本題黑書P116有詳細講解。
思路:
先把方差公式化簡:
其中平均數是一定的,就是方格里所有的數的和除以n,所以問題轉化爲將棋盤分成n個矩形,使每個矩形的總分的
平方和
最小。
考慮左上角爲(x1,y1)
,右下角爲(x2,y2)
的矩形:
設它的總分爲s[x1, y1, x2, y2]
,切割k次得到k+1塊矩形的總分平方和最小爲d[x1, y1, x2, y2]
,則切一刀時,可以橫着切,也可以豎着切,然後遞歸下去繼續切即可。
代碼:
#include <cstdio>
#include <cstring>
#include <algorithm>
#include <iostream>
#include <cmath>
#include <climits>
#define THIS (dp[k][x1][y1][x2][y2])
using namespace std;
int n;
int arr[11][11];
double sum[11][11];
double dp[17][11][11][11][11];
inline double S(int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
double t = sum[x2][y2] - sum[x1 - 1][y2] - sum[x2][y1 - 1] + sum[x1 - 1][y1 - 1];
return t * t;
}
double dfs(int k, int x1, int y1, int x2, int y2) {
if (k == 1) {
THIS = S(x1, y1, x2, y2);
return THIS;
}
if (fabs(THIS) > 1e-8) return THIS;
THIS = 1 << 29;
for (int i = x1; i < x2; i++) {
THIS = min(THIS, min(dfs(k - 1, x1, y1, i, y2) + S(i + 1, y1, x2, y2),
dfs(k - 1, i + 1, y1, x2, y2) + S(x1, y1, i, y2)));
}
for (int i = y1; i < y2; i++) {
THIS = min(THIS, min(dfs(k - 1, x1, y1, x2, i) + S(x1, i + 1, x2, y2),
dfs(k - 1, x1, i + 1, x2, y2) + S(x1, y1, x2, i)));
}
return THIS;
}
int main() {
freopen("1191.in", "r", stdin);
cin >> n;
for (int i = 1; i <= 8; i++)
for (int j = 1; j <= 8; j++)
cin >> arr[i][j];
for (int i = 1; i <= 8; i++)
for (int j = 1; j <= 8; j++)
sum[i][j] = sum[i - 1][j] + sum[i][j - 1] - sum[i - 1][j - 1] + arr[i][j];
double adv = sum[8][8] / n;
double ans = dfs(n, 1, 1, 8, 8) / n;
printf("%.3lf\n", sqrt(ans - adv * adv));
return 0;
}