CENTOS LNMP手動安裝

 

[文章作者：張宴 本文版本：v6.3 最後修改：2010.07.26 轉載請註明原文鏈接：http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/]
　安裝步驟：
　　（系統要求：Linux 2.6+ 內核，本文中的Linux操作系統爲CentOS 6.0 ）

　　一、獲取相關開源程序：
　　1、【適用CentOS操作系統】利用CentOS Linux系統自帶的yum命令安裝、升級所需的程序庫（RedHat等其他Linux發行版可從安裝光盤中找到這些程序庫的RPM包，進行安裝）：
[root@bogon soft]# sudo -s
[root@bogon soft]# LANG=C
[root@bogon soft]# yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel glibc glibc-devel glib2 glib2-devel bzip2 bzip2-devel ncurses ncurses-devel curl curl-devel e2fsprogs e2fsprogs-devel krb5 krb5-devel libidn libidn-devel openssl openssl-devel openldap openldap-devel nss_ldap openldap-clients openldap-servers

   2、【適用CentOS、RedHat及其它Linux操作系統】下載程序源碼包：
　　本文中提到的所有開源軟件爲截止到2011年09月21日的最新穩定版。
　　①、從軟件的官方網站下載：
[root@bogon soft]# cd /root/soft
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.6.tar.gz
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://cn2.php.net/get/php-5.2.17.tar.bz2/from/cn.php.net/mirror
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://php-fpm.org/downloads/php-5.2.17-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.5/mysql-5.5.16.tar.gz/from/http://gd.tuwien.ac.at/db/mysql/
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/libiconv/libiconv-1.14.tar.gz
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/Libmcrypt/2.5.8/libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.bz2
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mcrypt/MCrypt/2.6.8/mcrypt-2.6.8.tar.gz
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/memcache-2.2.6.tgz
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/mhash/mhash/0.9.9.9/mhash-0.9.9.9.tar.bz2
[root@bogon soft]# wget ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-8.13.tar.bz2
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://downloads.sourceforge.net/project/eaccelerator/eaccelerator/eAccelerator%200.9.6.1/eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.zip
[root@bogon soft]# wget ftp://gd.tuwien.ac.at/pub/graphics/ImageMagick/ImageMagick-6.7.2-7.tar.bz2
[root@bogon soft]# wget http://pecl.php.net/get/imagick-3.0.1.tgz

　　二、安裝PHP 5.2.14（FastCGI模式）
　　1、編譯安裝PHP 5.2.14所需的支持庫：
[root@bogon src]# cd libiconv-1.14/
[root@bogon libiconv-1.14]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local
[root@bogon libiconv-1.14]# make
[root@bogon libiconv-1.14]# make install
[root@bogon libiconv-1.14]# cd ../libmcrypt-2.5.8

[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make install
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# /sbin/ldconfig
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# cd libltdl/
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# ./configure --enable-ltdl-install
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# make install
[root@bogon libmcrypt-2.5.8]# cd ../../mhash-0.9.9.9

[root@bogon mhash-0.9.9.9]# ./configure
[root@bogon mhash-0.9.9.9]# make
[root@bogon mhash-0.9.9.9]# make install
[root@bogon mhash-0.9.9.9]# cd ../mcrypt-2.6.8

ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.la /usr/lib/libmcrypt.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8 /usr/lib/libmcrypt.so.4.4.8
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.a /usr/lib/libmhash.a
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.la /usr/lib/libmhash.la
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so /usr/lib/libmhash.so
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2
ln -s /usr/local/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1 /usr/lib/libmhash.so.2.0.1
ln -s /usr/local/bin/libmcrypt-config /usr/bin/libmcrypt-config

[root@bogon mcrypt-2.6.8]# /sbin/ldconfig
[root@bogon mcrypt-2.6.8]# ./configure
[root@bogon mcrypt-2.6.8]# make
[root@bogon mcrypt-2.6.8]# make install
[root@bogon mcrypt-2.6.8]# cd ../mysql-5.5.16


　　2、cmake方式安裝MySQL 5.5.3-m3
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# /usr/sbin/groupadd mysql
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# /usr/sbin/useradd -g mysql mysql
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql\
> -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/mysql\
> -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/var/mysql/mysqld.sock\
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8\
> -DWITH_EXTRA_CHARSETS=all\
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci\
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
> -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
> -DWITH_SPHINX_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
> -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1\
> -DMYSQL_USER=mysql
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# make
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# make
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# chmod +w /usr/local/mysql/
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# ln -s /usr/local/mysql/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18 /usr/lib/libmysqlclient.so.18
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# mkdir -p /var/mysql/{data,log}
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/
[root@bogon mysql-5.5.16]# cd support-files/
[root@bogon support-files]# cp my-large.cnf /var/mysql/my.cnf
[root@bogon support-files]# cp mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
[root@bogon scripts]# ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/mysql/ --datadir=/var/mysql/data/ --defaults-file=/var/mysql/my.cnf --user=mysql


