flask中使用驗證碼

圖片檢驗碼， web框架用的是layui

安裝

  pip install pillow

views.py

生成驗證碼

from flask import render_template, request, redirect, url_for, session, make_response
from PIL import Image, ImageFont, ImageDraw, ImageFilter
from io import BytesIO

def validate_picture(width=130, heigth=50):
    # 生成一個臨時隨機的字符串
    nonce = ''.join([random.choice([chr(random.randrange(97, 122)), str(random.randint(0, 9)),
                                    chr(random.randrange(65, 90))]) for i in range(5)])
    # 生成一個圖片對象    顏色， (寬，高), 顏色 三色隨機
    imgobj = Image.new('RGB', (width, heigth), color=tuple([random.randint(0, 255) for i in range(3)]))
    draw = ImageDraw.Draw(imgobj)   # 創建draw對象

    font = ImageFont.truetype('/static/font/msyh.ttf', size=30)  # 設置字體， 字體大小
    draw.text((10, 4), text=nonce, fill='black', font=font)  # 用畫筆在板子上畫出來,

    # 劃幾根干擾線
    for num in range(8):
        x1 = random.randint(0, width / 2)
        y1 = random.randint(0, heigth / 2)
        x2 = random.randint(0, width)
        y2 = random.randint(heigth / 2, heigth)
        draw.line(((x1, y1), (x2, y2)), fill='black', width=1)

    # 模糊下,加個帥帥的濾鏡～
    im = imgobj.filter(ImageFilter.FIND_EDGES)
    return im, nonce

@auther.route('/validate_code')
def validate_code():
    image, nonce = validate_picture()
    buf = BytesIO()
    image.save(buf, 'jpeg')
    # 讀取寫入後的二進制文件
    data = buf.getvalue()
    # 把二進制作爲response發回前端，並設置首部字段
    response = make_response(data)
    response.headers['Content-Type'] = 'image/jpeg'
    # 添加session, 在session中在次進行判斷
    session['image'] = nonce
    return response

登陸類

# 主頁
@auther.route('/')
def loginindex():
    return render_template('authentication/login.html')

class Login(Resource):
    def post(self):
        '''
            狀態碼  10000： 表示已激活 可以登陸
                    10001:  帳號或密碼錯誤
                    10002： 沒有激活
                    10003： 驗證碼不對
        # 1、檢查用戶是否存在
        # 2、檢查用戶是否激活，沒有就直接 return
        # 3、如果正常返回url
        '''
        print(session)
        res = {'code': 10001}  # 直接判斷不存在
        logdic = request.form.to_dict()  # 獲取字典
        username = User.query.filter_by(name=logdic["name"]).first()
        if username:
            if username.is_active:
                if session.get('image'):
                                # 不區分大小寫
                    if session.get('image').lower() != logdic["vercode"].lower():
                        res["code"] = 10003
                if username.verify_password(logdic["password"]):
                    login_user(username)
                    session['name'] = logdic['name']
                    res["url"] = request.args.get('next') or url_for("backend.index")
                    res["code"] = 10000
            else:
                res["code"] = 10002
        return res

__init__.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#
# 藍圖
from flask import Blueprint
# restful
from flask_restful import Api
auther = Blueprint('auther',__name__)
# 註冊restful
restfulApi = Api(auther)
# 注意藍圖在__init__.py文件中 必須導入views視圖
from . import views

model.py

#!/usr/bin/env python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
#

from app import db, login_manager
from werkzeug.security import generate_password_hash, check_password_hash
from flask_login import UserMixin

class User(UserMixin, db.Model):
    __tablename__ = 'users'
    id = db.Column(db.Integer, primary_key=True)
    name = db.Column(db.String(30), unique=True)
    email = db.Column(db.String(40), unique=True, nullable=True)
    password_hash = db.Column(db.String(128))
    is_active = db.Column(db.Boolean, default=False)

    @property
    def password(self):
        raise AttributeError("輸入錯誤")

    @password.setter
    def password(self, password):
        self.password_hash = generate_password_hash(password)

    def verify_password(self, password):
        return check_password_hash(self.password_hash, password)

# 加載用戶回調函數
@login_manager.user_loader
def load_user(user_id):
    return User.query.get(int(user_id))

html

login.html

{% extends 'authentication/base.html' %}
{% block title %} 登入 - 黑熊平臺 {% endblock %}

{% block content %}
    <div class="layadmin-user-login layadmin-user-display-show" id="LAY-user-login" style="display: none;">

