1、列出系統上所有硬盤
# lspv
hdisk0 00f6ee8a7017d102 rootvg active
2、插入2塊新硬盤，再次查看
lspv 查看設備上所有的硬盤，顯示是否有ID，屬於哪個VG，是否激活
# lspv
hdisk0 00f6ee8a7017d102 rootvg active
hdisk1 None None
hdisk2 None None
3、新硬盤換上去是none，需要啓用此硬盤（分配ID），且加入卷組（加入卷組才能被文件系統使用）
# chdev -l hdisk1 -a pv=yes
hdisk1 changed
# lspv
hdisk0 00f6ee8a7017d102 rootvg active
hdisk1 00f6ee8a7374ce47 None
hdisk2 00cc10bdfb23ea2a None
4、創建VG，把硬盤加入到VG
# smit vg
Volume Groups
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
List All Volume Groups
Add a Volume Group
Set Characteristics of a Volume Group
List Contents of a Volume Group
Remove a Volume Group
Activate a Volume Group
Deactivate a Volume Group
Import a Volume Group
Export a Volume Group
Mirror a Volume Group
Unmirror a Volume Group
Synchronize LVM Mirrors
Back Up a Volume Group
Remake a Volume Group
Preview Information about a Backup
Verify the Readability of a Backup (Tape only)
View the Backup Log
List Files in a Volume Group Backup
Restore Files in a Volume Group Backup
F1=Help F2=Refresh F3=Cancel Esc+8=Image
Esc+9=Shell Esc+0=Exit Enter=Do
Add a Volume Group
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
Add an Original Volume Group
Add a Big Volume Group
Add a Scalable Volume Group
# smit vg
Add an Original Volume Group
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
VOLUME GROUP name []
Physical partition SIZE in megabytes +
* PHYSICAL VOLUME names [] +
Force the creation of a volume group? no +
Activate volume group AUTOMATICALLY yes +
at system restart?
Volume Group MAJOR NUMBER [] +#
Create VG Concurrent Capable? no
第一行填寫VG名稱
第二行填寫VG的PP大小，未填寫則使用默認值
第三回選擇（esc+4）使用哪個pv來創建VG
創建完成查看VG
# lsvg
rootvg
testvg
5、有了VG，可以創建LV、創建fs、掛載fs
# smit lv
Add a Logical Volume
Type or select a value for the entry field.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
* VOLUME GROUP name [testvg]
選擇要創建lv的vg，開始創建
Add a Logical Volume
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[TOP] [Entry Fields]
Logical volume NAME []
* VOLUME GROUP name testvg
* Number of LOGICAL PARTITIONS [] #
PHYSICAL VOLUME names [] +
Logical volume TYPE [] +
POSITION on physical volume middle +
RANGE of physical volumes minimum +
MAXIMUM NUMBER of PHYSICAL VOLUMES [] #
to use for allocation
Number of COPIES of each logical 1 +
partition
Mirror Write Consistency? active +
Allocate each logical partition copy yes +
on a SEPARATE physical volume?
RELOCATE the logical volume during yes +
reorganization?
Logical volume LABEL []
MAXIMUM NUMBER of LOGICAL PARTITIONS [512] #
Enable BAD BLOCK relocation? yes +
SCHEDULING POLICY for reading/writing parallel +
[MORE...5]
輸入lv的name
可以使用的lp數量
使用的pv
lv type，文件系統類型 jfs2爲日誌文件系統
創建完成即可創建文件系統，掛載文件系統
File Systems
Move cursor to desired item and press Enter.
