寫之前的內容時,Mule剛剛3.0.1版本,很多官方文檔還沒有更新(尤其示例代碼),維持在V2的狀態。經過了一年多的時間,Mule社區版發展至了3.2版本,並且推出了Mule Studio可視化開發工具(當前beta狀態,支持Mule 3.1.2)。
將以前自己驗證的示例代碼在3.1.2版本上又跑了一遍(有些變化),在此做一下記錄。
一. 服務調用
1. Mule實現並提供Web Service
在Mule上開發併發佈一個Web Service供客戶端調用。
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1"
exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic" doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<component doc:name="Component" doc:description="Invoke a Java component">
<singleton-object class="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
</component>
</ flow >- 測試方法
- 在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1/echo/text/hello”,回車後瀏覽器中將顯示返回結果信息。地址中的“echo”是服務的方法,“text”是方法的參數,“hello”是參數的值。
2. Web Service Proxy
Web Service Proxy用來將客戶端的WS請求直接轉發至相應的遠程WS服務端處理,並返回處理結果。Mule本身不做任何處理。
2.1 配置方式1
- 示例配置
<flow name="local2remote-ws">
<http:inbound-endpoint keep-alive="false" address="http://localhost:65000"
encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="HTTP"
doc:description="" />
<http:outbound-endpoint method="GET" keep-alive="false"
address="http://localhost:5050#[header:INBOUND:http.request]" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
disableTransportTransformer="false" followRedirects="false" exchange-pattern="request-response"
doc:name="HTTP" doc:description="" />
</ flow >- 說明
- 注意outbound-endpoint中address參數中的表達式。
- 測試方法
- 瀏覽器中通過“http://localhost:65000/webservice/EchoService?wsdl”(將內容複製,保存爲*.wsdl),然後使用SoapUI測試。
2.2 配置方式2
- 示例配置
<pattern:web-service-proxy name="ws-proxy" inboundAddress="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo2"
outboundAddress="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1?method=echo">
</pattern:web-service-proxy>
- 說明
- Mule爲這種常見的場景提供了現成的模式,以簡化配置。
- 測試方法
- 通過“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo2?wsdl”獲取wsdl文件,然後使用SoapUI測試。
3. Web Service to Web Service
Web Service To Web Service用於在Mule中提供Web Service供客戶端調用,Mule接收請求後調用遠端的Web Service進行處理,並返回結果。
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2remote-ws">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo8"
disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic"
doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<core:outbound-endpoint
address="wsdl-cxf:http://server1:5050/mule-business/webservice/EchoService?wsdl&method=Echo" />
</ flow >- 說明
- 注意outbound-endpoint中address參數的配置方式,使用了wsdl-cxf前綴表示此web service是由cxf提供的。
- 測試方法
- 在瀏覽器中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo8/echo/text/hello”進行測試。
4. Socket to Socket
Socket To Socket用於將客戶端的Socket請求轉發至遠程的Socket服務端處理,並返回處理結果。
- 示例配置
<flow name="tcp2tcp">
<tcp:inbound-endpoint host="localhost" port="7100" responseTimeout="10000"
encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="TCP"
doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
<tcp:outbound-endpoint host="localhost" port="7000" responseTimeout="10000"
encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="TCP"
doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
</ flow >- 說明
- 主要配置host、port參數,表明服務地址。
- 測試方法
- 通過 SimpleServer和SimpleClient測試類,首先啓動SimpleServer,然後啓動SimpleClient,發送請求並接收處理結果。
5. JMS Topic
客戶端發送Web Service請求,Mule將請求消息發送至遠程JMS的Topic中。
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2jms-topic">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo3"
responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" mimeType="text/plain"
exchange-pattern="one-way" doc:name="Generic" doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<jms:outbound-endpoint topic="topic1" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false" exchange-pattern="one-way"
connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS" doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
</flow>
<flow name="jms-topic2echo">
<jms:inbound-endpoint topic="topic1" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false" exchange-pattern="one-way"
connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS" doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
<echo-component doc:name="Echo" doc:description="Echoes message payload." />
</flow>- 說明
- JMS endpoint是單向的,不需要返回值。通過topic屬性指定JMS Server的Topic名稱,connector-ref指明瞭使用的JMS連接。
- 測試方法
- 在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo3/echo/text/hello”發送請求,Mule控制檯上輸出訂閱者的處理結果(上述示例中通過Mule配置了一個JMS的訂閱者)。也可以通過ActiveMQ的控制檯,查看到Topic中增加了一條發佈的消息。
二. 基於消息內容的路由
Mule提供基於消息內容的路由機制,根據消息中的指定信息,將消息發送至不同的服務端進行處理。
1. Socket to Socket 路由
- 示例配置
<flow name="tcp2tcp-router">
<tcp:inbound-endpoint host="localhost" port="7101" responseTimeout="10000"
encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="TCP"
doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
<choice>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='bj'">
<tcp:outbound-endpoint host="server1" port="7101"
responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response"
doc:name="TCP" doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
</when>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='sh'">
<tcp:outbound-endpoint host="server1" port="7102"
responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response"
doc:name="TCP" doc:description="The TCP transport enables events to be sent and received over TCP sockets." />