　　3、編譯安裝PHP（FastCGI模式）
tar zxvf php-5.2.14.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.14-fpm-0.5.14.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.14 -p1
cd php-5.2.14/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php --with-config-file-scan-dir=/usr/local/php/etc/ --with-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/ --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/ --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --with-libxml-dir=/usr/ --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring  --with-mcrypt --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --with-mhash --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-ldap --with-ldap-sasl --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip  --enable-soap
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../


　　4、編譯安裝PHP5擴展模塊
tar zxvf memcache-2.2.5.tgz
cd memcache-2.2.5/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.1.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6.1/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2.tgz
cd PDO_MYSQL-1.0.2/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf ImageMagick.tar.gz
cd ImageMagick-6.5.1-2/
./configure
make
make install
cd ../

tar zxvf imagick-2.3.0.tgz
cd imagick-2.3.0/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../


　　5、修改php.ini文件
　　手工修改：查找/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini中的extension_dir = "./"
　　修改爲extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"
　　並在此行後增加以下幾行，然後保存：
　　extension = "memcache.so"
　　extension = "pdo_mysql.so"
　　extension = "imagick.so"

　　再查找output_buffering = Off
　　修改爲output_buffering = On

　　再查找; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0
　　修改爲cgi.fix_pathinfo=0，防止Nginx文件類型錯誤解析漏洞。

　　自動修改：若嫌手工修改麻煩，可執行以下shell命令，自動完成對php.ini文件的修改：
sed -i 's#extension_dir = "./"#extension_dir = "/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/"\nextension = "memcache.so"\nextension = "pdo_mysql.so"\nextension = "imagick.so"\n#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i 's#output_buffering = Off#output_buffering = On#' /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s#; always_populate_raw_post_data = On#always_populate_raw_post_data = On#g" /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
sed -i "s#; cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#cgi.fix_pathinfo=0#g" /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini


　　6、配置eAccelerator加速PHP：
mkdir -p /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini

　　按shift+g鍵跳到配置文件的最末尾，加上以下配置信息：
引用
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="64"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"



　　7、創建www用戶和組，以及供blog.s135.com和www.s135.com兩個虛擬主機使用的目錄：
/usr/sbin/groupadd www
/usr/sbin/useradd -g www www
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/blog
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/blog
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/blog
mkdir -p /data0/htdocs/www
chmod +w /data0/htdocs/www
chown -R www:www /data0/htdocs/www


　　8、創建php-fpm配置文件（php-fpm是爲PHP打的一個FastCGI管理補丁，可以平滑變更php.ini配置而無需重啓php-cgi）：
　　在/usr/local/webserver/php/etc/目錄中創建php-fpm.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf

　　輸入以下內容（如果您安裝 Nginx + PHP 用於程序調試，請將以下的<value name="display_errors">0</value>改爲<value name="display_errors">1</value>，以便顯示PHP錯誤信息，否則，Nginx 會報狀態爲500的空白錯誤頁）：
<?xml version="1.0" ?>
<configuration>

  All relative paths in this config are relative to php's install prefix

  <section name="global_options">

    Pid file
    <value name="pid_file">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.pid</value>

    Error log file
    <value name="error_log">/usr/local/webserver/php/logs/php-fpm.log</value>

    Log level
    <value name="log_level">notice</value>

    When this amount of php processes exited with SIGSEGV or SIGBUS ...
    <value name="emergency_restart_threshold">10</value>

    ... in a less than this interval of time, a graceful restart will be initiated.
    Useful to work around accidental curruptions in accelerator's shared memory.
    <value name="emergency_restart_interval">1m</value>

    Time limit on waiting child's reaction on signals from master
    <value name="process_control_timeout">5s</value>

    Set to 'no' to debug fpm
    <value name="daemonize">yes</value>

  </section>

  <workers>

    <section name="pool">

      Name of pool. Used in logs and stats.
      <value name="name">default</value>

      Address to accept fastcgi requests on.
      Valid syntax is 'ip.ad.re.ss:port' or just 'port' or '/path/to/unix/socket'
      <value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>

      <value name="listen_options">

        Set listen(2) backlog
        <value name="backlog">-1</value>

        Set permissions for unix socket, if one used.
        In Linux read/write permissions must be set in order to allow connections from web server.
        Many BSD-derrived systems allow connections regardless of permissions.
        <value name="owner"></value>
        <value name="group"></value>
        <value name="mode">0666</value>
      </value>