List All File Systems
List All Mounted File Systems
Add / Change / Show / Delete File Systems
Mount a File System
Mount a Group of File Systems
Unmount a File System
Unmount a Group of File Systems
Verify a File System
Backup a File System
Restore a File System
List Contents of a Backup
Create and back up a snapshot
# smit fs
Add an Enhanced Journaled File System
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
Volume group name testvg
SIZE of file system
Unit Size Megabytes +
* Number of units [] #
* MOUNT POINT []
Mount AUTOMATICALLY at system restart? no +
PERMISSIONS read/write +
Mount OPTIONS [] +
Block Size (bytes) 4096 +
Logical Volume for Log +
Inline Log size (MBytes) [] #
Extended Attribute Format Version 1 +
ENABLE Quota Management?
填寫此文件系統使用多少個M
選擇掛載點
完成後掛載此文件系統即可
Mount a File System
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
FILE SYSTEM name [] +
DIRECTORY over which to mount [] +
TYPE of file system +
FORCE the mount? no +
REMOTE NODE containing the file system []
to mount
Mount as a REMOVABLE file system? no +
Mount as a READ-ONLY system? no +
Disallow DEVICE access via this mount? no +
Disallow execution of SUID and sgid programs no +
in this file system?
然後查看vg中的lv是否被創建（這裏每個LP都對應有1個PV，說明此vg沒有做鏡像raid1.
如果有鏡像，則會顯示每個LP（邏輯分區）對應兩倍的PP（物理分區），也就是PP是LP的兩倍）
# lsvg -l testvg
testvg:
LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINT
testlv1 jfs 2 2 2 closed/syncd N/A
loglv00 jfs2log 1 1 2 open/syncd N/A
fslv01 jfs2 16 16 2 open/syncd /dir2
#
再查看hdisk2裏面是否存在lv和文件系統
# lspv -l hdisk2
hdisk2:
LV NAME LPs PPs DISTRIBUTION MOUNT POINT
loglv00 1 1 00..01..00..00..00 N/A
fslv01 16 16 00..16..00..00..00 /dir2
testlv1 2 2 00..02..00..00..00 N/A
#
# df -m
Filesystem MB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 128.00 116.51 9% 1610 6% /
/dev/hd2 1280.00 110.46 92% 27968 51% /usr
/dev/hd9var 128.00 119.88 7% 348 2% /var
/dev/hd3 1152.00 1148.43 1% 63 1% /tmp
/dev/fwdump 384.00 319.45 17% 5 1% /var/adm/ras/platform
/dev/hd1 128.00 127.61 1% 11 1% /home
/proc - - - - - /proc
/dev/hd10opt 128.00 55.39 57% 2320 16% /opt
/dev/fslv01 2048.00 2047.36 1% 5 1% /dir2
# mount
node mounted mounted over vfs date options
-------- --------------- --------------- ------ ------------ ---------------
/dev/hd4 / jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd2 /usr jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd9var /var jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd3 /tmp jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/fwdump /var/adm/ras/platform jfs2 Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd1 /home jfs2 Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/proc /proc procfs Jan 01 22:40 rw
/dev/hd10opt /opt jfs2 Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/fslv01 /dir2 jfs2 Jan 01 23:26 rw,log=/dev/loglv00
#
文件系統是否存在且已經掛載
# df -m
Filesystem MB blocks Free %Used Iused %Iused Mounted on
/dev/hd4 128.00 116.51 9% 1610 6% /
/dev/hd2 1280.00 110.46 92% 27968 51% /usr
/dev/hd9var 128.00 119.88 7% 348 2% /var
/dev/hd3 1152.00 1148.43 1% 63 1% /tmp
/dev/fwdump 384.00 319.45 17% 5 1% /var/adm/ras/platform
/dev/hd1 128.00 127.61 1% 11 1% /home
/proc - - - - - /proc
/dev/hd10opt 128.00 55.39 57% 2320 16% /opt
/dev/fslv01 2048.00 2047.36 1% 5 1% /dir2
# mount
node mounted mounted over vfs date options
-------- --------------- --------------- ------ ------------ ---------------
/dev/hd4 / jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd2 /usr jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd9var /var jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd3 /tmp jfs2 Jan 01 22:38 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/fwdump /var/adm/ras/platform jfs2 Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/hd1 /home jfs2 Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/proc /proc procfs Jan 01 22:40 rw
/dev/hd10opt /opt jfs2 Jan 01 22:40 rw,log=/dev/hd8
/dev/fslv01 /dir2 jfs2 Jan 01 23:26 rw,log=/dev/loglv00
#
/dev/fslv01就是我創建的大小爲2G，掛載到/dir2目錄下的文件系統
6、創建lvm鏡像，保護文件系統，相當於raid1
把第三塊盤hdisk2也加入到testvg，硬盤只有在同一個VG中才能相互做鏡像
extendvg testvg hdisk2
查看下
# lspv
hdisk0 00cb5c8e000ce37c rootvg active
hdisk1 00cb5c8e0014cf4b testvg active
hdisk2 00cc10bdfb23ea2a testvg active
開始做鏡像
# smit mirrorvg
Mirror a Volume Group
Type or select a value for the entry field.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
* VOLUME GROUP name [testvg]
Mirror a Volume Group
Type or select values in entry fields.
