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查看Linux發行版本 ：cat /etc/issue 或cat /etc/release
查看bash 版本 ： bash --version
nginx(http://nginx.org/en/download.html)
nginx的反向代理及負載均衡
nginx的優點：高併發連接，內存消耗少，配置文件簡單，成本低廉，支持Rewrite重寫規則，內置的健康檢查功能，節省帶寬，穩定性高（用於反向代理，宕機的機率很小）
使用nginx可用於反向代理，負載均衡，規則過濾等
安裝nginx
1 yum install gcc openssl-devel pcre-devel zlib-devel
# yum groupinstall “Development Tools” “Development Libraries” –yt
2 tar zxvf nginx-0.7.67.tar.gz
3 cd nginx-0.7.67
4 groupadd nginx
5 useradd -g nginx -s /bin/false -M nginx
6 ./configure \
--prefix=/usr \
--sbin-path=/usr/sbin/nginx \
--conf-path=/etc/nginx/nginx.conf \
--error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log \
--http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log \
--pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid \
--lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock \
--user=nginx \
--group=nginx \
--with-http_ssl_module \
--with-http_flv_module \
--with-http_stub_status_module \
--with-http_gzip_static_module \
--http-client-body-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/client/ \
--http-proxy-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/proxy/ \
--http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/tmp/nginx/fcgi/
7 make && make install
8 cd /etc/nginx/
9 vim /etc/init.d/nginxd (添加
#!/bin/sh
#
# nginx - this script starts and stops the nginx daemon
#
# chkconfig: - 85 15
# description: Nginx is an HTTP(S) server, HTTP(S) reverse \
# proxy and IMAP/POP3 proxy server
# processname: nginx
# config: /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
# config: /etc/sysconfig/nginx
# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid
# Source function library.
. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions
# Source networking configuration.
. /etc/sysconfig/network
# Check that networking is up.
[ "$NETWORKING" = "no" ] && exit 0
nginx="/usr/sbin/nginx"
prog=$(basename $nginx)
NGINX_CONF_FILE="/etc/nginx/nginx.conf"
[ -f /etc/sysconfig/nginx ] && . /etc/sysconfig/nginx
lockfile=/var/lock/subsys/nginx
make_dirs() {
# make required directories
user=`nginx -V 2>&1 | grep "configure arguments:" | sed 's/[^*]*--user=\([^ ]*\).*/\1/g' -`
options=`$nginx -V 2>&1 | grep 'configure arguments:'`
for opt in $options; do
if [ `echo $opt | grep '.*-temp-path'` ]; then
value=`echo $opt | cut -d "=" -f 2`
if [ ! -d "$value" ]; then
# echo "creating" $value
mkdir -p $value && chown -R $user $value
fi
fi
done
}
start() {
[ -x $nginx ] || exit 5
[ -f $NGINX_CONF_FILE ] || exit 6
make_dirs
echo -n $"Starting $prog: "
daemon $nginx -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && touch $lockfile
return $retval
}
stop() {
echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "
killproc $prog -QUIT
retval=$?
echo
[ $retval -eq 0 ] && rm -f $lockfile
return $retval
}
restart() {
configtest || return $?
stop
sleep 1
start
}
reload() {
configtest || return $?
echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "
killproc $nginx -HUP
RETVAL=$?
echo
}
force_reload() {
restart
}
configtest() {
$nginx -t -c $NGINX_CONF_FILE
}
rh_status() {
status $prog
}
rh_status_q() {
rh_status >/dev/null 2>&1
}
case "$1" in
start)
rh_status_q && exit 0
$1
;;
stop)
rh_status_q || exit 0
$1
;;
restart|configtest)
$1
;;
reload)
rh_status_q || exit 7
$1
;;
force-reload)
force_reload
;;
status)
rh_status
;;
condrestart|try-restart)
rh_status_q || exit 0
;;
*)
echo $"Usage: $0 {start|stop|status|restart|condrestart|try-restart|reload|force-reload|configtest}"
exit 2
esac
)
10 fg
11 chmod +x /etc/init.d/nginxd
12 chkconfig --add nginxd
13 chkconfig nginxd on
14 service nginxd start
2>nginx 的反向代理及負載均衡配置：(其中192.168.0.25爲後臺真正提供服務主機的IP) （http://wiki.nginx.org/NginxHttpProxyModule）
1 vim nginx.conf
|
修改
location / {
proxy_pass http://myhttpd;
proxy_set_header X-REAL-IP $remote_addr;
}
增加
upstream myhttpd {
ip_hash;
server 192.168.0.24 ;
server 192.168.0.25:8080;
}
|
( 其中ip_hash表示同一客服端訪問時，給其定義同一服務器，weight=10表示權重)
2 service nginxd restart