      Additional php.ini defines, specific to this pool of workers.
      <value name="php_defines">
        <value name="sendmail_path">/usr/sbin/sendmail -t -i</value>
        <value name="display_errors">0</value>
      </value>

      Unix user of processes
      <value name="user">www</value>

      Unix group of processes
      <value name="group">www</value>

      Process manager settings
      <value name="pm">

        Sets style of controling worker process count.
        Valid values are 'static' and 'apache-like'
        <value name="style">static</value>

        Sets the limit on the number of simultaneous requests that will be served.
        Equivalent to Apache MaxClients directive.
        Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_CHILDREN environment in original php.fcgi
        Used with any pm_style.
        <value name="max_children">128</value>

        Settings group for 'apache-like' pm style
        <value name="apache_like">

          Sets the number of server processes created on startup.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="StartServers">20</value>

          Sets the desired minimum number of idle server processes.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="MinSpareServers">5</value>

          Sets the desired maximum number of idle server processes.
          Used only when 'apache-like' pm_style is selected
          <value name="MaxSpareServers">35</value>

        </value>

      </value>

      The timeout (in seconds) for serving a single request after which the worker process will be terminated
      Should be used when 'max_execution_time' ini option does not stop script execution for some reason
      '0s' means 'off'
      <value name="request_terminate_timeout">0s</value>

      The timeout (in seconds) for serving of single request after which a php backtrace will be dumped to slow.log file
      '0s' means 'off'
      <value name="request_slowlog_timeout">0s</value>

      The log file for slow requests
      <value name="slowlog">logs/slow.log</value>

      Set open file desc rlimit
      <value name="rlimit_files">65535</value>

      Set max core size rlimit
      <value name="rlimit_core">0</value>

      Chroot to this directory at the start, absolute path
      <value name="chroot"></value>

      Chdir to this directory at the start, absolute path
      <value name="chdir"></value>

      Redirect workers' stdout and stderr into main error log.
      If not set, they will be redirected to /dev/null, according to FastCGI specs
      <value name="catch_workers_output">yes</value>

      How much requests each process should execute before respawn.
      Useful to work around memory leaks in 3rd party libraries.
      For endless request processing please specify 0
      Equivalent to PHP_FCGI_MAX_REQUESTS
      <value name="max_requests">1024</value>

      Comma separated list of ipv4 addresses of FastCGI clients that allowed to connect.
      Equivalent to FCGI_WEB_SERVER_ADDRS environment in original php.fcgi (5.2.2+)
      Makes sense only with AF_INET listening socket.
      <value name="allowed_clients">127.0.0.1</value>

      Pass environment variables like LD_LIBRARY_PATH
      All $VARIABLEs are taken from current environment
      <value name="environment">
        <value name="HOSTNAME">$HOSTNAME</value>
        <value name="PATH">/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin</value>
        <value name="TMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TMPDIR">/tmp</value>
        <value name="TEMP">/tmp</value>
        <value name="OSTYPE">$OSTYPE</value>
        <value name="MACHTYPE">$MACHTYPE</value>
        <value name="MALLOC_CHECK_">2</value>
      </value>

    </section>

  </workers>

</configuration>
　　9、啓動php-cgi進程，監聽127.0.0.1的9000端口，進程數爲128（如果服務器內存小於3GB，可以只開啓64個進程），用戶爲www：
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start

　　注：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm還有其他參數，包括：start|stop|quit|restart|reload|logrotate，修改php.ini後不重啓php-cgi，重新加載配置文件使用reload。


　　三、安裝Nginx 0.8.46
　　1、安裝Nginx所需的pcre庫：
tar zxvf pcre-8.10.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.10/
./configure
make && make install
cd ../


　　2、安裝Nginx
tar zxvf nginx-0.8.46.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.46/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module --with-http_ssl_module
make && make install
cd ../


　　3、創建Nginx日誌目錄
mkdir -p /data1/logs
chmod +w /data1/logs
chown -R www:www /data1/logs


　　4、創建Nginx配置文件
　　①、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建nginx.conf文件：
rm -f /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

　　輸入以下內容：
引用
user  www www;

worker_processes 8;

error_log  /data1/logs/nginx_error.log  crit;

pid        /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events
{
  use epoll;
  worker_connections 65535;
}

http
{
  include       mime.types;
  default_type  application/octet-stream;

  #charset  gb2312;

  server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
  client_header_buffer_size 32k;
  large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
  client_max_body_size 8m;

  sendfile on;
  tcp_nopush     on;

  keepalive_timeout 60;

  tcp_nodelay on;

  fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
  fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
  fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
  fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
  fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

  gzip on;
  gzip_min_length  1k;
  gzip_buffers     4 16k;
  gzip_http_version 1.0;
  gzip_comp_level 2;
  gzip_types       text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
  gzip_vary on;