Press Enter AFTER making all desired changes.
[Entry Fields]
* VOLUME GROUP name testvg
Mirror sync mode [Foreground] +
PHYSICAL VOLUME names [] +
Number of COPIES of each logical 2 +
partition
Keep Quorum Checking On? no +
Create Exact LV Mapping? no +
完成以後再次查看vg詳情
# lsvg -l testvg
testvg:
LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINT
testlv1 jfs 2 4 2 closed/syncd N/A
loglv00 jfs2log 1 2 2 open/syncd N/A
fslv01 jfs2 16 32 2 open/syncd /dir2
#
現在每個LP已經對應了兩個PP，說明testvg已經存在副本（copies），已經做了raid1鏡像。
這樣，hdisk1或者hdisk2任意一個pv壞掉，都不影響數據訪問。
7、實驗：假設hdisk1壞掉，hdisk，/dir2中的file是否還存在。如何更換新硬盤，重建raid1
# lspv
hdisk0 00cb5c8e000ce37c rootvg active
hdisk1 00cb5c8e0014cf4b testvg active
hdisk2 00cc10bdfb23ea2a testvg active
# lsvg -p testvg
testvg:
PV_NAME PV STATE TOTAL PPs FREE PPs FREE DISTRIBUTION
hdisk1 active 546 527 110..90..109..109..109
hdisk2 active 546 527 110..90..109..109..109
#
拔掉hdisk1
# lspv
hdisk0 00cb5c8e000ce37c rootvg active
hdisk1 00cb5c8e0014cf4b testvg active
hdisk2 00cc10bdfb23ea2a testvg active
# lsvg -p testvg
testvg:
PV_NAME PV STATE TOTAL PPs FREE PPs FREE DISTRIBUTION
hdisk1 active 546 527 110..90..109..109..109
hdisk2 active 546 527 110..90..109..109..109
#
lvm中顯示hdisk2還在。
# cat /dir2/file2
hi you
#
文件系統正常（因爲已經在hdisk3中做了備份）
查看系統錯誤日誌errpt
# errpt
IDENTIFIER TIMESTAMP T C RESOURCE_NAME DESCRIPTION
8647C4E2 0102004170 P H hdisk2 DISK OPERATION ERROR
8647C4E2 0102004170 P H hdisk2 DISK OPERATION ERROR
8647C4E2 0102004170 P H hdisk2 DISK OPERATION ERROR
8647C4E2 0102004170 P H hdisk2 DISK OPERATION ERROR
顯示hdisk2不可操作
重新掃描設備
# cfgmgr
再查看testvg
# lsvg -p testvg
0516-034 : Failed to open VG special file. Probable causeis the VG was forced offline. Execute the varyoffvg and varyonvgcommands to bring the VG online.#
vg已經掉線
# lspv
hdisk0 00cb5c8e000ce37c rootvg active
hdisk1 00cb5c8e0014cf4b datevg active
hdisk2 00cc10bdfb23ea2a testvg
hdisk3 00cc10bd0015b0e6 testvg
hdisk4 00cc10bd001c1225 None
此時testvg下的文件系統已經只可讀，不可寫。
直接拔掉硬盤導致vg掛掉。（這不是硬盤壞掉更換硬盤的步驟）
正常步驟先去掉鏡像，踢出vg再拔掉壞盤。
現在插回hdisk2，也已經無法回覆vg了。
只有重啓之後，VG才自帶恢復正常。
再次測試更換1塊硬盤，hdisk2
