病危，他是家中的獨子，母親年齡大了，他需要趕回老家照顧父親，工作上的事也耽誤了。之後因爲北京工作居住證的問題，導致孩子上學又出了狀況。“那會兒壓力特別大，一邊是老人，一邊是孩子，工作上也有問題，中年危機，頭髮半年時間白了一半”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"經過綜合考慮，陳皓辭去了阿里的工作，回家照顧父親。在家這段時間，有不少公司來諮詢他如何解決一些技術問題，於是他一邊照料父親，解決家務事，一邊兼職打“散工”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在這個過程中，陳皓髮現，很多公司對技術的需求之大，然而他們卻找不到什麼好的人才，因爲基礎設施的缺失，他們在技術擴張的時候全是問題，他馬上意識到，這應該是一個可以創業的方向。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但這個時候，也有很多公司給陳皓拋來了高薪高職位的橄欖枝，國內基本所有的雲廠商都來找過他，還有很多正在高速成長的公司也重金聘請他，此外他自己手裏還有國外幾個大公司的Offer。如果他繼續選擇職場的話，他會過得很好。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"然而，陳皓又再一次“作死”，他開始創業了。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我當時深深地感受到了數字化轉型的趨勢。互聯網的成功引發了新一輪的數字化轉型”，陳皓說，“新一輪數字轉型表面上是互聯網化的東西，本質上是從企業側轉向用戶側，這個轉變過程中必然需要用戶營銷，企業在用戶側有三個核心需求：高可用、高併發、分佈式。而這些需求，只有雲原生可以解決，雲原生也正在逐漸成爲發展趨勢，因此我走上了這條路”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"2016年底，陳皓創辦了MegaEase，致力於打造雲原生基礎設施，服務內容爲架構，主要解決高併發和高可用的問題。而且還是一個沒有辦公室的遠程團隊。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"不過創業之路，並沒有最初想象中那麼輕鬆。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓一開始並不想拿投資，他覺得可以靠團隊的服務能力自給自足。這份自信來自於他拿到的2個大單 — 兩家做技術架構的公司加起來1000多萬的單子。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我覺得靠這兩單就可以白手起家了，不需要投資。但後來，一家公司倒閉了，它只付了50萬定金，另外一家公司也只付了50萬，後續因爲它的資金沒到位，加上覺得太耗錢就不做了”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"沒辦法，陳皓只好開始自掏腰包給團隊發工資。“但這不是最緊要的，關鍵是我把這些人‘忽悠’出來了，我對他們沒法交代了。那段時間是我壓力最大的時候，成宿成宿地睡不着覺，大概持續了20多天”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"後來，因爲餓了麼給了天使輪投資，化作及時雨，幫助陳皓渡過了這次難關。在“打散工”時，陳皓曾幫助餓了麼的技術團隊解決了很多技術問題，通過異地多活，幫助其撐住了全網的外賣訂單。這一次，老朋友伸出了援手。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這幾年的創業的大環境也是狀況頻出，2016年股災，2018年互聯網各種併購破產和爆雷，2019年中美貿易摩擦，2020年新冠疫情，2021年也並不安靜……創業很難，但在這樣的狀況下創業真是難上加難……用“作死”一詞並不爲過。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“還是打工輕鬆啊”，回顧起從“打工人”到創業者這一路走來，陳皓笑道。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“但創業比打工好玩兒很多，自從創業以後，我終於知道這個世界是怎麼運作的了。以前打工時，總是被封閉在辦公室的方格子間裏，只關心自己的工作，完全不知道世界是怎麼運作的。而創業要求你必須要知道所有的事，知道錢是怎麼掙的，用戶到底怎麼想的。想要把產品銷售出去就必須要瞭解用戶，要進入場景裏去了解，還要了解行業怎麼運作，有時候也能知道一些所謂的行業‘不傳之祕’，這些都有意思極了”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"創業的這4、5年裏，陳皓每天都能感覺到新知識的更新和迭代，因爲需要考慮從掙錢到產品到團隊建設以及外部合作等更多的事，他每天都在不停地得到提升，現在的眼界和想法已經不可同日而語。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雖然創業維艱，但讓他有點後悔的事，就是沒有能早點出來創業。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“如果我在30歲知道創業這麼有意思的話，像今天一樣知道世界是怎麼運轉的，那我今天應該早就成功了。但現在我時間真的不夠了。我今年45歲，人到50歲可能就不行了，我想去試錯。留給我的時間不多了，所以，每一天我都當成我人生的最後時光在過”。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"推崇遠程辦公，反加班，反內卷"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"從成立第一天起，MegaEase團隊就採取了遠程辦公的方式。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前陳皓團隊20多個人，分佈在全國多個城市。在遠程辦公模式下，無論是項目文檔、設計和代碼評審、自動化流程、還是相關遠程工作的支持工具，團隊都比坐班時更高效，質量更高。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這幾年，尤其在疫情的助推下，遠程辦公成爲流行。但在2016年，國內還很少有公司採用遠程辦公。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在傳統觀念裏，人們對辦企業的認知就是必須有個辦公室，人要多，纔像個做企業的樣子。當時，MegaEase面臨的質疑聲不少。投資人會感到困惑，員工的親屬甚至質疑其加入了傳銷組織。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"質疑多了，陳皓免不了會和身邊的人產生一些爭論，他常用開源軟件的例子來說服他們，開源圈有很多偉大的軟件，如Linux操作系統等都是以遠程的方式做的，且規模很大，參與的人很多。