        <div class="layadmin-user-login-main">
            <div class="layadmin-user-login-box layadmin-user-login-header">
                <h2>黑熊平臺</h2>
                <p>後臺管理系統</p>
            </div>
            <div class="layadmin-user-login-box layadmin-user-login-body layui-form">
                <div class="layui-form-item">
                    <label class="layadmin-user-login-icon layui-icon layui-icon-username"
                           for="LAY-user-login-username"></label>
                    <input type="text" name="name" id="LAY-user-login-username" lay-verify="required" placeholder="用戶名"
                           class="layui-input">
                </div>
                <div class="layui-form-item">
                    <label class="layadmin-user-login-icon layui-icon layui-icon-password"
                           for="LAY-user-login-password"></label>
                    <input type="password" name="password" id="LAY-user-login-password" lay-verify="required"
                           placeholder="密碼" class="layui-input">
                </div>

                <div class="layui-form-item">
                    <div class="layui-row">
                        <div class="layui-col-xs7">
                            <label class="layadmin-user-login-icon layui-icon layui-icon-vercode"
                                   for="LAY-user-login-vercode"></label>
                            <input type="text" name="vercode" id="LAY-user-login-vercode" lay-verify="required"
                                   placeholder="圖形驗證碼" class="layui-input">
                        </div>
                        <div class="layui-col-xs5">
                            <div style="margin-left: 10px;">
                                <img src="{{ url_for('auther.validate_code') }}" id="validate">
                            </div>
                        </div>
                    </div>
                </div>

            <div class="layui-form-item">
                <button class="layui-btn layui-btn-fluid" lay-submit lay-filter="LAY-user-login-submit">登 入</button>
            </div>

            <div class="layui-trans layui-form-item layadmin-user-login-other">
                <label>預留</label>
                <a href="javascript:;"><i class="layui-icon layui-icon-login-qq"></i></a>
                <a href="javascript:;"><i class="layui-icon layui-icon-login-wechat"></i></a>
                <a href="javascript:;"><i class="layui-icon layui-icon-login-weibo"></i></a>

                <a href="{{ url_for('auther.register') }}" class="layadmin-user-jump-change layadmin-link">註冊帳號</a>
            </div>

        </div>
    </div>
    </div>
{% endblock %}

{% block script %}

    {{ super() }}
    <script>
        // 加載模塊 form
        layui.use('form', function () {
            var form = layui.form;
            form.render();    // 更新全部
            form.on('submit(LAY-user-login-submit)', function (obj) {
                var field = obj.field;
                $.ajax({
                    url: '{{ url_for("auther.login") }}',
                    type: "post",
                    data: field,
                    success: function (data) {
                        if (data.code == 10000) {
                            window.open(data.url, '__self');
                        } else if (data.code == 10001) {
                            layer.msg('帳號或密碼錯誤,請重新輸入', {icon: 5})
                        } else if (data.code == 10002) {
                            layer.msg('帳戶未被激活, 請聯繫管理員激活', {icon: 5})
                        } else if (data.code == 10003){
                            layer.msg('驗證碼不正確，請重新輸入', {icon: 5})
                        }
                    }
                })
            })
        })
    $("#validate").on('click', function () {
        $.ajax({
            url: '{{ url_for("auther.validate_code") }}',
            type:"get",
            success: function (data) {
                $("#validate").attr('src',"{{ url_for('auther.validate_code') }}")
            }
        })
    })

    </script>
{% endblock %}

base.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<head>
    <meta charset="utf-8">
    <title>{% block title %} {% endblock %}</title>
    <meta name="renderer" content="webkit">
    <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge,chrome=1">
    <meta name="viewport"
          content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0, minimum-scale=1.0, maximum-scale=1.0, user-scalable=0">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/layui/css/layui.css" media="all">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/layui/css/admin.css" media="all">
    <link rel="stylesheet" href="/static/layui/css/login.css" media="all">
</head>
<body>
{% block content %}
{% endblock %}

{% block script %}
    <script src="/static/js/jQuery-3.4.1.js"></script>
    <script src="/static/layui/layui.js"></script>
{% endblock %}
</body>
</html>

點擊登入，查看後臺session

  每次點擊之後 點登入 session  image值就會更改
    <RedisSession {'_permanent': True, 'image': '29r0i', 
    <RedisSession {'_permanent': True, 'image': 'n8091',

檢驗