lspv
lspv -l hdisk2
lsvg -l testvg
lspv -p hdisk3
rmlvcopy fslv01 1 hdisk2 去掉hdisk2中做了鏡像的lv及fs
rmlvcopy loglv00 1 hdisk2
查看是否已經去掉
# lslv -l fslv01
fslv01:/dir2
PV COPIES IN BAND DISTRIBUTION
hdisk3 016:000:000 100% 000:016:000:000:000
fslv01已經不存在hdisk2裏面了
lspv -l hdisk2
lsvg -l testvg
已經去掉了，可以把hdisk2踢出vg
reducevg testvg hdisk2
lsvg -l testvg
# lspv
hdisk0 00cb5c8e000ce37c rootvg active
hdisk1 00cb5c8e0014cf4b datevg active
hdisk2 00cc10bdfb23ea2a None
hdisk3 00cc10bd0015b0e6 testvg active
再然後，從系統中刪除hdisk2的磁盤定義
# rmdev -dl hdisk2
hdisk2 deleted
# lspv
hdisk0 00cb5c8e000ce37c rootvg active
hdisk1 00cb5c8e0014cf4b datevg active
hdisk3 00cc10bd0015b0e6 testvg active
# lsdev -Cc disk
hdisk0 Available 08-08-00-4,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive
hdisk1 Available 08-08-00-5,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive
hdisk3 Available 08-08-01-5,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive
hdisk4 Available 08-08-01-8,0 16 Bit LVD SCSI Disk Drive
現在，hdisk2可以從設備中拔出來了。
更換上新硬盤
讓系統掃描設備，發現新硬盤
# cfgmgr -v
lspv
lsdev -Cc disk
就可以看到新硬盤
加入vg，創建鏡像
extendvg testvg hdisk2
# mklvcopy loglv00 2 hdisk2
# lspv -l hdisk2
hdisk2:
LV NAME LPs PPs DISTRIBUTION MOUNT POINT
loglv00
分別把testvg中所有的lv和fs都mklvcopy一下。
查看狀態，fslv01已經存在copies了，分別在hdisk2和hdisk3中
# lslv -l fslv01
fslv01:/dir2
PV COPIES IN BAND DISTRIBUTION
hdisk3 016:000:000 100% 000:016:000:000:000
hdisk2 016:000:000 100% 000:016:000:000:000
#
# lsvg -l testvg
testvg:
LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINT
testlv1 jfs 2 4 2 closed/stale N/A
loglv00 jfs2log 1 2 2 open/stale N/A
fslv01 jfs2 16 32 2 open/stale /dir2
此時LV state狀態是stale，非正常的已經同步狀態
接着需要同步lv鏡像
# syncvg -p hdisk2
查看狀態
# lsvg -l testvg
testvg:
LV NAME TYPE LPs PPs PVs LV STATE MOUNT POINT
testlv1 jfs 2 4 2 closed/syncd N/A
loglv00 jfs2log 1 2 2 open/syncd N/A
fslv01 jfs2 16 32 2 open/syncd /dir2
#
此時已經VG中的LV已經恢復正常，同步完成。
到此更換硬盤的整個步驟以及完成。
other :
清除機器面板黃燈告警。
# /usr/lpp/diagnostics/bin/usysfault -s normal
小型機IBM P550 AIX 更換硬盤步驟 操作LVM及文件系統
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