開源文化足以證明，遠程的工作文化也可以做出來一個偉大的軟件。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“我明白，走在一條大家很難理解的路上，必然要遭受這樣的非議，但我同時也覺得這是人生最有意義的地方，我願意去走這些沒人走過的路”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓也反對加班文化。他主張員工自己管理自己，加班並不意味着高效率，“我並不關心員工到底花了多長時間工作，我最關心他做什麼東西出來，是否做的有價值、有意義”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"現在社會內卷嚴重，“卷學”大行其道。採訪中，陳皓也談了自己對於內卷的看法，他認爲，“打工”很容易內卷，因爲工作往往會有天花板，亦或者會面臨領導給的壓力，在自己不可控的情況下，就容易內卷。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但如果自己在內卷，其實是自己現階段找不到出路、找不到自我提升辦法的一種體現，無奈只能內卷，加入到“你加班我比你加班更多”行列中。打破內卷最根本的解決辦法，還是要靠自我突破。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"雲原生，熱潮之下"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓認爲，相比“打工”，創業不那麼容易內卷，因爲你是用生死存亡來內卷，這個成本太高了，內卷是所有早期創業公司最害怕的事。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但如何從打工走向創業呢？"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"要學會等“天時地利人和”，有三點最爲關鍵："}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"bulletedlist","content":[{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇自己擅長的方向是創業者最大的核心競爭力；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"擅長的方向正好與時代的發展方向一致；"}]}]},{"type":"listitem","attrs":{"listStyle":null},"content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"創業時間點正好在快速爆發的前夜。"}]}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“如果這三點出現了，我個人覺得沒必要在公司待着了，就不應該打工，應該要創業了”，正是靠着這三個標準，陳皓在走上技術創業之路時，追上了雲原生的風口。今天大家在熱炒雲原生的時候，他已經完成了技術上的積累，正準備規模化中。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"在雲計算的驅動下，雲原生概念十分火熱，成爲新晉技術風口。未來，企業逐步走向雲原生已是大勢所趨。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓表示，在Cloud 1.0階段，各個廠商都在賣服務器、賣帶寬、賣存儲，也賣一些關鍵的中間件，這個階段主要以資源爲視角。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而到了雲原生階段，微服務架構、容器化、API成爲主流，在這個階段，雲計算玩的是應用視角和服務視角。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如何理解應用視角？“Cloud native的意思是，天生就是一個雲的應用架構，上不上雲，都已經是雲了。在應用時代，應用天生是雲原生資源，所有的軟件都將用雲原生的方式來寫”，陳皓說。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"最近幾年，雲原生在國內市場規模在不斷擴大。2019年那會兒，可能很多人還不知道什麼叫雲原生，當年中國雲原生市場規模達350.2億元。而到了2020年，有數據顯示，中國所有行業大約有27萬家公司應用雲計算，這27萬家公司總共花在雲計算的費用約爲3000億人民幣。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"目前在國內，企業應用和落地雲原生已具備一定的深度和廣度。陳皓髮現，即便在一些覺得沒有必要一定要應用雲原生的領域如HR系統，甲方都在要求使用雲原生，這不止是甲方的要求，政府部門也在要求具備雲原生的基礎。這說明，雲原生已不單單是一個“民間”趨勢，甚至在逐步上升到國家戰略層面。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生在國內企業的應用落地已經進展到了初期到早期的階段。不過現階段，企業落地雲原生還存在不少挑戰，一是人才缺乏；二是技術門檻高；三是技術繁雜，很多企業有“選擇困難症”；四，需要頂層架構，頂層設計需要有基礎規範，目前很多公司還沒有。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓表示，MegaEase 新階段的新目標是，降低門檻，讓大衆更能接受雲原生。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"創業4、5年，MegaEase經歷了poc（概念驗證）階段和大客戶階段，正在邁入第三個發展階段— 規模化階段。規模化階段的主要目標是把成本降下來，讓更多用戶可以使用產品。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"疫情期間，陳皓髮現，很多公司的流量變大了，與此同時，他們對低成本的需求在增加。這讓他意識到，僅僅做到高可用、高併發、快速的迭代開發還不夠，還要做到低成本。而低成本意味着可以更好地做規模化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"於是，自去年下半年開始，陳皓團隊集中精力研發了一款迭代快、更便宜，更適合規模化的產品— Easegress（雲原生流量調度服務）。今年6月，陳皓決定將MegaEase 正式開源，免費開放給企業使用。接下來，陳皓計劃將MegaEase捐給CNCF基金會。"