  #limit_zone  crawler  $binary_remote_addr  10m;

  server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  blog.s135.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /data0/htdocs/blog;

    #limit_conn   crawler  20;

    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
    {
      expires      30d;
    }

    location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
    {
      expires      1h;
    }

    log_format  access  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
              '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
              '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /data1/logs/access.log  access;
      }

  server
  {
    listen       80;
    server_name  www.s135.com;
    index index.html index.htm index.php;
    root  /data0/htdocs/www;

    location ~ .*\.(php|php5)?$
    {
      #fastcgi_pass  unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
      fastcgi_pass  127.0.0.1:9000;
      fastcgi_index index.php;
      include fcgi.conf;
    }

    log_format  wwwlogs  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
               '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
               '"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
    access_log  /data1/logs/wwwlogs.log  wwwlogs;
  }

  server
  {
    listen  80;
    server_name  status.blog.s135.com;

    location / {
    stub_status on;
    access_log   off;
    }
  }
}


　　②、在/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/目錄中創建fcgi.conf文件：
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf

　　輸入以下內容：
引用
fastcgi_param  GATEWAY_INTERFACE  CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_SOFTWARE    nginx;

fastcgi_param  QUERY_STRING       $query_string;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_METHOD     $request_method;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_TYPE       $content_type;
fastcgi_param  CONTENT_LENGTH     $content_length;

fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_FILENAME    $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  SCRIPT_NAME        $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param  REQUEST_URI        $request_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_URI       $document_uri;
fastcgi_param  DOCUMENT_ROOT      $document_root;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PROTOCOL    $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param  REMOTE_ADDR        $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param  REMOTE_PORT        $remote_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_ADDR        $server_addr;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_PORT        $server_port;
fastcgi_param  SERVER_NAME        $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param  REDIRECT_STATUS    200;


　　5、啓動Nginx
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx


　　四、配置開機自動啓動Nginx + PHP
vi /etc/rc.local

　　在末尾增加以下內容：
引用
ulimit -SHn 65535
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx


　　五、優化Linux內核參數
vi /etc/sysctl.conf

　　在末尾增加以下內容：
引用
# Add
net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog = 65536
net.core.netdev_max_backlog =  32768
net.core.somaxconn = 32768

net.core.wmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_default = 8388608
net.core.rmem_max = 16777216
net.core.wmem_max = 16777216

net.ipv4.tcp_timestamps = 0
net.ipv4.tcp_synack_retries = 2
net.ipv4.tcp_syn_retries = 2

net.ipv4.tcp_tw_recycle = 1
#net.ipv4.tcp_tw_len = 1
net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse = 1

net.ipv4.tcp_mem = 94500000 915000000 927000000
net.ipv4.tcp_max_orphans = 3276800

#net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout = 30
#net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time = 120
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 1024  65535


　　使配置立即生效：
/sbin/sysctl -p


　　六、在不停止Nginx服務的情況下平滑變更Nginx配置
　　1、修改/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf配置文件後，請執行以下命令檢查配置文件是否正確：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t

　　如果屏幕顯示以下兩行信息，說明配置文件正確：
　　the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf syntax is ok
　　the configuration file /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf was tested successfully

　　2、平滑重啓：
　　①、對於Nginx 0.8.x版本，現在平滑重啓Nginx配置非常簡單，執行以下命令即可：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload


　　②、對於Nginx 0.8.x之前的版本，平滑重啓稍微麻煩一些，按照以下步驟進行即可。輸入以下命令查看Nginx主進程號：
ps -ef | grep "nginx: master process" | grep -v "grep" | awk -F ' ' '{print $2}'

　　屏幕顯示的即爲Nginx主進程號，例如：
　　6302
　　這時，執行以下命令即可使修改過的Nginx配置文件生效：
kill -HUP 6302

　　或者無需這麼麻煩，找到Nginx的Pid文件：
kill -HUP `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`


　　七、編寫每天定時切割Nginx日誌的腳本
　　1、創建腳本/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh
vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh

　　輸入以下內容：
引用
#!/bin/bash
# This script run at 00:00

# The Nginx logs path
logs_path="/usr/local/webserver/nginx/logs/"

mkdir -p ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/
mv ${logs_path}access.log ${logs_path}$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y")/$(date -d "yesterday" +"%m")/access_$(date -d "yesterday" +"%Y%m%d").log
kill -USR1 `cat /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid`


　　2、設置crontab，每天凌晨00:00切割nginx訪問日誌
crontab -e

　　輸入以下內容：
引用
00 00 * * * /bin/bash  /usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/cut_nginx_log.sh