CNCF發佈最新技術雷達報告，聚焦多集羣管理

{"type":"doc","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CNCF"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.cncf.io\/announcements\/2021\/06\/23\/cncf-end-user-community-provides-insights-into-kubernetes-cluster-management-with-technology-radar\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"發佈"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"了第五版的最終用戶技術雷達（End User Technology Radar）報告。本報告主要針對多集羣管理中工具鏈使用和第2天操作（Day-2 Operation）相關的集羣部署、核心服務及附加工具的情況。由此，技術雷達團隊圍繞五大主題開展了調查並給出報告，分別是完整解決方案的缺失、對自定義工具鏈的需求、最常用的工具、Kubernetes Operator的流行度，以及Cluster API的就緒情況。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/c4\/c4051515db692b7d123a2d6367cf8b35.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"圖片來源：CNCF。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"第一個主題是，多集羣管理並不存在所謂的銀彈。儘管目前可用的工具不少，但很少有完備的解決方案。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"技術雷達團隊發現，部署最廣泛使用的是"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/search.action?queryString=HashiCorp+Terraform","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"HashiCorp Terraform"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"及自定義工具。此外，團隊發現無論在私用雲還是公有云上，隨着部署集羣的增長並超過一定閾值，用戶就會轉向Kubernetes管理。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.meltwater.com\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Meltwater"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"是此次調查的參與企業。其首席工程師"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/twitter.com\/recollir","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Federico Hernandez"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"着重指出當前集羣管理空間的零散化程度："}]},{"type":"blockquote","content":[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"儘管通用做法是從Kubernetes集羣開始去擴展自身的環境，但最終用戶目前尚不存在明確的集羣管理路徑。"}]}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"第二個主題是，無論使用任何工具去部署和管理集羣，自定義工具都是不可或缺的。由於Kubernetes平臺在網絡層和存儲層上提供的靈活性和複雜性，平臺工程師可構建內部解決方案去配置並協同處理各層，在安全處理平臺組件的同時，確保公司策略得到貫徹。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"image","attrs":{"src":"https:\/\/static001.geekbang.org\/infoq\/9e\/9e2352b07330051c3ae48ef25dd90030.png","alt":null,"title":null,"style":[{"key":"width","value":"75%"},{"key":"bordertype","value":"none"}],"href":null,"fromPaste":true,"pastePass":true}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null}},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"圖片來源：CNCF。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"第三個主題關注的是管理DNS、命名空間、RBAC等核心服務的工具。使用最廣泛的分別是"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/kubernetes.io\/docs\/concepts\/extend-kubernetes\/operator\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Kubernetes 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Operator。Operator是一種利用自定義資源去管理應用的Kubernetes軟件擴展。在覈心服務類中，Operator獲24票並脫穎而出。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"技術雷達團隊指出，Operator的主要優勢包括：能替換自定義工具鏈去解決特定問題、簡化Kubernetes的統一擴展，以及自動化那些通常由應用所有者或服務維護人員完成的任務。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"第五個也是最後一個主題，關注的是"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/cluster-api.sigs.k8s.io\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"Cluster API"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。這是一個提供聲明式API和工具的Kubernetes子項目，用於簡化多集羣的配置、配置、升級和操作。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"儘管Cluster API已被部分參與調查的最終用戶所採用，但技術雷達團隊認爲Cluster API在成熟和可用於生產之前還需要做進一步的測試。 此外，團隊也着重介紹了一些流傳在社交媒體Cluster API成功案例，包括降低複雜性，以及緩解多集羣操作相關的痛點。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"多達24家公司參與了CNCF的這次調查，貢獻了210個數據點。五大主題是團隊根據社區建議選出的。CNCF最終用戶社區隨後向其140名成員派發了任務，希望所在公司按已採用、在試用或正評估三類，分別對各解決方案列表給出建議。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"正如針對此版技術雷達調查召開的"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mjg_x9iYEIc","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"網絡會議"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"上指出，這次2021年6月開展的調查結果僅限於140家最終用戶企業，其中包括Mattermost、Meltwater、Fidelity Investments、Workday和Spotify。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"CNCF鼓勵社區用戶去"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"http:\/\/cncf.io\/tech-radar","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"投票選出技術雷達的進一步主題"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"，反饋意見可發送到"},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/file+.vscode-resource.vscode-webview.net\/d%3A\/Documents\/2021.08\/%E8%AF%91%E4%B9%A6\/[email protected]","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"[email protected]"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":"。"}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "}]},{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"indent":0,"number":0,"align":null,"origin":null},"content":[{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}},{"type":"strong"}],"text":"原文鏈接："},{"type":"text","marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}],"text":" "},{"type":"link","attrs":{"href":"https:\/\/www.infoq.com\/news\/2021\/08\/cncf-radar-cluster-management\/","title":null,"type":null},"content":[{"type":"text","text":"CNCF Publishes Latest Technology Radar Focused on Multicluster Management"}],"marks":[{"type":"color","attrs":{"color":"#494949","name":"user"}}]}]}]}