}]},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"align":null,"level":2},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"strong"}],"text":"國產基礎軟件發展，還需要更多耐心"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"雲原生的普及，也在助推基礎軟件崛起。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"近幾年，在新基建政策、中美貿易摩擦下國產替代等多重利好因素助推下，國內基礎軟件快速發展，不論是創業還是投資都正在掀起熱潮，如在數據庫領域，京東、中興、華爲、螞蟻金服等廠商持續加大研發力度。VC的目光也在從應用層瞄向基礎軟件，去年就有多家數字基礎設施廠商逆勢融資。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"曾幾何時，早在2016年，業界還曾有人發出“基礎軟件已死”的論調，爲基礎軟件的未來感到憂心不已。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"而如今，這一賽道逆風翻盤，走出寒冬迎來發展的春天，又有不少人感慨，基礎軟件已迎來“黃金年代”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"但不能忽視的是，現階段，國產基礎軟件實現突圍還存在諸多挑戰。與國外相比，中國的IT水平還相對落後，尤其在操作系統、中間件、內核軟件、數據庫等底層技術上與國外差距大。國內做基礎開發的公司較少，且中國目前缺少頂級的、真正走向全球的基礎軟件。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國的基礎軟件爲什麼真正走向全球的那麼少？陳皓認爲，原因是多方面的。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一方面，國產基礎軟件廠商的技術文化沒有融入全球文化裏面。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"中國的開源文化和國外的開源文化差異很大，國外有很多開源基金會，中國也有基金會，但像 Apache、CNCF 這樣的頂級開源組織還比較少，重量級的開源項目也是少之又少。在工程能力上，國內開源還不夠有工匠精神，不夠嚴謹。此外，項目全用中文，也較難國際化。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"此外在環境方面，國內還缺乏技術人成長的優良土壤，尊重技術尚未形成普遍風氣。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"很多甲方公司並不尊重技術，一味求快、圖便宜，訂單往往要到最後加完很多需求後才付費，技術的誕生只能靠客戶堅持。而國外相對尊重技術，技術人員、技術公司能獲得很高的資金支持，訂單多是預付費。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"第三，中國是技術應用大國，國內企業擅長應用技術。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"基礎軟件技術通常需要花很長時間和資金投入研究，國內很少有公司願意花長時間、不計成本地在基礎研究上，尤其對創業公司來說，要在技術和商業上取得平衡是極難之事。國外IT公司的不安全感來源於對技術的掌控，他們更重視在底層技術上投入，而國內的大廠商格外看重流量，側重技術應用。陳皓覺得，國內大廠應該在基礎軟件研發上有更多擔當。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"另一方面，在中國創投長期以來的To VC模式下，資本耐心不足。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"“有些投資人覺得我們太慢了”，陳皓在跟投資人交流時，經常要回應‘速度’問題。“我能理解投資人想快速退出的心態，但技術的成長有一定的規律。幾乎有技術創業的成長週期都很慢。技術研發類似‘十月懷胎’，一個純技術組件一般至少要‘懷胎’四到五年，才能呈現出產品，然後再進行商業化。發展過快未必是好事，有的人可能才1-2年就進行商業化，它缺少了技術體驗的過程，最後把自己變成一個外包公司”。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"這幾年，隨着在互聯網，移動互聯網的紅利逐漸消退，To VC模式逐漸式微。資本在從賺快錢的TO C逐漸轉向TO B。而TO B 本來就是一項慢生意。VC們也正在不斷說服它們的LP，接受和理解這個慢生意。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"陳皓希望，對待純技術領域，尤其是對像國產基礎軟件這樣的“慢”產業，創業者和資本都應該有更多耐心。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"一直以來，InfoQ都在密切關注基礎軟件領域的技術趨勢、資本動態、實踐案例、行業風向。我們曾在過去策劃過操作系統、數據庫設計及開源創新30人等衆多專題和圓桌討論。此外，極客邦科技被開放原子開源基金會授予銀牌捐贈人榮譽，同時斬獲戰略媒體身份，持續在中國開源運動的發展和創新中發揮關鍵的推動作用。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"InfoQ希望可以爲基礎軟件領域的發展貢獻更多力量。爲此，InfoQ 將於2021年11月26日至11月27日在北京舉辦【DIVE全球基礎軟件創新大會】，我們希望成爲基礎軟件領域內容最豐富、最前沿、最具技術性的行業大會，成爲基礎軟件領域的風向標，許多標杆企業發佈重要趨勢性更新的首選舞臺；併爲行業領導人物、學者、技術人搭建能明辨趨勢方向、可以學習乾貨知識、能夠充分交流並認知行業全貌的平臺。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"官網地址："},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/dive.infoq.cn\/2021\/beijing\/","title":"","type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"https:\/\/dive.infoq.cn\/2021\/beijing\/"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"大會主編：趙鈺瑩"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"聯繫郵箱：[email protected]"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"如果你希望和陳皓同臺交流，併爲基礎軟件領域貢獻自己的力量，歡迎與組委會取得聯繫，歡迎自薦或推薦出品人及講師。"}]}]}