Linux 常用網絡配置命令
顯示網路配置
ifconfig
ifconfig –a 查看所有接口
ifconfig device 查看指定網絡接口信息
配置網絡地址 網關 廣播地址 子網掩碼
ifconfig eth0 192.168.1.50 netmask 255.255.255.0 broadcast 192.168.1.50
route add default gw 192.168.1.20 添加網關
route delet default 刪除默認網關
ip route (route) 顯示路由
以上設置在系統重新啓動時就會失去，必須要寫入到配置文件/etc/sysconfig/network-srcipts/ifcfg-eth0中去：
系統的主機名稱在配置文件/etc/sysconfig/network中
修改這些配置文件後重啓網絡服務就會生效（/etc/init.d/network restart）
相關 route命令的用法：
route add -net 192.56.76.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 dev eth0
adds a route to the network 192.56.76.x via "eth0". The Class C
netmask modifier is not really necessary here because 192.* is
a Class C IP address. The word "dev" can be omitted here.
Flags Possible flags include
U (route is up)
H (target is a host)
G (use gateway)
R (reinstate route for dynamic routing)
D (dynamically installed by daemon or redirect)
M (modified from routing daemon or redirect)
A (installed by addrconf)
C (cache entry)
! (reject route)
還有一個強大網絡配置工具（ip），它是iproute2軟件包裏面的一個工具，能替代傳統的網絡配置工具（ifconfig route），而且能夠實現更多的功能：
ip link（ip link show） 顯示系統網絡設備
[root@mail net]# ip link
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2f:1c:e1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
3: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
ip addr 顯示網絡地址
[root@mail net]# ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP> mtu 16436 qdisc noqueue
link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
inet 127.0.0.1/8 brd 127.255.255.255 scope host lo
inet6 ::1/128 scope host
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: eth0: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc pfifo_fast qlen 1000
link/ether 00:0c:29:2f:1c:e1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
inet 192.168.1.50/24 brd 192.168.1.255 scope global eth0
inet6 fe80::20c:29ff:fe2f:1ce1/64 scope link tentative
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: sit0: <NOARP> mtu 1480 qdisc noop
link/sit 0.0.0.0 brd 0.0.0.0
ip addr { add | del } IFADDR dev STRING 爲某一設備添加或刪除ip
設置鏈路屬性 ip link set DEVICE { up | down | arp { on | off } |
promisc { on | off } |
allmulti { on | off } |
dynamic { on | off } |
multicast { on | off } |
txqueuelen PACKETS |
name NEWNAME |
address LLADDR | broadcast LLADDR |
mtu MTU }
ip route show / ip route list
ip route list table (main /local / default)
ip route { add | del | change | append | replace | monitor } ROUTE
ip route add default via 192.168.1.20 添加網關
ip route delete default 刪除網關