前言
由於本人在使用MacBook,而最近需要寫一些python代碼,所以就想着去裝一個pip,但是安裝的時候發現一些問題,所以做個記錄以便查詢。
錯誤
報錯如下:
error: externally-managed-environment
× This environment is externally managed
╰─> To install Python packages system-wide, try brew install
xyz, where xyz is the package you are trying to
install.
If you wish to install a Python library that isn't in Homebrew,
use a virtual environment:
python3 -m venv path/to/venv
source path/to/venv/bin/activate
python3 -m pip install xyz
If you wish to install a Python application that isn't in Homebrew,
it may be easiest to use 'pipx install xyz', which will manage a
virtual environment for you. You can install pipx with
brew install pipx
You may restore the old behavior of pip by passing
the '--break-system-packages' flag to pip, or by adding
'break-system-packages = true' to your pip.conf file. The latter
will permanently disable this error.
If you disable this error, we STRONGLY recommend that you additionally
pass the '--user' flag to pip, or set 'user = true' in your pip.conf
file. Failure to do this can result in a broken Homebrew installation.
Read more about this behavior here: <https://peps.python.org/pep-0668/>
note: If you believe this is a mistake, please contact your Python installation or OS distribution provider. You can override this, at the risk of breaking your Python installation or OS, by passing --break-system-packages.
hint: See PEP 668 for the detailed specification.
可以看到,pip3是默認沒有的,但是它給瞭解決方法。
解決
-
配置虛擬環境venv
python3 -m venv path/to/venv source path/to/venv/bin/activate python3 -m pip install xyz
-
安裝pipx
brew install pipx
安裝完畢之後就可以使用pipx install xxx來管理依賴包了。