在Ubuntu中，默認情況下，只有最新版本的MySQL包含在APT軟件包存儲庫中,要安裝它，只需更新服務器上的包索引並安裝默認包apt-get。
sudo apt-get update
sudo apt-get install mysql-server
初始化配置
sudo mysql_secure_installation
配置項較多，如下所示：
root@VM-0-5-ubuntu:/home/ubuntu# sudo mysql_secure_installation
Securing the MySQL server deployment.
Connecting to MySQL using a blank password.
VALIDATE PASSWORD PLUGIN can be used to test passwords
and improve security. It checks the strength of password
and allows the users to set only those passwords which are
secure enough. Would you like to setup VALIDATE PASSWORD plugin?
Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No: N
Please set the password for root here.
New password:
Re-enter new password:
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user,
allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have
a user account created for them. This is intended only for
testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother.
You should remove them before moving into a production
environment.
Remove anonymous users? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N
... skipping.
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from
'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at
the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that
anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing,
and should be removed before moving into a production
environment.
Remove test database and access to it? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : N
... skipping.
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes
made so far will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? (Press y|Y for Yes, any other key for No) : Y
Success.
All done!
systemctl status mysql.service
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Thu 2020-01-16 12:15:27 CST; 4min 32s ago
Main PID: 4431 (mysqld)
Tasks: 29 (limit: 2123)
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
└─4431 /usr/sbin/mysqld --daemonize --pid-file=/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
Jan 16 12:15:27 VM-0-5-ubuntu systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server..