</when>
</choice>
</flow>- 說明
- 路由使用了<choice>、<when>元素,表示路由分支。When元素使用evaluator指明表達式的解析方式,使用expression描述消息內容的判斷條件。
- 測試方法
- 同Socket To Socket測試,消息內容分別爲<req><area>bj</area></req>、<req><area>sh</area></req>,查看發送至不同服務器的輸出。
2. Web Service to JMS Topic 路由
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2jms-topic-router">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo7"
disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic"
doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<choice>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='bj'">
<jms:outbound-endpoint topic="topic1" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false"
exchange-pattern="one-way" connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS"
doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
</when>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='sh'">
<jms:outbound-endpoint topic="topic2" responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8"
disableTransportTransformer="false" disableTemporaryReplyToDestinations="false"
exchange-pattern="one-way" connector-ref="activemqConnector" doc:name="JMS"
doc:description="Send or receive messages from a JMS queue" />
</when>
</choice>
</flow>- 測試方法
- 通過“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo7?wsdl”獲取wsdl文件,然後通過SoapUI發送請求,查看返回結果。修改消息內容,查看結果的變化。
3. Web Service to Web Service 路由
- 示例配置
<flow name="local-ws2jms-topic-router">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo9"
disableTransportTransformer="false" exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic"
doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<choice>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='bj'">
<core:outbound-endpoint
address="wsdl-cxf:http://server1:5050/mule-business/webservice/CalcService?wsdl&method=processXml" />
</when>
<when evaluator="jxpath" expression="(req/area)='sh'">
<core:outbound-endpoint
address="wsdl-cxf:http://server2:5050/mule-business/webservice/CalcService?wsdl&method=processXml" />
</when>
</choice>
</flow>- 測試方法
- 使用“
三. 數據轉換
1. 壓縮解壓
Mule原生提供了gzip壓縮方式的Transformer。
- 示例配置
<flow name="gzip">
<stdio:inbound-endpoint ref="stdioInEndpoint" />
<core:string-to-byte-array-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:gzip-compress-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:gzip-uncompress-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:byte-array-to-string-transformer encoding="UTF-8" />
<stdio:outbound-endpoint ref="stdioOutEndpoint" />
</flow>- 說明
- gzip-compress-transformer針對byte[]進行壓縮處理,因此對於字符串類型的消息,首先需要通過string-to-byte-array-transformer進行轉換。
- 測試方法
- 在控制檯的提示信息後輸入測試字符串,完成後控制檯輸出同樣的信息。
2. 加密解密
加密、解密是一種特定的數據轉換方式,因此通過自定義Transformer的形式支持。
- 示例配置
<flow name="encrypt">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo11"
responseTimeout="10000" encoding="UTF-8" disableTransportTransformer="false" mimeType="text/plain"
exchange-pattern="one-way" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
<component>
<singleton-object class="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
</component>
<core:custom-transformer class="demo.mule.transformer.DesEncryptTransformer" encoding="UTF-8" />
<component class="demo.mule.component.Passthrough" />
<core:custom-transformer class="demo.mule.transformer.DesDecryptTransformer" encoding="UTF-8" />
<stdio:outbound-endpoint ref="stdioOutEndpoint" />
</flow>- 說明
- DesEncryptTransformer是自定義的壓縮轉換器,DesDecryptTransformer是對應的解壓轉換器。
- 測試方法
- 在瀏覽器地址欄中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo11/echo/text/測試字符串”,在控制檯中可見加密後的字符串和最終解密後與原串相同的字符串。
3. 自定義Transformer
- 示例代碼
import demo.mule.dto.Envelope;
publicclassString2EnvelopeTransformerextendsAbstractTransformer{
privatestaticLoglog=LogFactory.getLog(String2EnvelopeTransformer.class);
@Override
protectedObjectdoTransform(Objectsrc,Stringenc)throws TransformerException {
Envelopeenv=newEnvelope();
if(srcinstanceofString){
StringTokenizerst=newStringTokenizer((String)src,",");
Stringarea=st.nextToken();
Stringdata=st.nextToken();
env.create(area,data);
}
log.debug(env);
returnenv;
}
}- 說明
- 自定義Transformer需要繼承AbstractTransformer類,實現其doTransform方法。該方法接收兩個參數,一個是消息對象,一個是消息的Encoding,方法拋出TransformerException,返回轉換後的消息對象。
- 實例配置
<flow name="local-ws">
<core:inbound-endpoint address="http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1"
exchange-pattern="request-response" doc:name="Generic" doc:description="Generic endpoint specified by address URI" />
<cxf:jaxws-service serviceClass="demo.mule.component.Echo" doc:name="SOAP"
doc:description="Make a web service available via CXF" />
<component doc:name="Component" doc:description="Invoke a Java component">
<singleton-object class="demo.mule.component.Echo" />
</component>
<core:custom-transformer class="demo.mule.transformer.String2EnvelopeTransformer"></core:custom-transformer>
<core:outbound-endpoint address="stdio://System.out" exchange-pattern="one-way" />
</flow>- 測試方法
- 在瀏覽器中輸入“http://localhost:65082/services/Echo1/echo/text/bj,hello”進行測試,觀察控制檯輸出結果。
僅以上述示例代碼作爲這一段時間Mule文檔閱讀及試用的總結。
PS:程序代碼插件有時有點問題,前幾段代碼字體是CN,後邊就突然變成一種非等寬字體了。而且XML的格式不是很直觀,因此直接粘貼了。。
轉載自:http://my.oschina.net/moon/blog/40125