nuxt服務器端渲染請求接口獲取用戶真實ip對應國家
一、目的
通過用戶接口獲取其真實的ip地址,最終獲取到用戶所在國家。
針對情況包括: 1、ssr node端請求後端接口 獲取ip
2、客戶端請求後端接口 獲取ip
二、問題
目前通過接口獲取不到外網ip而是內網ip
原因:
- 接口是nuxt的ssr服務器端渲染接口,而非普通客戶端請求接口(原理爲從node服務器端,發起的請求,其ip必定爲咱們服務器的內網ip地址)
三、方案
主要是依賴於nginx,獲取其真實ip
1、nginx 轉發到node服務的location中, header裏面設置 x-real-ip 爲 $remote_addr
和 X-Forwarded-For 設爲 $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.10.50.191:88;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
# need set x-real-ip and x-forwarded-for to get user ip
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
# nginx代理接口
location ^~ /baseUrl/ {
proxy_pass http://域名:19000/;
proxy_cookie_path /baseUrl/ /;
proxy_pass_header Set-Cookie;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
2、前端 從 服務器端渲染代碼處, async nuxtServerInit (或者async asyncData) 裏面獲取 req
3、req裏面會有 nginx設置進去的header,x-real-ip x-forwarded-for,值爲ip地址
4、把它重新設置到axios的header中
5、後端從接口header裏面就可以拿到一開始設置的remote_addr了
以上方案針對於 服務器渲染請求的接口,後端從接口中獲取其用戶的真實ip的情況。主要是依賴前端(req中獲取header,重新設入)、nginx、後端配合實現。
對於普通的客戶端請求接口,後端從接口中獲取其用戶的真實ip的情況,也是同樣適用。主要是依賴nginx的代理轉發,設置header,後端直接獲取就可以實現。
獲取ip對應的國家(後端邏輯)
後端有ip數據表,裏面有很多國家的ip地址,通過查表來獲取對應國家簡碼,如US、CN
ssr服務端接口請求獲取國家(通過ip)整個邏輯
客戶端請求獲取國家整個邏輯
參考代碼
nginx配置
user nginx;
worker_processes 1;
error_log /var/log/nginx/error.log warn;
pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
events {
worker_connections 1024;
}
http {
include /etc/nginx/mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;
log_format main '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" "$http_x_forwarded_for" - $http_x_real_ip - $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log main;
client_max_body_size 200m;
sendfile on;
#tcp_nopush on;
keepalive_timeout 65;
#gzip on;
server {
listen 80;
server_name localhost;
#charset koi8-r;
#access_log logs/host.access.log main;
# nginx轉發到node
location / {
proxy_pass http://10.10.50.97:88;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
# need set x-real-ip and x-forwarded-for to get user ip
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
#error_page 404 /404.html;
# redirect server error pages to the static page /50x.html
#
error_page 500 502 503 504 /50x.html;
location = /50x.html {
root html;
}
# nginx代理接口
location ^~ /baseUrl/ {
proxy_pass http://域名:19000/;
proxy_cookie_path /baseUrl/ /;
proxy_pass_header Set-Cookie;
proxy_set_header Host $host;
proxy_set_header X-Real-Ip $remote_addr;
proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
}
}
include /etc/nginx/conf.d/*.conf;
}
java
public final class NetUtils {
private NetUtils() {
}
public static String getRealIp(HttpServletRequest request) {
String ip = request.getHeader("x-forwarded-for");
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("X-Real-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("WL-Proxy-Client-IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_CLIENT_IP");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getHeader("HTTP_X_FORWARDED_FOR");
}
if (ip == null || ip.length() == 0 || "unknown".equalsIgnoreCase(ip)) {
ip = request.getRemoteAddr();
if ("127.0.1".equals(ip) || "0:0:0:0:0:0:0:1".equals(ip)) {
InetAddress address = (InetAddress)Safe.call(InetAddress::getLocalHost);
ip = address.getHostAddress();
}
}
if (ip != null && ip.length() > 15) {
int i = ip.indexOf(",");
if (i > 0) {
ip = ip.substring(0, i);
}
}
return ip;
}
}