先在VMWARE添加硬件，3塊SCSI硬盤，如果要做RAID5就得四塊了。
然後用fdisk將硬盤分區，注意分區的系統格式。
Disk /dev/sdd: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xe45cf3b9
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdd1 1 130 1044193+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdd2 131 260 1044225 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdd3 261 391 1052257+ fd Linux raid autodetect
Disk /dev/sde: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xb51587ec
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sde1 1 130 1044193+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sde2 131 260 1044225 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sde3 261 391 1052257+ fd Linux raid autodetect
Disk /dev/sdf: 3221 MB, 3221225472 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 391 cylinders
Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x5c56f4ae
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdf1 1 130 1044193+ fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdf2 131 260 1044225 fd Linux raid autodetect
/dev/sdf3 261 391 1052257+ fd Linux raid autodetect
安裝mdadm，並確認 apt-get install mdadm,
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ lsmod | grep md
md_mod 82068 0
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ cat /proc/devices | grep md
1 ramdisk
9 md
253 mdp
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities :
unused devices: <none>
RAID 0:
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm -Cv /dev/md0 -l0 -n3 /dev/sdd1 /dev/sde1 /dev/sdf1
mdadm: chunk size defaults to 64K
mdadm: array /dev/md0 started.
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0]
md0 : active raid0 sdf1[2] sde1[1] sdd1[0]
3132288 blocks 64k chunks
unused devices: <none>
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ mdadm -D /dev/md0
mdadm: cannot open /dev/md0: Permission denied
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md0
/dev/md0:
Version : 00.90.03
Creation Time : Sun Aug 7 01:35:11 2011
Raid Level : raid0
Array Size : 3132288 (2.99 GiB 3.21 GB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 3
Preferred Minor : 0
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 7 01:35:11 2011
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 0
Chunk Size : 64K
UUID : 7da54c47:fdd46140:e896b948:8bdba58f (local to host nestor-desktop)
Events : 0.1
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 49 0 active sync /dev/sdd1
1 8 65 1 active sync /dev/sde1
2 8 81 2 active sync /dev/sdf1
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/md0
mke2fs 1.40.8 (13-Mar-2008)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
195840 inodes, 783072 blocks
39153 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=805306368
24 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8160 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks):
done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 31 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mkdir /raid0disk
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mount /dev/md0 /raid0disk
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$
RAID 1:
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm -Cv /dev/md1 -l1 -n2 -x1 /dev/sdd2 /dev/sde2 /dev/sdf2
mdadm: size set to 1044160K
mdadm: array /dev/md1 started.
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ cat /proc/mdstat
Personalities : [raid0] [raid1]
md1 : active raid1 sdf2[2](S) sde2[1] sdd2[0]
1044160 blocks [2/2] [UU]
md0 : active raid0 sdf1[2] sde1[1] sdd1[0]
3132288 blocks 64k chunks
unused devices: <none>
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ mdadm -D /dev/md1
mdadm: cannot open /dev/md1: Permission denied
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md1
/dev/md1:
Version : 00.90.03
Creation Time : Sun Aug 7 01:43:55 2011
Raid Level : raid1
Array Size : 1044160 (1019.86 MiB 1069.22 MB)
Used Dev Size : 1044160 (1019.86 MiB 1069.22 MB)
Raid Devices : 2
Total Devices : 3
Preferred Minor : 1
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 7 01:44:00 2011
State : clean
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1
UUID : ee1158f1:5d371eef:e896b948:8bdba58f (local to host nestor-desktop)
Events : 0.4
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 50 0 active sync /dev/sdd2
1 8 66 1 active sync /dev/sde2
2 8 82 - spare /dev/sdf2
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/md1
mke2fs 1.40.8 (13-Mar-2008)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
65280 inodes, 261040 blocks
13052 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=268435456
8 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8160 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (4096 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 23 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mkdir /raid1disk
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mount /dev/md1 /raid1disk
RAID 5, 並模擬壞盤：
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm -Cv /dev/md5 -l5 -n3 -x1 -c128 /dev/sdd3 /dev/sde3 /dev/sdf3 /dev/sdc3
mdadm: layout defaults to left-symmetric
mdadm: size set to 1052160K
mdadm: array /dev/md5 started.
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ mdadm -D /dev/md5
mdadm: cannot open /dev/md5: Permission denied
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
Version : 00.90.03
Creation Time : Sun Aug 7 05:04:38 2011
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 2104320 (2.01 GiB 2.15 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1052160 (1027.67 MiB 1077.41 MB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 4
Preferred Minor : 5
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 7 05:05:08 2011
State : clean
Active Devices : 3
Working Devices : 4
Failed Devices : 0
Spare Devices : 1
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
UUID : b14234b7:8b18c28b:e896b948:8bdba58f (local to host nestor-desktop)
Events : 0.4
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
0 8 51 0 active sync /dev/sdd3
1 8 67 1 active sync /dev/sde3
2 8 83 2 active sync /dev/sdf3
3 8 35 - spare /dev/sdc3
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ mkfs.ext3 /dev/md5
mke2fs 1.40.8 (13-Mar-2008)
mkfs.ext3: Permission denied while trying to determine filesystem size
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mkfs.ext3 /dev/md5
mke2fs 1.40.8 (13-Mar-2008)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
131648 inodes, 526080 blocks
26304 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=541065216
17 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
7744 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information: done
This filesystem will be automatically checked every 24 mounts or
180 days, whichever comes first. Use tune2fs -c or -i to override.
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mkdir /raid5disk
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ mount /dev/md5 /raid5disk
mount: only root can do that
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mount /dev/md5 /raid5disk
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo gedit /etc/fstat
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo gedit /etc/fstab
q
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ q
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm /dev/md5 -f /dev/sdd3
mdadm: set /dev/sdd3 faulty in /dev/md5
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ mdadm -D /dev/md5
mdadm: cannot open /dev/md5: Permission denied
nestor@nestor-desktop:~$ sudo mdadm -D /dev/md5
/dev/md5:
Version : 00.90.03
Creation Time : Sun Aug 7 05:04:38 2011
Raid Level : raid5
Array Size : 2104320 (2.01 GiB 2.15 GB)
Used Dev Size : 1052160 (1027.67 MiB 1077.41 MB)
Raid Devices : 3
Total Devices : 4
Preferred Minor : 5
Persistence : Superblock is persistent
Update Time : Sun Aug 7 05:16:53 2011
State : clean, degraded, recovering
Active Devices : 2
Working Devices : 3
Failed Devices : 1
Spare Devices : 1
Layout : left-symmetric
Chunk Size : 128K
Rebuild Status : 80% complete
UUID : b14234b7:8b18c28b:e896b948:8bdba58f (local to host nestor-desktop)
Events : 0.6
Number Major Minor RaidDevice State
3 8 35 0 spare rebuilding /dev/sdc3
1 8 67 1 active sync /dev/sde3
2 8 83 2 active sync /dev/sdf3
4 8 51 - faulty spare /dev/sdd3
將這些設備加入/etc/fstab啓動項：
/dev/md0 /raid0disk auto defaults 0 0
/dev/md1 /raid1disk auto defaults 0 0
/dev/md5 /raid5disk auto defaults 0 0